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15 nm Bulk nFinFET器件性能研究及参数优化
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作者 侯天昊 范杰清 +3 位作者 赵强 张芳 郝建红 董志伟 《强激光与粒子束》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第3期92-99,共8页
为研究Bulk FinFET工作时基本结构参数、器件温度和栅极材料对其性能的影响,建立了一个15 nm n型Bulk FinFET器件模型,仿真分析了不同栅长、鳍宽、鳍高、沟道掺杂浓度、器件工作温度、栅极材料对器件性能的影响,发现增长栅长、降低鳍宽... 为研究Bulk FinFET工作时基本结构参数、器件温度和栅极材料对其性能的影响,建立了一个15 nm n型Bulk FinFET器件模型,仿真分析了不同栅长、鳍宽、鳍高、沟道掺杂浓度、器件工作温度、栅极材料对器件性能的影响,发现增长栅长、降低鳍宽和增加鳍高有助于抑制短沟道效应;1×10^(17)cm^(-3)以下的低沟道掺杂浓度对器件特性影响不大,但高掺杂会使器件失效;器件工作温度的升高会导致器件性能的下降;采用高K介质材料作为栅极器件性能优于传统材料SiO_(2)。 展开更多
关键词 bulk FinFET 短沟道效应 器件性能 参数优化 栅极材料
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袋型阻尼密封动力学特性双控制体Bulk Flow模型
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作者 桂佳强 李志刚 李军 《西安交通大学学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第7期26-38,共13页
为快速准确预测袋型阻尼密封泄漏特性和动力学特性,针对传统单控制体Bulk Flow模型预测精度低、无法预测交叉动力系数的问题,提出了袋型阻尼密封双控制体Bulk Flow模型和动力学特性数值预测方法,并开发了计算程序。首先,依据边界层理论... 为快速准确预测袋型阻尼密封泄漏特性和动力学特性,针对传统单控制体Bulk Flow模型预测精度低、无法预测交叉动力系数的问题,提出了袋型阻尼密封双控制体Bulk Flow模型和动力学特性数值预测方法,并开发了计算程序。首先,依据边界层理论,将袋型密封腔室划分为两个控制体,推导了控制体的连续性、周向动量和能量方程,引入Swamee-Jain和Takahashi方程,计算流体-壁面间和流体-流体间的周向黏性摩擦力;其次,采用牛顿-拉夫森算法和摄动分析法分别求解0阶和1阶控制方程,获得各刚度、阻尼动力特性系数;然后,通过与袋型阻尼密封泄漏量和动力特性系数的实验值、单控制体Bulk Flow模型和非定常计算流体动力学(CFD)数值结果进行比较,验证了模型和方法的准确性和可靠性;最后,研究了转子转速(10 000、15 000、20 000 r/min)和预旋比(0.067、0.724、0.997)对袋型阻尼密封动力学特性的影响。结果表明:所发展的模型和方法具有计算速度快、预测精度高(泄漏量预测误差小于6%,动力特性系数预测误差小于38%)的优点;转子转速和进口预旋的增大均会导致袋型阻尼密封有效阻尼显著减小,穿越频率显著增大,易诱发轴系失稳。 展开更多
关键词 袋型阻尼密封 泄漏特性 动力学特性 双控制体 bulk Flow模型
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“Glass-quake”in elastically loaded bulk metallic glasses
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作者 Qi Huang Kaiguo Chen +7 位作者 Chen Liu Guisen Liu Yang Shao Chenlong Zhao Ran Chen Hengtong Bu Lingti Kong Yao Shen 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第11期367-371,共5页
Amorphous solids exhibit scale-free avalanches,even under small external loading,and thus can work as suitable systems to study critical behavior and universality classes.The abundance of scale-free avalanches in the ... Amorphous solids exhibit scale-free avalanches,even under small external loading,and thus can work as suitable systems to study critical behavior and universality classes.The abundance of scale-free avalanches in the entire elastic tension regime of bulk metallic glass(BMG)samples has been experimentally observed using acoustic emission(AE)measurements.In this work,we compare the statistics of avalanches with those of earthquakes,and find that they both follow the Gutenberg–Richter law in the statistics of energies and Omori’s law of aftershock rates,and share the same characteristics in the distribution of recurrence times.These resemblances encourage us to propose the term“glass-quake”to describe avalanches in elastically loaded BMGs.Furthermore,our work echoes the potential universality of critical behavior in disordered physical systems from atomic to planetary scales,and motivates the use of elastic loaded BMGs as valuable laboratory simulators of seismic dynamics. 展开更多
关键词 bulk metallic glass AVALANCHE EARTHQUAKE disorder system time series
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Bulk geochemistry,Rb-Sr,Sm-Nd,and stable O-H isotope systematics of the Metzimevin high-grade iron ore deposit,Mbalam iron ore district,southern Cameroon
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作者 Samndong Cyril Tufoin Cheo Emmanuel Suh +1 位作者 Tabod Charles Tabod George Lemewihbwen Ngiamte 《Acta Geochimica》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期677-706,共30页
Bulk geochemistry,Sr,Nd,and O-H isotope systematics are reported for the first time on banded iron formation(BIF)-hosted high-grade iron ore at the northwestern segment of Congo Craton(CC).Located in Mbalam iron ore d... Bulk geochemistry,Sr,Nd,and O-H isotope systematics are reported for the first time on banded iron formation(BIF)-hosted high-grade iron ore at the northwestern segment of Congo Craton(CC).Located in Mbalam iron ore district,Southern Cameroon,Metzimevin iron ore deposit is a hematite-magnetite BIF system,dominated by SiO_(2)+Fe_(2)O_(3)(97.1 to 99.84 wt%),with low concentrations of clastic elements e.g.,Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and HFSE,depicting a nearly pure chemical precipitate.The REE+Y signature of the iron deposit displays strong positive Eu