SYNTHESIS OF SiC WHISKER AND ITS APPLICATION IN COMPOSITE MATERIALS

The SiC whiskers (SiCw) synthesized from rice hulls is studied in this paper. The properties of the application in the composite materials are tested, and also compared with the SiCw produced in US and Japan, the results indicate that the SiCw produced by this method is mainly straight crystals with multi nodes on face, the main type is P-SiC. lt has many advantages such as high strength and excellent oxidation resistance to high temperature. The Si3N4 ceramic composite materials reinforced and toughened with the SiCw, δfRT of the material is (856±22)MPa, δf300℃ is approximately (418. 5±14. 2) MPa and Klc is approximately (11. 3±1. 0) MPa m1/2. Besides, the application of the SiCw in the engineering materials of mining is forecasted.

Hydrothermal synthesis of spindle-like Li_2FeSiO_4-C composite as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries

In this paper,we report on the preparation of Li2FeSiO4,sintered Li2FeSiO4,and Li2FeSiO4-C composite with spindle-like morphologies and their application as cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries.Spindle-like Li2FeSi04 was synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method with（NH4）2Fe（SO4）2 as the iron source.The spindle-like Li2FeSiO4 was sintered at 600 ℃ for 6 h in Ar atmosphere.Li2FeSiO4-C composite was obtained by the hydrothermal treatment of spindle-like Li2FeSiO4 in glucose solution at 190 ℃ for 3 h.Electrochemical measurements show that after carbon coating,the electrode performances such as discharge capacity and high-rate capability are greatly enhanced.In particular.Li2FeSiO4-C with carbon content of 7.21 wt%delivers the discharge capacities of 160.9 mAh·g-1 at room temperature and 213 mAh·g-1 at45℃（0.1 C）,revealing the potential application in lithium-ion batteries.

C/SiC复合材料数据库及机器学习性能预测平台的设计与开发

以MySQL Workbench 8.0为数据库平台,采用三层浏览器/服务器架构,利用PyCharm 2022开发了一套基于Web界面和机器学习技术的C/SiC复合材料数据库系统,该系统包括材料数据库和机器学习模型2部分,具有对材料组分结构、制备工艺、试验性能等材料研发各阶段的信息查询、添加、修改、删除、搜索以及支持信息管理、设计分析视图、案例推理辅助设计、用户与系统管理等功能。基于神经网络回归算法训练机器学习模型,利用材料微观结构参数预测材料力学性能,对不同微观结构参数的影响权重进行评价,并部署在系统平台中;通过Web用户界面调用机器学习模型,对预留的验证集数据进行拉伸模量和弯曲模量预测。结果表明:机器学习模型预测材料力学性能的精度达到95%左右,训练出来的预测模型具有良好的精度与泛化能力。

浆料浸渍辅助PIP工艺制备C/HfC-SiC复合材料的微观结构及性能研究

针对高速飞行器对于防热/承载一体化超高温陶瓷基复合材料的迫切需求,以及现有反应型HfC先驱体存在的成本高、效率低和致密效果差等不足,本研究将HfC亚微米粉体配制成稳定的陶瓷浆料,利用浆料加压浸渍辅助先驱体浸渍裂解(PIP)工艺制备了HfC基体均匀分布的C/HfC-SiC复合材料,探讨了HfC含量对于复合材料微观结构、力学与烧蚀性能的影响。结果表明,当HfC实际体积分数为13.1%~20.3%时,复合材料密度为2.20~2.58 g·cm^(-3),开孔率约为5%。通过单层碳布加压浸渍陶瓷浆料,HfC颗粒能够分散到纤维束内部,且在复合材料中分布比较均匀。提高HfC含量会降低复合材料纤维含量,其力学性能也呈现出降低趋势。当HfC体积分数为20.3%时,复合材料的密度、拉伸强度和断裂韧性分别为2.58 g·cm^(-3)、147 MPa和9.3 MPa·m^(1/2);经氧乙炔焰烧蚀60 s后,复合材料的线烧蚀率和质量烧蚀率分别为0.0062 mm/s和0.005 g/s,烧蚀过程中形成的熔融相Hf_(x)Si_(y)O_(z)能覆盖在材料表面,起到良好的保护作用。

