Repetitive traumatic brain injury–induced complement C1–related inflammation impairs long-term hippocampal neurogenesis

Repetitive traumatic brain injury impacts adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus,leading to long-term cognitive impairment.However,the mechanism underlying this neurogenesis impairment remains unknown.In this study,we established a male mouse model of repetitive traumatic brain injury and performed long-term evaluation of neurogenesis of the hippocampal dentate gyrus after repetitive traumatic brain injury.Our results showed that repetitive traumatic brain injury inhibited neural stem cell proliferation and development,delayed neuronal maturation,and reduced the complexity of neuronal dendrites and spines.Mice with repetitive traumatic brain injuryalso showed deficits in spatial memory retrieval.Moreover,following repetitive traumatic brain injury,neuroinflammation was enhanced in the neurogenesis microenvironment where C1q levels were increased,C1q binding protein levels were decreased,and canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling was downregulated.An inhibitor of C1 reversed the long-term impairment of neurogenesis induced by repetitive traumatic brain injury and improved neurological function.These findings suggest that repetitive traumatic brain injury–induced C1-related inflammation impairs long-term neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and contributes to spatial memory retrieval dysfunction.

血清CX3CL1、CCL17与类风湿关节炎相关间质性肺疾病患者肺功能及预后的关系研究

目的分析血清C-X3-C基序趋化因子配体1(CX3CL1)、C-C基序趋化因子配体17(CCL17)与类风湿关节炎相关间质性肺疾病(RA-ILD)患者肺功能及预后的关系。方法选取2017年1月—2018年1月上海中医药大学附属龙华医院风湿科收治RA患者295例,根据是否合并ILD分为ILD组115例和非ILD组180例,根据预后情况将RA-ILD患者分为预后不良亚组和预后良好亚组。检测血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平及肺功能指标[第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))、用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV_(1)/FVC和肺一氧化碳弥散量(DLCO)]。采用Pearson相关性分析RA-ILD患者血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平与肺功能指标的相关性,多因素Logistic回归分析RA-ILD患者预后不良的影响因素,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平预测RA-ILD患者预后不良的价值。结果与非ILD组比较,ILD组血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平升高,FEV_(1)、FVC、FEV_(1)/FVC、DLCO降低(t/P=14.359/<0.001、13.855/<0.001、12.015/<0.001、2.732/0.007、14.749/<0.001、14.010/<0.001)。Pearson相关性分析显示,RA-ILD患者血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平与FEV_(1)、FVC、FEV_(1)/FVC、DLCO呈负相关(r=-0.762、-0.711、-0.577、-0.534、-0.707、-0.692、-0.735、-0.672,P均<0.001)。随访5年,115例RA-ILD患者预后不良发生率为46.96%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,普通型间质性肺炎和高分辨率电子计算机断层扫描(HRCT)评分、CX3CL1、CCL17升高为RA-ILD患者预后不良的独立危险因素[OR(95%CI)=3.745(1.245~11.264)、1.051(1.008~1.095)、1.008(1.003~1.012)、1.037(1.012~1.062)],FEV_(1)、FEV_(1)/FVC、DLCO升高为独立保护因素[OR(95%CI)=0.952(0.896~0.988)、0.892(0.867~0.981)、0.857(0.789~0.949)]。ROC曲线分析显示,血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平联合预测RA-ILD患者预后不良的曲线下面积为0.875,大于CX3CL1、CCL17单独预测的0.783、0.788(Z=2.807、2.698,P=0.005、0.007)。结论RA-ILD患者血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平升高,与肺功能降低和预后不良有关,血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平联合检测对RA-ILD患者预后具有较高的预测价值。