anomaly,strong negative Ce anomaly,and chondritic to superchondritic Y/Ho ratios,suggestive of formation by mixed seawater-high temperature hydrothermal fluids in oxidising environment.The^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios of the BIF are higher than the maximum^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr evolution curves for all Archean reservoirs(bulk silicate earth,Archean crust and Archean seawater),indicating involvement of continentally-derived components during BIF formation and alteration.TheƐ_(Nd)(t)(+2.26 to+3.77)and Nd model age indicate that chemical constituents for the BIF were derived from undifferentiated crustal source,between 3.002 and 2.88 Ga.The variable and diverse O and H isotope data(−1.9‰to 17.3‰and−57‰to 136‰respectively)indicate that the Metzimevin iron ore formed initially from magmatic plumes and later enriched by magmatic-metamorphic-modified meteoric fluids.Mass balance calculations indicate mineralisation by combined leaching and precipitation,with an average iron enrichment factor of>2.67 and SiO_(2)depletion factor of>0.99.This is associated with an overall volume reduction of 28.27%,reflecting net leaching and volume collapse of the BIF protholith. 展开更多
关键词 bulk geochemistry RB-SR SM-ND Mitzimevin High-grade iron ore
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Anisotropic Band Evolution of Bulk Black Phosphorus Induced by Uniaxial Tensile Strain
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作者 邓亚丰 张艺琳 +7 位作者 赵亚飞 徐永康 代兴泽 王双海 陆显扬 黎遥 徐永兵 何亮 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期83-96,共14页
We investigate the anisotropic band structure and its evolution under tensile strains along different crystallographic directions in bulk black phosphorus(BP)using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density... We investigate the anisotropic band structure and its evolution under tensile strains along different crystallographic directions in bulk black phosphorus(BP)using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory.The results show that there are band crossings in the Z-L(armchair)direction. 展开更多
关键词 DIRECTIONS bulk PHOSPHORUS
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A bulk extraction method to determine the stable isotope ratios of iron,nickel,copper,zinc,and cadmium in seawater using multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
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作者 Zhan Shen Yuncong Ge +3 位作者 Jiahui Liu Wenkai Guan Wenfeng Hu Ruifeng Zhang 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第7期125-137,共13页
The oceanic trace metals iron(Fe),nickel(Ni),copper(Cu),zinc(Zn),and cadmium(Cd)are crucial to marine phytoplankton growth and global carbon cycle,and the analysis of their stable isotopes can provide valuable insight... The oceanic trace metals iron(Fe),nickel(Ni),copper(Cu),zinc(Zn),and cadmium(Cd)are crucial to marine phytoplankton growth and global carbon cycle,and the analysis of their stable isotopes can provide valuable insights into their biogeochemical cycles within the ocean.However,the simultaneous isotopic analysis of multiple elements present in seawater is challenging because of their low concentrations,limited volumes of the test samples,and high salt matrix.In this study,we present the novel method developed for the simultaneous analysis of five isotope systems by 1 L seawater sample.In the developed method,the NOBIAS Chelate-PA1 resin was used to extract metals from seawater,the AG MP-1M anion-exchange resin to purify Cu,Fe,Zn,Cd,and the NOBIAS Chelate-PA1 resin to further extract Ni from the matrix elements.Finally,a multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscope(MC-ICPMS)was employed for the isotopic measurements using a doublespike technique or sample-standard bracketing combined with internal normalization.This method exhibited low total procedural blanks(0.04 pg,0.04 pg,0.21 pg,0.15 pg,and 3 pg for Ni,Cu,Fe,Zn,and Cd,respectively)and high extraction efficiencies(100.5%±0.3%,100.2%±0.5%,97.8%±1.4%,99.9%±0.8%,and 100.1%±0.2%for Ni,Cu,Fe,Zn,and Cd,respectively).The external errors and external precisions of this method could be considered negligible.The proposed method was further tested on the seawater samples obtained from the whole vertical profile of a water column during the Chinese GEOTRACES GP09 cruise in the Northwest Pacific,and the results showed good agreement with previous related data.This innovative method will contribute to the advancement of isotope research and enhance our understanding of the marine biogeochemical cycling of Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,and Cd. 展开更多
