Trichinosis is among the most common food-borne parasitic zoonoses in Thailand and many outbreaks are reported each year. This paper investigates the distribution of the disease in regions of north, north-east, centra...Trichinosis is among the most common food-borne parasitic zoonoses in Thailand and many outbreaks are reported each year. This paper investigates the distribution of the disease in regions of north, north-east, central and south Thailand. Between the earliest recorded of outbreak of trichinosis in Mae Hong Son Province in 1962 and 2006, there have been 135 outbreaks involving 7340 patients and 97 deaths in Thailand. The highest number of cases, 557, was recorded in 1983. Most infected patients were in the 35-44 year age group, and the disease occurred more frequently in men than women during 1962-2003, with no significant sex difference during 2004-2006. Outbreaks were most common in the northern areas, especially in rural areas where raw and under-cooked pork and/or wild animals are eaten. Human infections occur annually in northern Thailand during communal feasts celebrating the Thai New Year. Trichinosis causes have been reported every year, supporting the need for planning education programs.展开更多
Zoonosis is an important factor affecting human economic development and population mortality. This paper introduces a general model of zoonosis, in which the diseases can only be transmitted from animals to humans, s...Zoonosis is an important factor affecting human economic development and population mortality. This paper introduces a general model of zoonosis, in which the diseases can only be transmitted from animals to humans, such as rabies, brucellosis and so on. The basic reproduction number R0 is derived. And then the global stability of the disease-free equilibrium and endemic equilibrium models is analyzed by using the method of comparison principle and Lyapunov function. Next, a numerical analysis is performed to elaborate the consistency of theoretical and numerical results and to prove the practical significance of zoonosis research. The numerical results show that our models are applicable to zoonosis with animal size larger than or smaller than population size. Finally, in order to see the most important factor for the epidemic of zoonosis a sensitive analysis is analyzed.展开更多
戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E virus,HEV)是一种主要通过粪-口途径传播的人兽共患病病原,被认为是引起人类急性肝炎的主要原因之一。HEV可被分为8种基因型,各基因型的分布与地域和工业化水平有关,其中HEV-3与HEV-4具有人兽共患的传播能力,...戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E virus,HEV)是一种主要通过粪-口途径传播的人兽共患病病原,被认为是引起人类急性肝炎的主要原因之一。HEV可被分为8种基因型,各基因型的分布与地域和工业化水平有关,其中HEV-3与HEV-4具有人兽共患的传播能力,能造成人类和各种动物宿主的感染。除人类外,猪是HEV最常见的宿主,随着研究的深入,发现HEV的宿主呈现多样性,包括牛、羊、鹿、兔和骆驼等多种动物,且各动物宿主之间存在跨物种传播的可能。HEV的跨物种传播是在人类和动物宿主频繁交流的过程中,通过适应性进化而形成的,受到宿主细胞受体和细胞因子的特异性差异限制。HEV基因重组有利于适应宿主的新毒株出现,也可能促进新的传播途径,从而促进HEV跨物种传播。通过对HEV传播途径的研究发现,基因型不同,传播途径也有所差异,而食用携带HEV的动物产品,特别是未煮熟的动物产品是造成人类感染HEV-3和HEV-4的主要原因。此外,水源的污染、职业暴露、输血与器官移植同样是HEV的重要传播途径。针对各种潜在的传播途径,可采取相关的防控手段对HEV进行预防,包括对动物食品进行充分的加热以灭活HEV、对水源进行消毒和净化、做好职业防护和疫苗注射等。为更好地了解和掌握HEV的流行规律,各地应加强对HEV的监测,并制定相关的防控策略。笔者从HEV病原学、跨物种感染和防控技术等方面进行综述,以期促进人们对HEV跨物种传播的深入认识并为HEV的防控提供参考。展开更多
This letter to editor discusses and describes Zika virus IgG seropositivity rate in canine sera from endemic area.This is the first world report and it raises an urgent concern on pet,zoonosis and reservoir host regar...This letter to editor discusses and describes Zika virus IgG seropositivity rate in canine sera from endemic area.This is the first world report and it raises an urgent concern on pet,zoonosis and reservoir host regarding Zika virus.展开更多
Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have become useful tools to extend human abilities and capacities.Currently UAVs are being used for the surveillance of environmental factors related to the transmission of infectious dis...Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have become useful tools to extend human abilities and capacities.Currently UAVs are being used for the surveillance of environmental factors related to the transmission of infectious diseases.They have also been used for delivering therapeutic drugs and life-saving supplies to patients or isolated persons in extreme conditions.There have been very few applications of UAVs for disease surveillance,control and prevention to date.However,we foresee many uses for these machines in the fight against zoonotic disease.The control of zoonoses has been a big challenge as these diseases are naturally maintained in animal populations.Among 868 reported zoonoses,echinococcosis(hydatid disease)is one of the most severe public health problems and listed as one of 17 neglected tropical diseases targeted for control by the World Health Organization.Infected dogs(domestic or stray)play the most important role as definitive hosts in maintaining the transmission of echinococcosis.However,the actual contribution of wild canines to transmission has received little attention as yet,but should certainly not be ignored.This paper summarizes the history of development and application of UAVs,with an emphasis on their potential use for zoonosis control.As an example,we outline a pilot trial of echinococcosis control in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region,in which UAVs were used to deliver baits with praziquantel for wildlife deworming.The data suggested that this is a cost-effective and efficient approach to the control of zoonotic diseases transmitted among wild animal populations.展开更多
Brucella suis (B. suis) is the major cause of porcine brucellosis. Zoonosis due to B. suis infection associated with transmission by various animal species is reported. Recently an increase in brucellosis associated w...Brucella suis (B. suis) is the major cause of porcine brucellosis. Zoonosis due to B. suis infection associated with transmission by various animal species is reported. Recently an increase in brucellosis associated with feral swine transmitted B. suis infection in humans and hunting dogs is emerging. Reports on B. suis infection in carnivores including dogs is scant. This report gives a brief review of B. suis zoonosis with particular reference to B. suis infection in dogs (carnivores).展开更多
文摘Trichinosis is among the most common food-borne parasitic zoonoses in Thailand and many outbreaks are reported each year. This paper investigates the distribution of the disease in regions of north, north-east, central and south Thailand. Between the earliest recorded of outbreak of trichinosis in Mae Hong Son Province in 1962 and 2006, there have been 135 outbreaks involving 7340 patients and 97 deaths in Thailand. The highest number of cases, 557, was recorded in 1983. Most infected patients were in the 35-44 year age group, and the disease occurred more frequently in men than women during 1962-2003, with no significant sex difference during 2004-2006. Outbreaks were most common in the northern areas, especially in rural areas where raw and under-cooked pork and/or wild animals are eaten. Human infections occur annually in northern Thailand during communal feasts celebrating the Thai New Year. Trichinosis causes have been reported every year, supporting the need for planning education programs.