SiC-ZrC复相超高温陶瓷改性C/C复合材料的研究进展

SiC-ZrC复相超高温陶瓷改性C/C复合材料的制备工艺原理与单一陶瓷相改性C/C复合材料的工艺原理基本相同,但SiC-ZrC复相陶瓷具有耐高温、温域宽(1600~2500℃)、抗氧化、工艺适应性好等优点,在测试和应用中表现出优异的力学性能和抗烧蚀性能,能够有效填补目前高温段热防护材料的空缺,因此已经成为C/C复合材料基体掺杂改性的重要选择,在航天飞行器防热领域极具应用潜力。本文针对C/C-SiC-ZrC复合材料的发展潜力和应用空间,从制备工艺、结构特征以及性能特点三个方面综述了C/C-SiC-ZrC复合材料当前的研究进展,分析了制备工艺对复合材料微结构和性能的影响规律,提出了基于工程应用C/C-SiC-ZrC防热材料的发展建议。

沉积热解炭与树脂炭比例对C/C-SiC复合材料弯曲强度的影响

以针刺整体炭毡为坯体,采用树脂浸渍和化学气相沉积混合的方法制备得到相同密度的C/C多孔体,采用熔硅浸渗(RMI)制得C/C-SiC复合材料。研究了沉积热解炭与树脂炭比例对基体显微结构及弯曲性能的影响。结果表明:随着沉积得到的沉积热解炭含量增加,C/C-SiC复合材料基体内部孔隙率先降后升,而密度、弯曲强度先增后减。当沉积热解炭与树脂炭的比例为1∶1时,C/C-SiC复合材料密度与弯曲强度最高,分别达到2.03 g/cm^(3)和240 MPa。

WEAR TRANSITIONS OF C/Cu COMPOSITE MATERIALS

An unlubricated sliding friction test on C/Cu composite materials is described. The result of the test proves that adhesive wear is the domination. At a certain speed, when the load upon the test block is light, the wear rate remains low level and the friction pair has a good antifriction performance. But when the load increases to a certain value, the wear transitions happen, the wear becomes severe.

基于单颗金刚石划擦的单向C_(f)/SiC复合材料去除机理

为研究单向C_(f)/SiC复合材料划擦去除机理,采用单颗金刚石磨粒开展准静态划擦试验,分析不同压痕载荷下划擦材料的声发射信号变化,结合SEM形貌分析材料的去除行为和划擦去除机理。试验结果表明:声发射信号强度随着压痕载荷增加而增强,相同参数下SB方向信号值更大,信号波动更剧烈。结合声发射信号与SEM形貌分析,得出材料在不同方向的划擦去除行为,材料以脆性去除为主,SA方向纤维以拉伸断裂和纤维拔出为主,SB方向纤维主要断裂方式为弯曲断裂和剪切断裂。根据SEM形貌分析,阐述去除行为的形成过程,即解释材料划擦去除机理。

The mitigation of pitch-derived carbon with different structures on the volume expansion of silicon in Si/C composite anode

The microstructures of carbon precursors significantly affect the electrochemical performance of Si/C composite anodes.However,the interaction between Si and carbon materials with different structures is still unclear.Pitch-based materials undergoing different thermal treatments are superior sources for synthesizing carbons with different structures.Herein,different types of mesophase pitch(domain,flow-domain and mosaic structure) obtained from controllable thermal condensation are utilized to prepare Si/C composite materials and the corresponding models are established through finite element simulation to explore the correlation between the lithium storage properties of Si/C composites and the structures of carbon materials.The results indicate that the flow-domain texture pitch P2 has a better ability to buffer the volume expansion of silicon particles for its highly ordered arrangement of carbon crystallites inside could disperse the swelling stress uniformly alongside the particle surface.The sample Si@P2 exhibits the highest capacity of 1328 mA h/g after 200 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A/g as well as the best rate performance and stability.While sample Si@P3 in which the mosaic texture pitch P3 composed of random orientation of crystallites undergoes the fastest capacity decay.These findings suggest that highly ordered carbon materials are more suitable for the synthesis of Si/C composite anodes and provide insights for understanding the interaction between carbon and silicon during the charging/discharging process.

