Seismic vulnerability assessment of urban buildings and traffic networks using fuzzy ordered weighted average

Urban buildings and urban traffic network are considered as the vital arteries of cities which have particular effects especially after the crisis in the search and rescue operations. The aim of this study is to determine the vulnerability of urban areas especially, buildings and traffic networks using multicriteria geographic information systems and decisionmaking methods. As there are many effective criteria on the seismic vulnerability that they have uncertain and vague properties, the method of this paper is applying fuzzy ordered weighted average(OWA) to model the seismic vulnerability of urban buildings and traffic networks in the most optimistic and pessimistic states. The study area is district 6 of Tehran that is affected by the four major faults, and thus will be threatened by the earthquakes. The achieved results illustrated the vulnerability with different degrees of risk levels including very high, high, medium, low and very low. The results show that in the most optimistic case 14% and in the pessimistic case 1% of buildings tolerate in very low vulnerability. The vulnerability of urban street network also indicates that in the optimistic case 12% and in the pessimistic case at most 9% of the area are in appropriate condition and the North and NorthEast of the study area are more vulnerable than South of it.

Design of Building Monitoring Systems Based on Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Network provides a potential technique for monitoring the indoor environment. This paper presents a Building Monitoring system based on Wireless Sensor Networks. A clustering-based network specified for building monitoring is proposed, which is inspired by LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Cluster Hierarchy) method. Further, two key ideas are used to implement the clustering-based network. First, the configuration module of building management software is used to conduct all nodes in a room forming a local cluster. This cluster formation method does not consume node energy. Second, because cluster-heads cannot directly transmit packets to the sink node due to limited wireless communication range, the cluster-head communications are represented by a multi-hop tree rooted at the sink node. The experiment has been made to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed results.

A WiFi-ZigBee Building Area Network Design of High Traffics AMI for Smart Grid

A WiFi-ZigBee hybrid BAN solution, namely WiZBAN, is proposed and implemented to cater for the development of high traffic AMI for smart grid application. It is important to highlight that the major challenge of WiZBAN is to handle the high density environment which results in heavy traffic loading and weak signal propagation. To overcome the captioned problem, Vertical Backbone Communication (VBC) and Horizontal Floor Communication (HFC) are defined for WiZBAN. The WiZBAN consists of WiZBAN Gateway (WiZGW), WiZBAN Meter Hub (WiZBAN) and WiZBAN In Home Display (WiZIHD) which caters for the smart grids services including smart metering and demand response. The WiZGW is the entrance of WiZBAN and connects WiZBAN to utilities. The WiZGW also teams up with WiZMH to enables VBC. On the other hand, WiZMH serves as the interception point of VBC and HFC. It interacts with smart meters and sets up the HFC together with WiZIHD to provide the user interface for end users. To shorten the transmission time, WiFi is adopted for VBC while ZigBee is applied to HCF to overcome the weak signal propagation. To investigate the performance of WiZBAN, a case study has been conducted based on an existing 23 floor residential building. From the measured and simulated results, the average round trip delay of demand response and smart metering are found to be 0.6 s and 9 s respectively.

ZTE to Build SDR Network for Portugal's Optimus

ZTE Corporation, a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions, announced on February 24, 2010 that Optimus will be deploying its software define radio （SDR） multi-mode solution, enabling the operator to upgrade its GSM/UMTS network in Portugal and providing a smooth evolution path to LTE. ZTE＇s SDR network will include SDR RAN, network management system, and operation systems and software （NMS/OSS）, enabling Optimus to optimize current 2G/3G services and smoothly upgrade to LTE.

ZTE to Build IMS Core Network for China Mobile

ZTE Corporation, a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions, announced on April 26, 2010 that it has been chosen by China Mobile to deliver its IMS core network in key Chinese provinces. The China Mobile＇ s commercial IMS network will boast 1.4 million lines when it is completed in three months. According to the comprehensive evaluation process by China Mobile, ZTE was ranked among the tier one IMS supplier group for the project this time.

Zapp Selects ZTE to Build 3G Network in Romania

ZTE, a leading global provide of telecommunications equipment and network sulutions, announced on May 29, 2008 that it has been selected by Zapp, Romania’s fourth largest mobile operator, to roll-out a WCDMA/HSDPA commercial network. This deal reinforces ZTE position in Europe. Zapp plans on launching its 3G commercial services in early autumn 2008 and the network should be completed by 2011.

ZTE Softswitch the Working Solution to Build the New Generation Network

ZTE Softswitch supports the interoperability and convergence oflegacy PSTN/ISDN, PLMN, IN, and the Internet, allowing operatorsor service providers to offer diversified services to any subscriber atany time on a ZTE Softswitch network.With powerful C4 and C5 features, ZTE Softswitch effectivelysolves the evolution problems in the existing networks, protectinglegacy network investment and reducing future investment to a prof-itable level for providers.