关键词 trace metal stable isotopes seawater bulk extraction
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Thermodynamics-directed bulk/grain-boundary engineering for superior electrochemical durability of Ni-rich cathode
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作者 Kangyu Zou Mingzhu jiang +5 位作者 Tianxiang Ning Lei Tan Junchao Zheng Jiexi Wang Xiaobo Ji Lingjun Li 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第10期321-331,I0006,共12页
Introducing high-valence Ta element is an essential strategy for addressing the structu ral deterioration of the Ni-rich LiNi_(1-x-y)Co_(x)Mn_(y)O_(2)(NCM)cathode,but the enlarged Li/Ni cation mixing leads to the infe... Introducing high-valence Ta element is an essential strategy for addressing the structu ral deterioration of the Ni-rich LiNi_(1-x-y)Co_(x)Mn_(y)O_(2)(NCM)cathode,but the enlarged Li/Ni cation mixing leads to the inferior rate capability originating from the hindered Li~+migration.Note that the non-magnetic Ti~(4+)ion can suppress Li/Ni disorder by removing the magnetic frustration in the transition metal layer.However,it is still challenging to directionally design expected Ta/Ti dual-modification,resulting from the complexity of the elemental distribution and the uncertainty of in-situ formed coating compounds by introducing foreign elements.Herein,a LiTaO_3 grain boundary(GB)coating and bulk Ti-doping have been successfully achieved in LiNi_(0.834)Co_(0.11)Mn_(0.056)O_(2) cathode by thermodynamic guidance,in which the structural formation energy and interfacial binding energy are employed to predict the elemental diffusion discrepancy and thermodynamically stable coating compounds.Thanks to the coupling effect of strengthened structural/interfacial stability and improved Li~+diffusion kinetics by simultaneous bulk/GB engineering,the Ta/Ti-NCM cathode exhibits outstanding capacity retention,reaching 91.1%after 400 cycles at 1 C.This elaborate work contributes valuable insights into rational dual-modification engineering from a thermodynamic perspective for maximizing the electrochemical performances of NCM cathodes. 展开更多
关键词 Ni-rich layered cathode Dual-modification Grain boundary coating bulk doping Thermodynamic perspective
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Bulked Segregant RNA-Seq Analysis of Pollinated Pistils Reveals Genes Influencing Spikelet Fertility in Rice
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作者 Kanokwan KAEWMUNGKUN Keasinee TONGMARK +3 位作者 Sriprapai CHAKHONKAEN Numphet SANGARWUT Theerachai THANANANTA Amorntip MUANGPROM 《Rice science》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第5期556-571,I0031-I0056,共42页
Prezygotic isolation is important for successful fertilization in rice, significantly affecting yield. This study focused on F_(5:6) generation plants derived from inter-subspecific crosses(Nipponbare × KDML105) ... Prezygotic isolation is important for successful fertilization in rice, significantly affecting yield. This study focused on F_(5:6) generation plants derived from inter-subspecific crosses(Nipponbare × KDML105) with low(LS) and high seed-setting rates(HS), in which normal pollen fertility was observed. However, LS plants showed a reduced number of pollen grains adhering to the stigma and fewer pollen tubes reaching the ovules at 4-5 h post-pollination, compared with HS plants. Bulked segregant RNA-Seq analysis of pollinated pistils from the HS and LS groups revealed 249 and 473 differentially expressed genes(DEGs), respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis of the HS and LS-specific DEGs indicated enrichment in metabolic pathways, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and flavonoid biosynthesis. Several of these DEGs exhibited co-expression with pollen development genes and formed extensive clusters of co-expression networks. Compared with LS pistils, enzyme genes controlling pectin degradation, such as OsPME35 and OsPLL9, showed similar expression patterns, with higher levels in HS pistils pre-pollination. Os02g0467600, similar to cinnamate 4-hydroxylase gene(CYP73), involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, displayed higher expression in HS pistils post-pollination. Our findings suggest that OsPME35, OsPLL9, and Os02g0467600 contribute to prezygotic isolation by potentially modifying the stigma cell wall(OsPME35 and OsPLL9) and controlling later processes such as pollen-stigma adhesion(Os02g0467600) genes. Furthermore, several DEGs specific to HS and LS were co-localized with QTLs and functional genes associated with spikelet fertility. These findings provide valuable insights for further research on rice spikelet fertility, ultimately contributing to the development of high-yielding rice varieties. 展开更多