脑小血管病患者血清8-OHdG、CX3CL1水平与认知功能障碍的相关性

[目的]探究脑小血管病(CSVD)患者血清8-羟基脱氧鸟苷酸(8-OHdG)、趋化因子C-X3-C配体1(CX3CL1)水平与认知功能障碍的关系。[方法]选取2021年5月—2022年5月本院收治的CSVD患者128例,依据蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分分为认知障碍组与无认知障碍组两组,测定两组血清8-OHdG、CX3CL1水平,应用Pearson相关性分析血清8-OHdG、CX3CL1水平与CSVD患者MoCA评分的关系,Logistic回归分析影响CSVD患者认知功能障碍的因素,并绘制ROC曲线研究血清8-OHdG、CX3CL1水平对CSVD患者认知功能障碍的预测效能。[结果]认知功障碍组患者血清8-OHdG和CX3CL1水平分别高于无认知障碍组,但其MoCA评分低于无认知障碍组(均P<0.05)。血清8-OHdG、CX3CL1水平均与MoCA评分呈负相关(r=-0.715、-0.413,P<0.05)。血清8-OHdG水平,重度认知障碍组分别高于中度和轻度认知障碍组(均P<0.05),中度认知障碍组高于轻度认知障碍组(P<0.05)。CX3CL1水平,重度认知障碍组分别高于中度和轻度认知障碍组(均P<0.05),中度认知障碍组高于轻度认知障碍组(P<0.05)。8-OHdG诊断CSVD患者认知功能障碍的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.866,灵敏度、特异度分别为76.53%和80.00%(均P<0.05);CX3CL1诊断CSVD患者认知功能障碍的AUC为0.868,灵敏度、特异度分别为86.73%和80.00%(均P<0.05);8-OHdG、CX3CL1二者联合诊断CSVD患者认知功能障碍的AUC为0.922,灵敏度、特异度分别为88.78%和86.67%(均P<0.05)。血清8-OHdG>2.69μg/L、CX3CL1>179.18 pg/L均为CSVD患者认知功能障碍的影响因素(P<0.05)。[结论]血清8-OHdG、CX3CL1水平与CSVD患者认知功能障碍呈正相关,两者可作为预测CSVD患者出现认知功能障碍的辅助指标。

C-X3-C基序趋化因子配体1/C-X3-C基序趋化因子受体1通路参与失血性休克/复苏大鼠记忆功能恢复

目的探讨C-X3-C基序趋化因子配体1(CX3CL1)/C-X3-C基序趋化因子受体1(CX3CR1)通路调控的小胶质细胞活化对失血性休克/复苏大鼠记忆功能的影响。方法实验分为2部分。第1部分,将大鼠随机分为假手术组,模型-0.5 h组,模型-1.5 h组,模型-3 h组,每组10只,模型组之间失血性休克时间存在差异。第2部分,大鼠随机分为对照组与CX3CL1组,每组10只。CX3CL1组大鼠脑室注射CX3CL1蛋白,对照组大鼠注射生理盐水。所有大鼠在模型制作前开展Morris水迷宫训练,模型制作后4 d,开展水迷宫测试。完成后,取全脑组织进行HE染色与免疫组织化学染色,取脑脊液检测炎性细胞因子含量,取脑组织进行Real-time PCR检测与Western blotting检测。结果与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠逃避潜伏期增加,穿越平台次数与第Ⅲ象限停留时间减少,且HE染色中显示神经元状态受损。此外,与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠脑组织中离子钙结合衔接分子1(Iba1)表达升高,脑脊液中肿瘤细胞坏死因子α(TNF-α)与白细胞介素(IL)-6含量升高,M1型小胶质细胞标记CD16、TNF-α、IL-1β与诱导性一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)mRNA含量升高。与此同时,与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠脑组织中CX3CL1、CX3CR1蛋白表达降低,磷酸化核因子κB(p-NF-κB)与核苷酸结合寡聚结构域(NOD)样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)蛋白表达升高。然而,与模型组相比,CX3CL1组大鼠逃避潜伏期减少,穿越平台次数与第Ⅲ象限停留时间增加,且神经元状态恢复。此外,与对照组相比,CX3CL1组大鼠脑组织中Iba1表达降低,脑脊液中TNF-α与IL-6含量降低,M1型小胶质细胞标记CD16、TNF-α、IL-1β与iNOS mRNA含量降低,M2型小胶质细胞标记CD206、转化生长因子β(TGF-β)、精氨酸酶1(Arg1)、几丁质酶3样蛋白1(Ym1)mRNA含量升高。结论CX3CL1有助于抑制小胶质细胞过度激活,诱导小胶质细胞向M2型极化,抑制M1型极化,降低炎性细胞因子释放,减轻失血性休克/复苏诱发的记忆功能损伤。