文摘Zoonosis is an important factor affecting human economic development and population mortality. This paper introduces a general model of zoonosis, in which the diseases can only be transmitted from animals to humans, such as rabies, brucellosis and so on. The basic reproduction number R0 is derived. And then the global stability of the disease-free equilibrium and endemic equilibrium models is analyzed by using the method of comparison principle and Lyapunov function. Next, a numerical analysis is performed to elaborate the consistency of theoretical and numerical results and to prove the practical significance of zoonosis research. The numerical results show that our models are applicable to zoonosis with animal size larger than or smaller than population size. Finally, in order to see the most important factor for the epidemic of zoonosis a sensitive analysis is analyzed.
文摘戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E virus,HEV)是一种主要通过粪-口途径传播的人兽共患病病原,被认为是引起人类急性肝炎的主要原因之一。HEV可被分为8种基因型,各基因型的分布与地域和工业化水平有关,其中HEV-3与HEV-4具有人兽共患的传播能力,能造成人类和各种动物宿主的感染。除人类外,猪是HEV最常见的宿主,随着研究的深入,发现HEV的宿主呈现多样性,包括牛、羊、鹿、兔和骆驼等多种动物,且各动物宿主之间存在跨物种传播的可能。HEV的跨物种传播是在人类和动物宿主频繁交流的过程中,通过适应性进化而形成的,受到宿主细胞受体和细胞因子的特异性差异限制。HEV基因重组有利于适应宿主的新毒株出现,也可能促进新的传播途径,从而促进HEV跨物种传播。通过对HEV传播途径的研究发现,基因型不同,传播途径也有所差异,而食用携带HEV的动物产品,特别是未煮熟的动物产品是造成人类感染HEV-3和HEV-4的主要原因。此外,水源的污染、职业暴露、输血与器官移植同样是HEV的重要传播途径。针对各种潜在的传播途径,可采取相关的防控手段对HEV进行预防,包括对动物食品进行充分的加热以灭活HEV、对水源进行消毒和净化、做好职业防护和疫苗注射等。为更好地了解和掌握HEV的流行规律,各地应加强对HEV的监测,并制定相关的防控策略。笔者从HEV病原学、跨物种感染和防控技术等方面进行综述,以期促进人们对HEV跨物种传播的深入认识并为HEV的防控提供参考。
文摘This letter to editor discusses and describes Zika virus IgG seropositivity rate in canine sera from endemic area.This is the first world report and it raises an urgent concern on pet,zoonosis and reservoir host regarding Zika virus.
基金This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC1200500)the Project of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Station for Echinococcosis Control,China CDC.
文摘Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have become useful tools to extend human abilities and capacities.Currently UAVs are being used for the surveillance of environmental factors related to the transmission of infectious diseases.They have also been used for delivering therapeutic drugs and life-saving supplies to patients or isolated persons in extreme conditions.There have been very few applications of UAVs for disease surveillance,control and prevention to date.However,we foresee many uses for these machines in the fight against zoonotic disease.The control of zoonoses has been a big challenge as these diseases are naturally maintained in animal populations.Among 868 reported zoonoses,echinococcosis(hydatid disease)is one of the most severe public health problems and listed as one of 17 neglected tropical diseases targeted for control by the World Health Organization.Infected dogs(domestic or stray)play the most important role as definitive hosts in maintaining the transmission of echinococcosis.However,the actual contribution of wild canines to transmission has received little attention as yet,but should certainly not be ignored.This paper summarizes the history of development and application of UAVs,with an emphasis on their potential use for zoonosis control.As an example,we outline a pilot trial of echinococcosis control in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region,in which UAVs were used to deliver baits with praziquantel for wildlife deworming.The data suggested that this is a cost-effective and efficient approach to the control of zoonotic diseases transmitted among wild animal populations.
文摘Brucella suis (B. suis) is the major cause of porcine brucellosis. Zoonosis due to B. suis infection associated with transmission by various animal species is reported. Recently an increase in brucellosis associated with feral swine transmitted B. suis infection in humans and hunting dogs is emerging. Reports on B. suis infection in carnivores including dogs is scant. This report gives a brief review of B. suis zoonosis with particular reference to B. suis infection in dogs (carnivores).