关键词 bulked segregant RNA-Seq flavonoid inter-subspecific cross PECTIN pollinated pistil prezygotic barrier spikelet fertility
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Comparison of a Spectral Bin and Two Multi-Moment Bulk Microphysics Schemes for Supercell Simulation:Investigation into Key Processes Responsible for Hydrometeor Distributions and Precipitation
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作者 Marcus JOHNSON Ming XUE Youngsun JUNG 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第5期784-800,共17页
There are more uncertainties with ice hydrometeor representations and related processes than liquid hydrometeors within microphysics parameterization(MP)schemes because of their complicated geometries and physical pro... There are more uncertainties with ice hydrometeor representations and related processes than liquid hydrometeors within microphysics parameterization(MP)schemes because of their complicated geometries and physical properties.Idealized supercell simulations are produced using the WRF model coupled with“full”Hebrew University spectral bin MP(HU-SBM),and NSSL and Thompson bulk MP(BMP)schemes.HU-SBM downdrafts are typically weaker than those of the NSSL and Thompson simulations,accompanied by less rain evaporation.HU-SBM produces more cloud ice(plates),graupel,and hail than the BMPs,yet precipitates less at the surface.The limiting mass bins(and subsequently,particle size)of rimed ice in HU-SBM and slower rimed ice fall speeds lead to smaller melting-level net rimed ice fluxes than those of the BMPs.Aggregation from plates in HU-SBM,together with snow–graupel collisions,leads to a greater snow contribution to rain than those of the BMPs.Replacing HU-SBM’s fall speeds using the formulations of the BMPs after aggregating the discrete bin values to mass mixing ratios and total number concentrations increases net rain and rimed ice fluxes.Still,they are smaller in magnitude than bulk rain,NSSL hail,and Thompson graupel net fluxes near the surface.Conversely,the melting-layer net rimed ice fluxes are reduced when the fall speeds for the NSSL and Thompson simulations are calculated using HU-SBM fall speed formulations after discretizing the bulk particle size distributions(PSDs)into spectral bins.The results highlight precipitation sensitivity to storm dynamics,fall speed,hydrometeor evolution governed by process rates,and MP PSD design. 展开更多
关键词 PRECIPITATION spectral bin microphysics bulk microphysics parameterization microphysics processes WRF model supercell storm
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Understanding the correlation between energy-state mismatching and open-circuit voltage loss in bulk heterojunction solar cells
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作者 Hyun-Seock Yang Danbi Kim +7 位作者 Chang-Mok Oh Vellaiappillai Tamilavan Pesi MHangoma Hojun Yi Bo RLee Insoo Shin In-Wook Hwang Sung Heum Park 《Carbon Energy》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期164-174,共11页
Photoinduced intermolecular charge transfer(PICT)determines the voltage loss in bulk heterojunction(BHJ)organic photovoltaics(OPVs),and this voltage loss can be minimized by inducing efficient PICT,which requires ener... Photoinduced intermolecular charge transfer(PICT)determines the voltage loss in bulk heterojunction(BHJ)organic photovoltaics(OPVs),and this voltage loss can be minimized by inducing efficient PICT,which requires energy-state matching between the donor and acceptor at the BHJ interfaces.Thus,both geometrically and energetically accessible delocalized state matching at the hot energy level is crucial for achieving efficient PICT.In this study,an effective method for quantifying the hot state matching of OPVs was developed.The degree of energy-state matching between the electron donor and acceptor at BHJ interfaces was quantified using a mismatching factor(MF)calculated from the modified optical density of the BHJ.Furthermore,the correlation between the open-circuit voltage(Voc)of the OPV device and energy-state matching at the BHJ interface was investigated using the calculated MF.The OPVs with small absolute MF values exhibited high Voc values.This result clearly indicates that the energy-state matching between the donor and acceptor is crucial for achieving a high Voc in OPVs.Because the MF indicates the degree of energy-state matching,which is a critical factor for suppressing energy loss,it can be used to estimate the Voc loss in OPVs. 展开更多