AGGREGATE SPECIAL FUNCTIONS TO APPROXIMATE PERMUTING TRI-HOMOMORPHISMS AND PERMUTING TRI-DERIVATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH A TRI-ADDITIVEψ-FUNCTIONAL INEQUALITY IN BANACH ALGEBRAS

In this paper,we define a new class of control functions through aggregate special functions.These class of control functions help us to stabilize and approximate a tri-additiveψ-functional inequality to get a better estimation for permuting tri-homomorphisms and permuting tri-derivations in unital C*-algebras and Banach algebras by the vector-valued alternative fixed point theorem.

Mon(n=2-13)和MonC(n=1-12)团簇的几何结构和电子结构

结合遗传算法和CALYPSO软件,采用密度泛函理论,对Mon(n=2-13)及MonC(n=1-12)团簇基态的几何结构与电子结构展开详细研究.通过计算其基态结构的平均键长、平均结合能、二阶差分能、分裂能和前线轨道能级,对基态结构的稳定性随总原子数变化的关系展开了研究.计算结果表明,Mon团簇基态结构的稳定性可通过掺杂单个C原子而提高.综合团簇的二阶差分能、分裂能可知,n=6,9时Mon团簇的稳定性较高,n=4,7,10时MonC团簇的稳定性较高.

利拉鲁肽与西格列汀对早期2型糖尿病肾病患者肾脏血流动力学及NLR、Cys-C、MCP-1的影响

目的探究利拉鲁肽与西格列汀对早期2型糖尿病肾病(T2DN)患者肾脏血流动力学及中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、血清胱抑素C(CysC)、单核细胞趋化因子-1(MCP-1)的影响。方法选取2020年12月—2022年12月邯郸市第一医院内分泌一科收治的早期T2DN患者110例为研究对象。按随机数排秩法将患者分为对照组(n=55)与观察组(n=55)。对照组予以西格列汀治疗,观察组予以利拉鲁肽联合西格列汀治疗,2组患者均治疗12周。比较2组疗效、血糖指标、双肾主动脉(MRA)和叶间动脉(IRA)的肾脏血流动力学指标、NLR、Cys-C、MCP-1以及不良反应发生情况,分析尿蛋白排泄率(UAER)与血清NLR、CysC、MCP-1的关系。结果观察组总有效率为90.91%,高于对照组的67.27%(χ^(2)/P=9.290/0.002)。治疗12周后,2组HbA_(1c)、FPG、2 h PG水平较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(t/P=4.222/<0.001、6.064/<0.001、6.648/<0.001);2组IRA、MRA的Vdmin、Vsmax较治疗前升高,且观察组较对照组升高更明显(t/P=3.733/<0.001、6.800/<0.001,2.598/0.011、2.043/0.043);2组IRA、MRA的PI、RI较治疗前降低,且观察组较对照组降低更明显(t/P=4.194/<0.001、3.933/<0.001,3.265/0.001、6.171/<0.001);2组UAER、NLR、Cys-C、MCP-1水平较治疗前明显降低,且观察组较对照组降低更明显(t/P=14.534/<0.001、2.609/0.010、9.795/<0.001、6.618/<0.001);Pearson分析,NLR、Cys-C、MCP-1与UAER均呈正相关(r=0.513、0.764、0.685,P均<0.001)。2组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)/P=0.910/0.340)。结论利拉鲁肽联合西格列汀治疗早期T2DN具有良好疗效,可有效改善肾脏血流动力学,调节NLR、Cys-C、MCP-1水平,保护肾功能。