单颗金刚石磨粒划擦2D SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料实验

为了揭示2D SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料的磨削去除机理,根据2D SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料的编织结构特点,分别在2D SiC_(f)/SiC纤维的编织表面(woven surface,WS)和叠加表面(stacking surface,SS)沿0°、45°和90°方向开展单颗金刚石磨粒划擦实验,测量其划擦力和划痕深度,并观察划痕表面形貌。结果表明:在WS0(纤维编织表面的0°方向)上SiC_(f)/SiC材料的去除方式主要为纵向纤维(纤维轴向与进给速度方向一致)的剪切、拉伸、弯曲断裂和横向纤维(纤维轴向与进给速度方向垂直)的剪切、弯曲断裂;在WS45(纤维编织表面的45°方向)上主要为纤维的剪切、弯曲、拉伸断裂;在SS0(纤维叠加表面的0°方向)上主要为法向纤维(纤维轴向垂直于划擦表面)的延性去除、剪切、弯曲断裂,纵向纤维的剪切、拉伸、弯曲断裂;在SS90(纤维叠加表面的90°方向)上主要为法向纤维的延性去除、剪切、弯曲断裂和横向纤维的剪切、弯曲、拉伸断裂。由于SiC纤维的各向异性,不同方向、不同断裂形式有不同的力学性能,剪切断裂所需要的力最小,拉伸断裂所需要的力最大。在相同划擦深度下,因WS0、WS45、SS0、SS90方向上断裂形式的不同和剪切、弯曲、拉伸断裂所占的比例不同,其划擦力大小依次为FSS0>FWS45>FSS90>FWS0。且磨粒切入复合材料后随着裂纹的扩展和相互贯通,SiC基体会一起被剥离去除,部分基体受到挤压去除后再次被磨粒划擦去除形成延性划痕。2D SiC_(f)/SiC复合材料切削时宜选择WS0方向,而尽量避开SS0方向。

CVI-RMI联用法制备高性能C/(C-SiC)陶瓷基刹车材料

采用化学气相渗透-反应熔体渗透(CVI-RMI)联用法制备C/(C-SiC)陶瓷基复合材料,并对材料的微观结构和力学性能、热学性能、摩擦磨损性能进行研究。结果表明:CVI化学气相渗透最佳C/C多孔坯体密度为1.40~1.55 g/cm^(3),RMI熔融渗硅最佳温度为1650℃,制备的C/(C-SiC)复合材料密度2.10 g/cm^(3)。本方法制备的C/(C-SiC)复合材料力学性能优于采用前驱体浸渍裂解(PIP)法制备的复合材料,且导热性能优异,满足高温环境使用要求。研究发现C/(C-SiC)复合材料的摩擦系数适中,力矩曲线平稳,湿态下摩擦性能无衰减,静摩擦系数高满足低速刹车要求,且磨损量小。

Oxidation Behavior of C/C-SiC Gradient Matrix Composites

Oxidation behavior of C/C-SiC gradient matrix composites and C/C composites were compared in stationary air. The results show that oxidation threshold of C-SiC materials increases with the amount of SiC particles in the codeposition matrix. Oxidation rate of C/C-SiC gradient matrix composites is significantly lower than that of C/C material. The micro-oxidation process was observed by SEM.

DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF NANO Si/C/N COMPOSITE POWDER AND NANO SiC POWDER AT HIGH FREQUENCIES AND MICROSTRUCTURE CHARACTERIZATION

The dielectric properties of nano Si/C/N composite powder and nano SiC powder at high frequencies have been studied. The nano Si/C/N composite powder and nano SiC powder were synthesized from hexamethyldisilazane ((Me 3Si) 2NH) (Me:CH 3) and SiH 4 C 2H 2 respectively by a laser induced gas phase reaction. The complex permittivities of the nano Si/C/N composite powder and nano SiC powder were measured between 8 2GHz and 12 4GHz. The real and imaginary parts of the complex permittivities of nano Si/C/N composite powder are much higher than those of nano SiC powder. The SiC microcrystalline in the nano Si/C/N composite powder dissolved a great deal of nitrogen. The local structure around Si atoms changed by introducing N into SiC. Carbon atoms around Si were substituted by N atoms. So charged defects and quasi free electrons moved in response to the electric field, diffusion or polarization current resulted from the field propagation. The high ε″and loss factor tgδ(ε″/ε′) of Si/C/N composite powder were due to the dielectric relaxation.

Oxidation behavior of CVI,MSI and CVI+MSI C/SiC composites

The oxidation behavior of chemical vapor infiltration(CVI),molten silicon infiltration(MSI)and CVI+MSI C/SiC composites at 500-1 400℃was studied.The oxidation below 900℃increased successively for CVI,CVI+MSI and MSI composites.However,the oxidation of CVI composite above 1 000 ℃was much faster thanthat of MSI and CVI+MSI composites. As active carbon atoms produced by siliconization of fibers during MSI process were oxidized first and decreased initial oxidation temperature.The initial oxidation temperature of MSI,MSI+CVI and CVI composites was 526,552 and 710℃,respectively.New active carbon atoms were generated due to the breaking of 2D molecular chains during oxidation,so the activation energy of three C/SiC composites was decreased gradually at 500-800℃with oxidation process,exhibiting a self-catalytic characteristic.

INFLUENCES OF VACUUM-BAKING TREATMENT TO SiC PARTICULATES ON PREPARING AI-MATRIX COMPOSITE

A study was made of influences of vacuum-baking treatment to SiC particulates on preparing cast Al-martix composite. By means of quadripole mass analyser(QMA), gases absorbed on the surface of SiC particulate have been investigated, it is found that gases and pollutants absorbed on the surface prohibit SiC particulates from uniformly dispersing in the alloy melt.