关键词 bulk heterojunction open circuit voltage organic photovoltaics photoinduced charge transfer voltage loss
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单细胞测序与Bulk RNA测序联合分析构建膀胱癌风险预后模型
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作者 李自智 李俊义 +1 位作者 曹庆飞 佟明 《锦州医科大学学报》 CAS 2024年第2期30-39,共10页
目的本研究致力于开发一种基于膀胱癌核心细胞差异性表达基因的预后风险评估模型。通过在多个数据集中验证其效力,旨在为膀胱癌患者提供一个新的临床应用工具,用于预后风险评估。方法本研究综合利用了单细胞和Bulk RNA测序数据。我们首... 目的本研究致力于开发一种基于膀胱癌核心细胞差异性表达基因的预后风险评估模型。通过在多个数据集中验证其效力,旨在为膀胱癌患者提供一个新的临床应用工具,用于预后风险评估。方法本研究综合利用了单细胞和Bulk RNA测序数据。我们首先从GEO数据库下载并分析了相关的膀胱癌单细胞和芯片RNA数据集。通过生物信息学方法,我们鉴定了核心细胞的差异性表达基因,并对其进行了功能及通路富集分析。基于这些分析,我们使用单变量和多变量Cox回归方法筛选出与膀胱癌预后显著相关的关键基因,并据此构建了一个预后风险评估模型。该模型在TCGA-BLCA数据集中进一步进行了效力验证。结果经过全面的生物信息学分析,我们鉴定出了223个核心细胞的差异性表达基因。这些基因在细胞外基质的结构和功能方面发挥着重要作用。构建的预后风险评估模型包括5个独立的预后相关基因(MFAP5、PDE4D、ISG15、ADAMTS1和FGL2)。在GEO和TCGA-BLCA数据集中的验证结果表明,该模型具有良好的预测效力,为膀胱癌患者的预后评估提供新型生物学标志工具。结论本研究成功开发了一个基于5个关键基因标志物的膀胱癌预后风险评估模型并具有良好的预测效力。此模型的开发为膀胱癌的生物学研究和临床预后评估提供了一个新的工具,有助于更好地理解膀胱癌的生物学特性并指导患者的个性化治疗。 展开更多
关键词 膀胱癌 单细胞RNA测序 bulk RNA测序 预后风险评估模型 生物信息学分析
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基于Bulk MicroMegas探测器的高能中子束空间分布测量 被引量:1
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作者 智宇 李沛玉 +15 位作者 陈雷 宋金兴 孙鹏飞 周静 赵明锐 贾世海 吝守龙 卢志永 邓桂华 靳尚泰 焦听雨 李世垚 秦茜 李玮 胡守扬 李笑梅 《航天器环境工程》 CSCD 北大核心 2023年第3期276-282,共7页
为验证中国原子能科学研究院(CIAE)自研的100 MeV回旋加速器中的高能中子束是否符合设计要求,利用自研的Bulk MicroMegas微结构气体探测器对该加速器中子场的空间分布进行了首次试验测量。首先通过模拟计算得到不同厚度聚乙烯(PE)转化... 为验证中国原子能科学研究院(CIAE)自研的100 MeV回旋加速器中的高能中子束是否符合设计要求,利用自研的Bulk MicroMegas微结构气体探测器对该加速器中子场的空间分布进行了首次试验测量。首先通过模拟计算得到不同厚度聚乙烯(PE)转化膜对不同能量高能中子的转化效率、反冲质子的动能谱与角通量谱、反冲质子在Bulk MicroMegas气体探测器内的沉积能量谱以及中子与探测器结构物质反应产物占比等;然后利用Bulk MicroMegas探测器测量该回旋加速器产生的高能中子场在不同能量和距离处28个点位的中子通量分布,并根据通量分布计算中子束斑半径。结果表明,Bulk MicroMegas微结构气体探测器可以实现对高能中子场束斑边界成像,中子通量随束斑半径的变化关系符合常见束斑边界拟合函数;束斑半径测量结果与模拟计算结果接近。 展开更多
关键词 中子束斑测量 bulk MicroMegas气体探测器 聚乙烯转化膜 回旋加速器 模拟计算
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四种充填材料修复根面龋临床效果的对比研究
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作者 李锐 季夕萌 +2 位作者 刘曙 王振川 徐晓岚 《交通医学》 2024年第4期397-399,共3页
目的:比较Fuji IX GP玻璃离子水门汀、3M ESPE Filtek^(TM) Bulk Fill Flowable树脂、VOCO Polofil Supra树脂及Beautiful Flow Plus F03树脂修复根面龋的临床疗效。方法:选取后牙根面龋患者128例(422颗患牙),按照充填修复材料分为A组(F... 目的:比较Fuji IX GP玻璃离子水门汀、3M ESPE Filtek^(TM) Bulk Fill Flowable树脂、VOCO Polofil Supra树脂及Beautiful Flow Plus F03树脂修复根面龋的临床疗效。方法:选取后牙根面龋患者128例(422颗患牙),按照充填修复材料分为A组(Fuji IX GP玻璃离子水门汀修复)34例、B组(3M ESPE Filtek^(TM) Bulk Fill Flowable树脂修复)29例、C组(VOCO Polofil Supra树脂修复)35例、D组(Beautiful Flow Plus F03树脂修复)30例。手术治疗后随访6个月,比较4组患者牙髓活力、材料密合性、充填物表面磨损及充填物完好性情况。结果:术后6个月,4组患者牙髓活力均正常。A组、B组、C组、D组材料密合性好的患牙占比分别为75.49%、90.74%、88.57%、97.20%,A组低于B组、C组、D组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组与D组、C组与D组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),B、C组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组、B组、C组、D组充填物表面无磨损的患牙占比分别为77.45%、95.37%、94.29%、99.07%,A组占比低于B组、C组及D组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组与C组、B组与D组、C组与D组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组、B组、C组、D组充填物完好的患牙占比分别为91.18%、97.22%、97.14%、99.07%,A组占比低于D组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其他组之间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:4种材料对牙髓活力均无影响,树脂类材料在密合性、表面磨损情况以及完好性上均优于Fuji IX GP玻璃离子水门汀。三种树脂类材料中Beautiful Flow Plus F03在密闭性方面优于其他两种树脂。 展开更多
关键词 Fuji IX GP玻璃离子水门汀 3M ESPE Filtek^(TM)bulk fill Flowable树脂 VOCO Polofil Supra树脂 Beautiful Flow Plus F03树脂 根面龋 密合性 表面磨损 完好性
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Mixed Cations Enabled Combined Bulk and Interfacial Passivation for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells 被引量:2
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作者 Pengfei Wu Shirong Wang +4 位作者 Jin Hyuck Heo Hongli Liu Xihan Chen Xianggao Li Fei Zhang 《Nano-Micro Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第8期116-127,共12页