一类幂函数的c-差分性质及其(−1)-差分谱

差分攻击是攻击迭代分组密码最有效的方法之一.密码算法抵抗差分攻击的能力与其采用的密码函数抵抗差分攻击的能力密切相关,而后者可以用差分均匀度来衡量.密码函数的差分均匀度越小,其抵抗差分攻击的能力就越强.为了抵抗差分攻击,分组密码算法中的核心部件S盒(S-boxes)应该具有较低的差分均匀度.同时,具有低差分均匀度的密码函数在编码理论、组合设计等领域中有着广泛的应用.乘法差分攻击作为差分攻击的推广被提出,密码函数抵抗乘法差分攻击的能力用其c-差分均匀度反映.本文主要研究了有限域Fpn上幂函数x^(p^(n)+3)/2的c-差分性质,这里p是奇素数,n是正整数.对于一般的c≠±1,本文给出了这类幂函数的c-差分均匀度的上界,并针对c=−1求解了其c-差分谱.

Measurement of hepatic functional mass by means of ^(13)C-methacetin and ^(13)C-phenylalanine breath tests in chronic liver disease: Comparison with Child-Pugh score and serum bile acid levels

AIM: To evaluate and compare the clinical usefulness of 13C-phenylalanine and 13C-methacetin breath tests in quantitating functional hepatic mass in patients with chronic liver disease and to further compare these results with those of conventional tests, Child-Pugh score and serum bile acid levels.METHODS: One hundred and forty patients (50 HCV-related chronic hepatitis, 90 liver cirrhosis patients) and 40 matched healthy controls were studied. Both breath test and routine liver test, serum levels of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acid conjugates were evaluated.RESULTS: Methacetin breath test, expressed as 60 min cumulative percent of oxidation, discriminated the hepatic functional capacity not only between controls and liver disease patients, but also between different categories of chronic liver disease patients. Methacetin breath test was correlated with liver function tests and serum bile acids.Furthermore, methacetin breath test, as well as serum bile acids, were highly predictive of Child-Pugh scores. The diagnostic power of phenylalanine breath test was always less than that of methacetin breath test.CONCLUSION: Methacetin breath test represents a safe and accurate diagnostic tool in the evaluation of hepatic functional mass in chronic liver disease patients.

Density Functional Study of the C Atom Adsorption on the α-Fe_2O_3 (001) Surface

The adsorption of C atoms on the α-Fe2O3（001） surface was studied based on density function theory（DFT） ,in which the exchange-correlation potential was chosen as the PBE（Perdew,Burke and Ernzerhof） generalized gradient approximation（GGA） with a plane wave basis set. Upon the optimization on different adsorption sites with coverage of 1/20 and 1/5 ML,it was found that the adsorption of C atoms on the α-Fe2O3（001） surface was chemical adsorption. The coverage can affect the adsorption behavior greatly. Under low coverage,the most stable adsorption geometry lied on the bridged site with the adsorption energy of about 3.22 eV; however,under high coverage,it located at the top site with the energy change of 8.79 eV. Strong chemical reaction has occurred between the C and O atoms at this site. The density of states and population analysis showed that the s,p orbitals of C and p orbital of O give the most contribution to the adsorption bonding. During the adsorption process,O atom shares the electrons with C,and C can only affect the outermost and subsurface layers of α-Fe2O3; the third layer can not be affected obviously.

Activity and selectivity of propane oxidative dehydrogenation over VO_3/CeO_2(111) catalysts: A density functional theory study

The oxidative dehydrogenation（ODH） of propane on monomeric VO3 supported by CeO2（111）（VO3/CeO 2（111）） is studied by periodic density functional theory calculations. Detailed energetic, structural, and electronic properties of these reactions are determined. The calculated activation energies of the breaking of the first and second C–H bonds of propane on the VO3/CeO2（111） catalyst are compared, and it is found that both the unique structural and electronic effects of the VO3/CeO2（111） catalyst contribute to the relatively easy rupture of the first C–H bond of the propane molecule during the ODH reaction. In particular, the so-called new empty localized states that are mainly constituted of O2 porbitals of the ceria-supported VO3 species are determined to be crucial for assisting the cleavage of the first C–H bond of the propane molecule. Following this they become occupied and the remaining C–H bonds become increasingly difficult to break owing to the increasing repulsion between the localized 4 felectrons at the Cecations, resulting in the adsorption of more H and other moieties. This work illustrates that CeO2-supported monomeric vanadium oxides can exhibit unique activity and selectivity for the catalytic ODH of alkanes to alkenes.