China Builds Optical Fibre Tele-trunk Network

In early 1995 China began to build eight optical fibre cable trunks, including the 4,532km-long Hangzhou-Fuzhou-Guiyang-Chengdu trunk in southern China, the 2,133km-long Beijing-Hohhot-Yinchuan-Lanzhou trunk in the northern part of the country, and the 3,000km-long Beijing-Wuhan-Guangzhou trunk across the country. They will be put into use by the end of the year, thus finalizing the construction of 22 A-

Neural Network Approach to Response of Buildings Due to Earthquake Excitation

The present article investigates the physical phenomena associated with the wave passage effect into a building considering the ground floor as the soft floor with the conformity of the up-to-date scenario of the construction of high rise buildings, due to shear excitation of the base. The aim of the study is to analyse the post-earthquake situation of the building in respect to its health. With this vision, the ensuing problem on two-dimensional building models, non-incorporating soil-structure interaction, is being tackled by both analytical and neural network approaches. Computational results from both ends (of the approaches) show that the wave energy does not always propagate from the ground into the building, but for lower frequency range it sails to the building without any disturbances. However, for higher frequency range, the computational results show that the building experiences large “torsional” deformations, as a result the building may collapse. Finally, both the approaches maintain a good agreement among themselves. The present investigation may lead to a long way in contributing to better and more rational, simplified design criteria.

基于动态贝叶斯网络的装配式建筑吊装施工安全风险分析

针对装配式建筑吊装施工期间风险影响因素多、不确定性高及风险状态随时间动态变化等问题,提出基于动态贝叶斯网络的装配式建筑吊装施工安全风险动态分析方法。首先,根据装配式建筑吊装施工特点和事故致因理论,从“人、物、环、管”4个方面建立风险指标体系。其次,引入时间维度建立动态贝叶斯网络模型,利用模糊理论和专家打分法量化网络节点的概率,并结合Leaky Noisy-or Gate扩展模型修正条件概率。最后,利用动态贝叶斯网络的双向推理功能对装配式建筑吊装施工安全风险进行动态风险分析。由实例分析得到某装配式建筑吊装施工安全风险的时序变化曲线,通过反向推理得到导致吊装事故发生的关键风险因素。研究成果可为分析和有效控制装配式建筑吊装施工安全风险提供新思路。

“4·29”特别重大房屋倒塌事件舆情主题聚类及演化研究

研究房屋倒塌突发事件舆情主题及演化规律,可为应急主管部门引导和调控舆情提供实践指导。以长沙“4·29”特别重大房屋倒塌事件为对象,收集新浪微博平台上事件发生后8 d内的网民评论,运用词频逆文本频率(Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency,TF IDF)算法提取关键词,计算共现频率并刻画共现网络关系,耦合困惑度与K均值聚类(K Means)算法进行舆情主题聚类;采用对应分析方法,识别舆情主题的相关性,探究舆情主题随时间的热度变化趋势,揭示房屋倒塌事件舆情主题演化规律。结果表明:通过聚类得到的7个舆情主题依据相关性可耦合为救援善后T_(1)、调查追究T_(2)、安全防范T_(3)三大主题;以流言传播、官方召开发布会为最佳节点,将舆情传播划分为演化特征不同的前期、中期和后期。其中,前期主题T_(1)占优,中期主题T_(2)、T_(3)占优,后期主题T_(1)再次占优。通过类比分析化工爆炸事件舆情演化特征,验证了主题T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)对突发公共事件舆情演变起关键作用,满足公众对主题T_(1)、T_(2)和T_(3)的信息诉求是舆情平缓的关键。研究成果可为类似突发公共事件舆情治理提供参考。

新媒体视域下高校学生党建工作创新与发展研究

随着新媒体技术的飞速发展,互联网上的海量信息毫无修饰地展现在高校学生的视野中,使高校学生的日常生活和学习方式发生了巨大变化,这对于高校大学生党建工作来说是一项巨大挑战,也是空前的机遇。因此,应合理运用新媒体的信息化作用,创新开展高校党建工作模式,完善工作体系,积极促进新媒体与高校党建工作双融合。

Fault Diagnosis of an Intelligent Building Facility Using Bayesian Networks

There is great significance to diagnose the fault of an intelligent building facility for fault controlling, repairing, eliminating and preventing. As an example, this paper established a Bayesian networks model f or fault diagnosis of the refrigeration system of an intelligent building facility, gave the networks parameters, and analyzed the reasoning mechanism. Based on the model, some data was analyzed and diagnosed by adopting Bayesian networks reasoning platform GeNIe. The result shows that the diagnosis effect is more comprehensive and reasonable than the other method.