Here,we report a mixed GAI and MAI(MGM)treatment method by forming a 2D alternating-cation-interlayer(ACI)phase(n=2)perovskite layer on the 3D perovskite,modulating the bulk and interfacial defects in the perovskite f... Here,we report a mixed GAI and MAI(MGM)treatment method by forming a 2D alternating-cation-interlayer(ACI)phase(n=2)perovskite layer on the 3D perovskite,modulating the bulk and interfacial defects in the perovskite films simultaneously,leading to the suppressed nonradiative recombination,longer lifetime,higher mobility,and reduced trap density.Consequently,the devices’performance is enhanced to 24.5%and 18.7%for 0.12 and 64 cm^(2),respectively.In addition,the MGM treatment can be applied to a wide range of perovskite compositions,including MA-,FA-,MAFA-,and CsFAMA-based lead halide perovskites,making it a general method for preparing efficient perovskite solar cells.Without encapsulation,the treated devices show improved stabilities. 展开更多
关键词 Alternating-cation-interlayer bulk defects Interfacial passivation Perovskite solar cells
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A review on developing high-performance ZE41 magnesium alloy by using bulk deformation and surface modification methods 被引量:2
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作者 Subrat Kumar Baral Manjusha M.Thawre +1 位作者 B.Ratna Sunil Ravikumar Dumpala 《Journal of Magnesium and Alloys》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第3期776-800,共25页
Magnesium(Mg)alloys are generally used in light-weight structural applications due to their higher specific strength.However,the usage of these Mg alloys is limited due to their poor formability at room temperature,wh... Magnesium(Mg)alloys are generally used in light-weight structural applications due to their higher specific strength.However,the usage of these Mg alloys is limited due to their poor formability at room temperature,which is attributed to lower count of slip systems associated with the hcp crystal structure.To address these limitations,several new magnesium alloys and also many processing strategies have been developed and reported in the literature.ZE41 Mg is an alloy with significant quantities of zinc(Zn)and rare earth(RE)elements and has emerged as a promising material for aerospace,automotive,electronics,biomedical and many other industries.To make this alloy more competitive and viable,it should possess better mechanical and corrosion properties.Hence,the current paper reviews the effect of bulk mechanical processing on grain refinement,microstructural modification,and corresponding changes in the mechanical behaviour of ZE41Mg alloy.Further,the effect of various surface modification techniques on altering the surface microstructure and surface properties such as wear and corrosion are also briefly summarized and presented.This review also discusses the challenges and the future perspectives in developing high-performing ZE41 Mg alloys. 展开更多
关键词 ZE41 magnesium alloy bulk deformation Surface modification Mechanical properties WEAR Corrosion
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Diffusionless-Like Transformation Unlocks Pseudocapacitance with Bulk Utilization: Reinventing Fe_(2)O_(3) in Alkaline Electrolyte 被引量:2
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作者 Taowen Dong Wencai Yi +10 位作者 Ting Deng Tingting Qin Xianyu Chu He Yang Lirong Zheng Seung Jo Yoo Jin-Gyu Kim Zizhun Wang Yan Wang Wei Zhang Weitao Zheng 《Energy & Environmental Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第1期145-154,共10页
Energy density can be substantially raised and even maximized if the bulk of an electrode material is fully utilized.Transition metal oxides based on conversion reaction mechanism are the imperative choice due to eith... Energy density can be substantially raised and even maximized if the bulk of an electrode material is fully utilized.Transition metal oxides based on conversion reaction mechanism are the imperative choice due to either constructing nanostructure or intercalation pseudocapacitance with their intrinsic limitations.However,the fully bulk utilization of transition metal oxides is hindered by the poor understanding of atomic-level conversion reaction mechanism,particularly it is largely missing at clarifying how the phase transformation(conversion reaction)determines the electrochemical performance such as power density and cyclic stability.Herein,α-Fe_(2)O_(3) is a case provided