Grey GM(1,1) Model with Function-Transfer Method for Wear Trend Prediction and its Application

Trend forecasting is an important aspect in fault diagnosis and work state supervision. The principle, where Grey theory is applied in fault forecasting, is that the forecast system is considered as a Grey system; the existing known information is used to infer the unknown information's character, state and development trend in a fault pattern, and to make possible forecasting and decisions for future development. It involves the whitenization of a Grey process. But the traditional equal time interval Grey GM (1,1) model requires equal interval data and needs to bring about accumulating addition generation and reversion calculations. Its calculation is very complex. However, the non equal interval Grey GM (1,1) model decreases the condition of the primitive data when establishing a model, but its requirement is still higher and the data were pre processed. The abrasion primitive data of plant could not always satisfy these modeling requirements. Therefore, it establishes a division method suited for general data modeling and estimating parameters of GM (1,1), the standard error coefficient that was applied to judge accuracy height of the model was put forward; further, the function transform to forecast plant abrasion trend and assess GM (1,1) parameter was established. These two models need not pre process the primitive data. It is not only suited for equal interval data modeling, but also for non equal interval data modeling. Its calculation is simple and convenient to use. The oil spectrum analysis acted as an example. The two GM (1,1) models put forward in this paper and the new information model and its comprehensive usage were investigated. The example shows that the two models are simple and practical, and worth expanding and applying in plant fault diagnosis.

Experimental and Density Functional Theory Calculation Studies on Raman and Infrared Spectra of 1,1＇-Binaphthyl-2,2＇-diamine

The IR absorption, visible excited normal Raman, and UV-excited near-resonant Raman （UVRR） spectra of 1,1＇-binaphthyl-2,2＇-diamine （BINAM） were measured and analyzed. Density functional theory calculations were carried out to investigate its vibrational frequencies, infrared absorption, normal Raman, and near-resonance Raman intensities. The observed Raman and IR bands of BINAM were assigned with respect to the local vibrations of substituted 2-naphthylamine. Several Raman bands of BINAM were found selectively enhanced in the UVRR in comparison with the normal Raman spectrum. Possible excited state geometry distortion was discussed based on the resonance Raman intensity analysis.

Negativity of Wigner function and phase sensitivity of an SU(1,1) interferometer

Both the negativity of Wigner function and the phase sensitivity of an SU(1,1) interferometer are investigated in this paper. In the case that the even coherent state and squeezed vacuum state are input into the interferometer, the Heisenberg limit can be approached with parity detection. At the same time, the negativity volume of Wigner function of detection mode comes entirely from the input state and varies periodically with the encoding phase. In addition, the negativity volume of Wigner function is positively correlated with the phase sensitivity of the SU(1,1) interferometer. The positive correlation may mean that the non-classicality indicated by negative Wigner function is a kind of resource that can verify some related research results of phase estimation.

Evaluation of Liver Function tests （AST ＆ ALT） in Patients with Hepatitis B and C in Tabriz-lran （2013）

Viral hepatitis is among the infections that primarily affect the liver and is one of the main causes of death in the world. Every year, more than one million people worldwide die of viral hepatitis. In recent decades, the number of people with hepatitis B and C has declined in Iran. The purpose of this study was to investigate normal and abnormal liver enzymes （AST, ALT） in patients with chronic hepatitis B and C in a number of public and private laboratories in Tabriz. In the study conducted in 2013, of those who had referred to clinical laboratories for various reasons or who had been reported by centers of infectious or dialysis therapy, a sample of 1,000 patients were identified with hepatitis B and C; 693 people had hepatitis B and 307 people had hepatitis C. On a sample of patients, liver enzymes were evaluated using standard methods. The percentage of women and men in this study were inconsistent with global statistics. However this inconsistency could be justified by the alcohol consumption and an increase in the number of addicted people in society as well as women＇s fear due to some social issues.

