Epithelial tissues covering the external and internal surface of a body are constantly under physical,chemical or biological assaults.To protect the epithelial tissues and maintain their homeostasis,multiple layers of...Epithelial tissues covering the external and internal surface of a body are constantly under physical,chemical or biological assaults.To protect the epithelial tissues and maintain their homeostasis,multiple layers of immune defense mechanisms are required.Besides the epithelial tissue-resident immune cells that provide the first line of defense,circulating immune cells are also recruited into the local tissues in response to challenges.Chemokines and chemokine receptors regulate tissue-specific migration,maintenance and functions of immune cells.Among them,chemokine receptor CCR10 and its ligands chemokines CCL27 and CCL28 are uniquely involved in the epithelial immunity.CCL27 is expressed predominantly in the skin by keratinocytes while CCL28 is expressed by epithelial cells of various mucosal tissues.CCR10 is expressed by various subsets of innate-like T cells that are programmed to localize to the skin during their developmental processes in the thymus.Circulating T cells might be imprinted by skin-associated antigen-presenting cells to express CCR10 for their recruitment to the skin during the local immune response.On the other hand,IgA antibody-producing B cells generated in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues express CCR10 for their migration and maintenance at mucosal sites.Increasing evidence also found that CCR10/ligands are involved in regulation of other immune cells in epithelial immunity and are frequently exploited by epithelium-localizing or-originated cancer cells for their survival,proliferation and evasion from immune surveillance.Herein,we review current knowledge on roles of CCR10/ligands in regulation of epithelial immunity and diseases and speculate on related important questions worth further investigation.展开更多
Mycosis fungoides(MF) is a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that can undergo local progression with possible systemic dissemination. We report a case of a patient affected by MF with a pancreatic mass that was a diagnostic c...Mycosis fungoides(MF) is a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that can undergo local progression with possible systemic dissemination. We report a case of a patient affected by MF with a pancreatic mass that was a diagnostic challenge between primitive tumor and pancreatic metastasis from MF. Clinical setting findings and imaging studies raised the suspicion of a pancreatic primary neoplasm. A diagnostic clue was provided by the combined histomorphologic/immunohistochemical study of pancreatic and cutaneous biopsies, which revealed a pancreatic localization of MF. Considering the rarity of metastatic localization of MF to the pancreas, we next investigated whether chemokinechemokine receptor interactions could be involved in the phenomenon to provide new insight into the possible mechanisms underlying metastatic localization of MF to the pancreas. Histological analyses of archival pancreatic tissue demonstrated that glucagon-secreting cells of the pancreatic islets expressed the CCL27 chemokine, which may have attracted in our case metastatic MF cells expressing the complementary receptor CCR10.展开更多
文摘Epithelial tissues covering the external and internal surface of a body are constantly under physical,chemical or biological assaults.To protect the epithelial tissues and maintain their homeostasis,multiple layers of immune defense mechanisms are required.Besides the epithelial tissue-resident immune cells that provide the first line of defense,circulating immune cells are also recruited into the local tissues in response to challenges.Chemokines and chemokine receptors regulate tissue-specific migration,maintenance and functions of immune cells.Among them,chemokine receptor CCR10 and its ligands chemokines CCL27 and CCL28 are uniquely involved in the epithelial immunity.CCL27 is expressed predominantly in the skin by keratinocytes while CCL28 is expressed by epithelial cells of various mucosal tissues.CCR10 is expressed by various subsets of innate-like T cells that are programmed to localize to the skin during their developmental processes in the thymus.Circulating T cells might be imprinted by skin-associated antigen-presenting cells to express CCR10 for their recruitment to the skin during the local immune response.On the other hand,IgA antibody-producing B cells generated in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues express CCR10 for their migration and maintenance at mucosal sites.Increasing evidence also found that CCR10/ligands are involved in regulation of other immune cells in epithelial immunity and are frequently exploited by epithelium-localizing or-originated cancer cells for their survival,proliferation and evasion from immune surveillance.Herein,we review current knowledge on roles of CCR10/ligands in regulation of epithelial immunity and diseases and speculate on related important questions worth further investigation.
基金Supported by Cinque per mille e Ricerca Corrente,Ministero della Salute to Istituto Giannina Gaslini
文摘Mycosis fungoides(MF) is a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma that can undergo local progression with possible systemic dissemination. We report a case of a patient affected by MF with a pancreatic mass that was a diagnostic challenge between primitive tumor and pancreatic metastasis from MF. Clinical setting findings and imaging studies raised the suspicion of a pancreatic primary neoplasm. A diagnostic clue was provided by the combined histomorphologic/immunohistochemical study of pancreatic and cutaneous biopsies, which revealed a pancreatic localization of MF. Considering the rarity of metastatic localization of MF to the pancreas, we next investigated whether chemokinechemokine receptor interactions could be involved in the phenomenon to provide new insight into the possible mechanisms underlying metastatic localization of MF to the pancreas. Histological analyses of archival pancreatic tissue demonstrated that glucagon-secreting cells of the pancreatic islets expressed the CCL27 chemokine, which may have attracted in our case metastatic MF cells expressing the complementary receptor CCR10.