to claim how the diffusional and diffusionless transformation determine the electrochemical behaviors,as of its conversion reaction mechanism with fully bulk utilization in alkaline electrolyte.Specifically,the discharge productα-FeOOH diffusional from Fe(OH)2 is structurally identified as the atomic-level arch criminal for its cyclic stability deterioration,whereas the counterpartδ-FeOOH is theoretically diffusionless-like,unlocking the full potential of the pseudocapacitance with fully bulk utilization.Thus,such pseudocapacitance,in proof-of-concept and termed as conversion pseudocapacitance,is achieved via diffusionless-like transformation.This work not only provides an atomic-level perspective to reassess the potential electrochemical performance of the transition metal oxides electrode materials based on conversion reaction mechanism but also debuts a new paradigm for pseudocapacitance. 展开更多
关键词 bulk utilization conversion pseudocapacitance diffusionless transformation Fe_(2)O_(3) phase transformation
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Efficient Flexible M-Tree Bulk Loading Using FastMap and Space-Filling Curves
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作者 Woong-Kee Loh 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2021年第2期1251-1267,共17页
Many database applications currently deal with objects in a metric space.Examples of such objects include unstructured multimedia objects and points of interest(POIs)in a road network.The M-tree is a dynamic index str... Many database applications currently deal with objects in a metric space.Examples of such objects include unstructured multimedia objects and points of interest(POIs)in a road network.The M-tree is a dynamic index structure that facilitates an efficient search for objects in a metric space.Studies have been conducted on the bulk loading of large datasets in an M-tree.However,because previous algorithms involve excessive distance computations and disk accesses,they perform poorly in terms of their index construction and search capability.This study proposes two efficient M-tree bulk loading algorithms.Our algorithms minimize the number of distance computations and disk accesses using FastMap and a space-filling curve,thereby significantly improving the index construction and search performance.Our second algorithm is an extension of the first,and it incorporates a partitioning clustering technique and flexible node architecture to further improve the search performance.Through the use of various synthetic and real-world datasets,the experimental results demonstrated that our algorithms improved the index construction performance by up to three orders of magnitude and the search performance by up to 20.3 times over the previous algorithm. 展开更多
关键词 M-tree metric space bulk loading FastMap space-filling curve
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Properties of a Bulk-Fill Flowable Composite Resin with High Depth of Cure
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作者 Rimi Gill Brian J. Millar Sanjukta Deb 《Open Journal of Stomatology》 2017年第9期377-387,共11页
Introduction: Dental composite resin materials are being increasingly used for a variety of purposes and more recently as a dentine replacement material. Objectives: SDR (Dentsply) is a flowable, high-resin composite ... Introduction: Dental composite resin materials are being increasingly used for a variety of purposes and more recently as a dentine replacement material. Objectives: SDR (Dentsply) is a flowable, high-resin composite material designed to minimise the effect of the high shrinkage through the use of a flexible monomer. However the resultant properties of this material may be a factor that affects the clinical performance. Methods: Tests were carried out on SDR and two other commonly used resin-based composite materials (Herculite XRV, Kerr and Spectrum TPH, Dentsply) including: depth of cure according to ISO 4049, degree of cure using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), compressive strength using a Universal testing Machine, water uptake, interaction with Coca-ColaTM and analysis of thermal transitions using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Results: SDR exhibited a high depth of cure at 4.0 mm and no difference in degree of cure in comparison with the other two dental composites. Compressive strength results varied between materials but were significantly lower for SDR (P < 0.05). Water uptake was similar for all materials but elution was significantly greater for SDR and interaction with Coca-Cola showed greatest change for SDR. Conclusions: There are some statistically significant variations between the physical properties of the materials which are attributed to the monomer type and lower amount of filler in the flowable composite that may explain the published clinical outcomes. 展开更多