Adsorption of NO on the M/c-ZrO_2(110)(M=Ru,Rh)Surface:A Density Functional Theory Study

The adsorption of NO on the M/c-ZrOu（110） （M = Ru, Rh） surface has been studied with periodic slab model by PWgl approach of GGA within the framework of density functional theory. The results of geometry optimization indicated that the hollow site is energetically stable for Ru and Rh atoms＇ adsorption on the c-ZrO2（110） surface with adsorption energies of 207.4 and 106.3 kJ/mol, respectively. When NO is adsorbed on the M/ZrO2（110） surface, the N-down adsorption is the most stable. We also studied the adsorption of double NO on the M/c-ZrOu（110） surface. Complete linear synchronous transit and quadratic synchronous transit approaches were used to search the transition state for dissociation reaction. NO has two possible dissociation passways： （1） 2NO → N2 （g） ＋ 20 （ads）, （2） 2NO→ N20 （g） ＋ O （ads）, and the former is easier than the latter based on the calculation results.

煤矿事故预测的马尔可夫SCGM(1,1)_c模型的建立与应用

煤矿安全是煤矿生产的重要保障,煤矿事故预测是煤矿安全评价和决策的基础。结合灰色SCGM(1,1)_c预测模型和马尔可夫链理论的优点,根据煤矿生产的特殊条件,提出了基于马尔可夫链的SCGM(1,1)_c预测模型。首先利用灰色SCGM(1,1)_c预测模型对我国1990—2010年的煤矿事故百万t死亡率进行初次预测,然后根据初次预测结果,利用残差模型对SCGM(1,1)_c模型预测结果进行修正。最后在修正模型的基础上,运用马尔可夫SCGM(1,1)_c模型对我国2011—2013年煤矿事故百万t死亡率进行了预测,并对两种模型的预测误差进行了对比分析。结果表明,马尔可夫SCGM(1,1)_c预测模型既能揭示煤矿事故百万t死亡率变化的总体趋势,又能克服随机波动性数据对预测精度的影响,具有较强的工程实用性。

C++11 Functional库在编程中的应用技巧

Functional库在C++11中有着广泛的使用,介绍的是其中的一种使用方法,专门用于在编码过程中,有意公开部分接口,但又不公开接口具体使用位置的情况,尤其是针对有些传入对象受保护,不能对其进行修改,只能读取,而对另外一些传入对象,又要灵活处理时,该种方法提供了部分接口的实现具体代码,但是对于更上层对接口的使用,却隐藏调用的位置,不提供给用户。

GM(1,1)模型和Logistic函数在日本落叶松林分蓄积量预测中的对比研究

通过对日本落叶松林分蓄积量预测模型的对比研究,得出Logistic函数的残差平方和小于GM(1,1)模型,相关系数大于GM(1,1)模型,根据模型评价标准,可知Logistic函数更适用于辽东地区日本落叶松林分蓄积量的预测。图形分析表明,GM(1,1)模型适用于具有较强指数规律的序列,与林分蓄积量短期生长规律相似,因此GM(1,1)模型只适用于建立短期的蓄积量预测。而Logistic函数图形与林分蓄积量的变化趋势更为接近,所以可以准确地预测林分蓄积量,为合理经营利用日本落叶松林分提供科学的理论依据。

系统云灰色SCGM(1,1)c模型在作物需水量预测中的应用

作物需水量预报对灌区编制和执行用水计划具有重要作用。以灰色系统理论为基础,建立作物需水量和残差修正序列系统云灰色SCGM(1,1)c模型,通过对模型拟合精度和预报精度的检验,证明满足预报要求,解决了作物需水量数据序列小样本、贫信息的预报问题,为灌区灌溉制度的确定提供了数量指标和理论依据。应用分析表明,该方法用于灌区作物需水预报有效、可行。