基于SNA的装配式混凝土建筑质量影响因素分析

近几年,我国开始大力推行装配式混凝土建筑,但质量问题却难以突破。基于此,通过大量文献研究和专家访谈,识别出影响装配式混凝土建筑质量的因素,运用社会网络分析法,分析各影响因素之间的关联性,找出关键因素,并针对关键影响因素提出了相应的质量保证措施。

乡村聚落边界形态生成方法研究

聚落的边界由建筑部分的实边界与建筑之间空隙部分的虚边界连接而成。文章基于建筑外部空间理论与凸包原理,提出了一种求取聚落边界的新方法。首先利用Delaunay三角网求取聚落建筑之间的影响距离,继而绘制建筑节点网络图,以此求取聚落内两两之间具有直接可视空间关联的建筑之间的凸包,并叠加得出该聚落的公共空间,其外轮廓即为聚落的虚边界。综合实、虚两部分边界,得到完整的聚落边界图形。文章提出的新方法充分考虑了聚落内部建筑的疏密程度对聚落边界设定的影响,其结果更符合真实的空间感受,也更具科学性与合理性。

基于图顶点深度聚类的建筑物合并方法

建筑物要素合并是大比例尺地图缩编过程中实现空间结构简化的重要手段。基于综合规则的合并方法难以同时顾及要素形态、分布等诸多特征,受预设算法参数影响大,综合过程缺乏灵活性。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种基于图顶点深度聚类网络的建筑物合并模型,利用Delaunay三角网构建建筑物群组表征图模型,结合自编码器与图卷积网络学习剖分三角形的几何形态、空间分布特征,采用自监督学习方式实现三角形的聚类与分类(保留、删除),最终在不依赖样本条件下实现建筑物要素端到端智能化合并。试验表明,该方法对预设合并参数依赖低,能同时顾及建筑物要素的形态与分布特征。合并过程具有一定灵活性,合并结果能较好满足地图可视化要求。

基于社会网络分析法的建筑施工高处坠落事故成因研究——以华东地区为例

明确建筑施工高处坠落事故发生的关键成因及其关联性,可以有效预防事故的发生,为此类事故的防控工作提供参考。文章收集2012—2021年间华东地区的145份建筑施工高处坠落事故调查报告,基于文本挖掘进行结构化处理,识别出25项成因要素,运用社会网络分析法,借助社会网络分析软件Ucinet构建建筑施工高处坠落事故成因关系网络,分析了整体网络密度、个体网络密度、网络中心性以及核心边缘结构。结果表明:主体责任不落实、防护措施不到位、监督检查不力、现场管理不到位、安全教育培训不到位、安全意识淡薄、防护用品使用不当等7项要素是高处坠落事故中的关键成因,可将其作为建筑施工高处作业的安全防控重点,以减少高处坠落事故的发生。

适用于区域建筑群实时震害模拟的LSTM-FC组合深度网络模型研究

建筑物破坏在地震灾害中往往会导致巨大损失,对城市建筑群进行灾前灾时的震害预测具有重要意义。传统BP(back propagation)网络和CNN(convolutional neural networks)网络等人工智能方法在进行震害预测时多集中于提取建筑物信息。然而,这些方法在处理地震波的时序数据方面有所不足,导致其在整合和分析对地震灾害预测至关重要的时序相关因素时效果有限。因此,本文提出一种耦合LSTM(long short-term memory)和FC(fully connected)神经网络的震害预测方法。LSTM网络擅长处理具有时间序列特性的地震波信息,能够捕捉和分析随时间变化的地震波动模式。同时,全连接网络可用于综合分析所有相关的震害因子。通过对云浮地区265栋典型钢混建筑进行指标量化并确定输入指标(震害影响因子)和输出指标(震害指数),利用LSTM-FC组合深度网络、CNN网络和BP网络模型对数据进行训练并优化。通过将LSTM-FC网络模型的预测结果与弹塑性时程分析比较,发现该模型在拟合效果和精度方面优于传统的BP和CNN模型。拟合效果提升了36.8%和10.6%,精度分别提升了77.6%和91.7%,表明LSTM-FC网络在地震损害预测上更为有效。同时,将该方法应用于广东省云浮市钢混结构群震害预测,构建的易损性矩阵与华南地区的易损性矩阵均值进行了对比,显示误差相对较小,说明该模型不仅理论上可行,在实际应用中也能表现出较高的准确性和有效性。

“行为-认知”二元视角下协同创作知识建构特征研究——基于过程挖掘和认知网络的方法

协同创作作为协作学习的重要形式,对培养学习者高阶思维和深层次认知能力具有重要意义。协同创作产生的大量伴随式数据能映射学习者知识建构过程,进而发掘出学习者阶段性知识建构特征。基于此,从“行为-认知”二元视角,运用过程挖掘和认知网络分析方法,对协同创作过程中不同阶段、不同水平学习者的研讨话语数据进行深入挖掘,分析学习者内隐的行为与认知,揭示其知识建构特征与规律。结果表明:(1)从行为视角看,社交和共享型行为是知识建构的核心活动;高分组知识建构发展遵循“共享-冲突-协商-共识”规律,低分组在对话中的探索、协商行为难以推进知识建构交互层次;当出现认知冲突时,高分组易同化同伴观点,而低分组易顺应同伴观点。(2)从认知视角看,随着知识建构的深入,高阶思维和深层理解逐渐凸显,认知结构随时间多元化发展,但“分析-关联结构”始终保持为基础路径,且活动中期是高、低分组学习者认知发展分水岭。分析学习者的知识建构特征有助于教育工作者更好地诊断学习者协作过程中存在的潜在问题,从而调整教学策略以促进其知识构建过程。