Wet friction performance of C/C-SiC composites prepared by new processing route

C/C-SiC composites with SiC island distribution were prepared via a new processing route. The fabrication process mainly included silicon infiltration by ultrasonic vibration, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), siliconizing, liquid phase impregnation and carbonization. The wear and friction properties were tested by an MM-1000 wet friction machine. The results show that SiC phases are mainly distributed between carbon fibers and pyrocarbons as well as among the pryocarbons. The dynamic friction coefficient of the composites decreases gradually from 0.126 to 0.088 with the increase of the surface pressure from 0.5 to 2.5 MPa at the same rotary speed. Furthermore, under the constant surface pressure, the dynamic friction coefficient increases from 0.114 to 0.126 with the increase of the rotary speed from 1 500 to 2 500 r/min. However, the coefficient decreases to 0.104 when the rotary speed exceeds 4 500 r/min. During the friction process, the friction coefficient of C/C-SiC composite is between 0.088 and 0.126,and the wear value is zero after 300 times brake testing.

Preparation and properties of C/C-SiC brake composites fabricated by warm compacted-in situ reaction

Carbon fibre reinforced carbon and silicon carbide dual matrix composites（C/C-SiC） were fabricated by the warm compacted-in situ reaction.The microstructure,mechanical properties,tribological properties,and wear mechanism of C/C-SiC composites at different brake speeds were investigated.The results indicate that the composites are composed of 58wt%C,37wt%SiC,and 5wt%Si.The density and open porosity are 2.0 g.cm^（-3） and 10%,respectively.The C/C-SiC brake composites exhibit good mechanical properties.The flexural strength can reach up to 160 MPa,and the impact strength can reach 2.5 kJ.m^（-2）.The C/C-SiC brake composites show excellent tribological performances.The friction coefficient is between 0.57 and 0.67 at the brake speeds from 8 to 24 m·s^（-1）.The brake is stable,and the wear rate is less than 2.02×10^（-6） cm^3·J^（-1）.These results show that the C/C-SiC brake composites are the promising candidates for advanced brake and clutch systems.

Analytical Model of Elastic Modulus and Coefficient of Thermal Expansion for 2.5D C/SiC Composite

To make better use of 2.5D C/SiC composites in industry, it is necessary to understand the mechanical properties. A finite element model＇of 2.5D composites is established, by considering the fiber undulation and the porosity in 2.5D C/SiC composites. The fiber direction of warp is defined by cosine function to simulate the undulation of warp, and based on uniform strain assumption, analytical model of the elastic modulus and coefficient of thermal expansion （CTE） for 2.5D C/SiC composites were established by using dual- scale model. The result is found to correlate reasonably well with the predicted results and experimental results. The parametric study also demonstrates the effects of the fiber volume fraction, distance of warp yarn, and porosity in micro-scale on the mechanical properties and the coefficients of thermal expansion.

Monotonic tensile behavior analysis of three-dimensional needle-punched woven C/SiC composites by acoustic emission

High toughness and reliable three-dimensional needled C/SiC composites were fabricated by chemical vapor infiltration （CVI）. An approach to analyze the tensile behaviors at room temperature and the damage accumulation of the composites by means of acoustic emission was researched. Also the fracture morphology was examined by S-4700 SEM after tensile tests to prove the damage mechanism. The results indicate that the cumulative energy of acoustic emission （AE） signals can be used to monitor and evaluate the damage evolution in ceramic-matrix composites. The initiation of room-temperature tensile damage in C/SiC composites occurred with the growth of micro-cracks in the matrix at the stress level about 40% of the ultimate fracture stress. The level 70% of the fracture stress could be defined as the critical damage strength.

High Heat Flux Testing of B_4C/Cu and SiC/Cu Functionally Graded Materials Simulated by Laser and Electron Beam

B4C, SiC and C, Cu functionally graded-materials (FGMs) have been developed by plasma spraying and hot pressing. Their high-heat flux properties have been investigated by high energy laser and electron beam for the simulation of plasma disruption process of the future fusion reactors, And a study on eroded products of B4C/Cu FGM under transient thermal load of electron beam was performed. In the experiment, SEM and EDS analysis indicated that B4C and SiC were decomposed, carbon was preferentially evaporated under high thermal load, and a part of Si and Cu were melted, in addition, the splash of melted metal and the particle emission of brittle destruction were also found. Different erosive behaviors of carbon-based materials (CBMs) caused by laser and electron beam were also discussed.