关键词 Comoposite bulk-fill SDR PROPERTIES
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Damage and Fatigue Failure of Conventional and Bulk-Filled Resin Composites
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作者 Rana Alkattan Subir Banerji Sanjukta Deb 《Open Journal of Stomatology》 2022年第2期62-76,共15页
Objectives: Resin-based composites are the most widely used dental restorative materials. Bulk-fill resin composites are of rising interest as they can be clinically applied in thicker increments compared to conventio... Objectives: Resin-based composites are the most widely used dental restorative materials. Bulk-fill resin composites are of rising interest as they can be clinically applied in thicker increments compared to conventional composites. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the flexural fatigue strength of a conventional and bulk-filled resin composite placed incrementally or non-incrementally. Methods: Resin composite specimens were fabricated using either a conventional (Brilliant EverGlow?) or a bulk-fill (Fill-Up!<sup>TM</sup>) resin composite by either non-incremental filling (2 × 2 × 25 mm<sup>3</sup>) or in increments of (1 × 2 × 25 mm<sup>3</sup>). Specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 h or thermocycled for 5000 cycles. The static flexural strength (σ), flexural fatigue limit (FFL) after 105 cycles and post-fatigue flexural strength (PFσ) were measured. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, with a post-hoc Tukey’s test to compare mean FFL (p σ and PFσ compared to conventional composites regardless of incremental cure or thermocycling (p σ and FFL for conventional composites but not bulk-filled composites. There was no significant difference in PFσ compared to σ after 24 h storage, but a significant increase in PFσ after thermocycling (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The type of composite rather than incremental placement had a greater effect on flexural strength, suggesting that operator placement technique had less influence than material selection. Thermocycling in combination with cyclic loading caused a strengthening effect in the composites, likely due to the absorption and dissipation of stresses, thereby enhancing resistance to fracture. 展开更多
关键词 Cyclic Fatigue Flexural Fatigue Limit Flexural Strength bulk-fill Resin Composite Incremental Layering
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The Effect of Different Filling Methods on the Microleakage of the Tooth Edge after Bulk Resin Filling
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作者 Xin Gao Jing Di 《Proceedings of Anticancer Research》 2020年第6期13-15,共3页
Objective:Analyzing the influence of different filling methods on the microleakage of posterior teeth during the treatment of bulk resin filling.Methods:From January 2019 to January 2020,68 patients with posterior too... Objective:Analyzing the influence of different filling methods on the microleakage of posterior teeth during the treatment of bulk resin filling.Methods:From January 2019 to January 2020,68 patients with posterior tooth filling(123 teeth)in our hospital were selected and randomly assigned into three groups(A,B,and C),with 41 teeth in each group.Group A received bulk posterior teeth filling resin treatment,group B received Charisma®resin filling treatment and group C received FX-Ⅱfilling treatment.The curative effect and microleakage of posterior teeth between the groups were compared.Results:Comparison of treatment efficiency in group A(97.56%),group B(85.37%)and group C(73.17%)shows that P<0.05;comparison of microleakage value and operation time of group A,group B and group C shows that P<0.05.Conclusions:In resin filling treatment,bulk posterior tooth filling resin material should be selected for its high hardness,strong edge adhesion,and natural effects. 展开更多
关键词 bulk resin filling Edge of posterior teeth Microleakage effect
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