New insights into developmental biology of Eimeria tenella revealed by comparative analysis of mRNA N6-methyladenosine modification between unsporulated oocysts and sporulated oocysts

Evidence showed that N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)modification plays a pivotal role in influencing RNA fate and is strongly associated with cell growth and developmental processes in many species.However,no information regarding m^(6)A modification in Eimeria tenella is currently available.In the present study,we surveyed the transcriptome-wide prevalence of m^(6)A in sporulated oocysts and unsporulated oocysts of E.tenella.Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing(MeRIP-seq)analysis showed that m^(6)A modification was most abundant in the coding sequences,followed by stop codon.There were 3,903 hypermethylated and 3,178 hypomethylated mRNAs in sporulated oocysts compared with unsporulated oocysts.Further joint analysis suggested that m^(6)A modification of the majority of genes was positively correlated with mRNA expression.The mRNA relative expression and m^(6)A level of the selected genes were confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription PCR(RT-qPCR)and MeRIP-qPCR.GO and KEGG analysis indicated that differentially m^(6)A methylated genes(DMMGs)with significant differences in mRNA expression were closely related to processes such as regulation of gene expression,epigenetic,microtubule,autophagy-other and TOR signaling.Moreover,a total of 96 DMMGs without significant differences in mRNA expression showed significant differences at protein level.GO and pathway enrichment analysis of the 96 genes showed that RNA methylation may be involved in cell biosynthesis and metabolism of E.tenella.We firstly present a map of RNA m^(6)A modification in E.tenella,which provides significant insights into developmental biology of E.tenella.

Correlation analysis of human papillomavirus E6/E7 mRNA detection with diagnosis,prognosis and recurrence risk in patients with cervical epithelioma

BACKGROUND Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)is an important precursor of cervical cancer.Early detection and treatment can reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.AIM To investigate the detection rate of human papillomavirus(HPV)E6/E7 mRNA in cervical tissue of patients with different types of epithelial cell neoplasia(CIN)and its relationship with CIN progression and diagnosis.METHODS One hundred women with HPV infection detected by cervical exfoliation cytology between January 2022 and January 2023 were retrospectively selected.These patients were graded CIN based on colposcopy and cervical pathology.The positive expression rates of HPV E6/E7 mRNA and HPV[polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-reverse dot crossing]were compared among all groups.Patients with HPV E6/E7 mRNA expression in the grade 1 CIN group were followed up for 1 yr.The relationship between atypical squamous epithelium and high malignant epithelial neoplasia was investigated by univariate and multivariate analysis.RESULTS The diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,and sensitivity of PCR-reverse point hybrid ization technology for secondary CIN were 70.41%,70.66%,and 0.714,respectively.Sensitivity and specificity for secondary CIN were 752%and 7853%,respectively,the area under the curve value was 0.789.Logistic Multifactorial model analysis revealed that the HPV positive rates and the HPV E6/E7 mRNA positive rates were independent risk factors of CIN grade I(P<0.05).In CIN grade I patients with positive for HPV E6/E7 mRNA,in its orientation to grade CIN patients,in its orientation to grade CIN patients,at 69.2%,compared with patients negative for HPV E6/E7 mRNA(30.8%),significant difference(P<0.05).CONCLUSION HPV E6/E7 mRNA and HPV(PCR-reverse dot hybrid)positive expression have a close relationship with CINgrade disease progression and is an independent risk factor for high-grade CIN lesions.

晚期肺腺癌瘤内趋化因子CCR1、CXCR6和CXCL9对免疫治疗的预测及预后作用分析

目的构建能够预测晚期肺腺癌(lung adenocarcinoma,LUAD)患者免疫检查点阻断(immune checkpoint blockade,ICB)治疗疗效与预后的趋化因子模型。方法从既往研究数据中回顾性收集确诊为晚期LUAD且经过ICB治疗的42例患者(训练队列),取得其ICB治疗前肿瘤组织转录组测序数据,通过生物信息学方法,筛选出显著影响ICB治疗疗效与患者生存预后的趋化因子,通过无进展生存期(progression-free disease,PFS)评价疗效,通过总生存期(overall survival,OS)评价患者的预后。从高通量基因表达数据库(Gene Expression Omnibus,GEO)中的数据集(GSE 135222)下载25例非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)转录组测序数据和相关的生存数据,将其作为验证队列。结果通过单因素Cox回归分析,筛选出9个与晚期LUAD患者良好OS显著相关的趋化因子,其中CCR1、CXCR6和CXCL9高表达的患者明显具有更长的OS。基于这3个趋化因子的表达量构建风险模型,生存分析结果表明风险分数与患者的PFS和OS呈负相关,即低风险(risk score≤-1.33)的晚期LUAD患者在ICB治疗中明显获益更多。低风险组中位PFS为19.7个月对比高风险组(risk score>-1.33)2.9个月[95%可信区间(confidence interval,CI)为0.12~0.51,P<0.001]。中位OS低风险组未达到对比高风险组6.0个月(95%CI 0.08~0.38,P<0.001)。GEO数据集验证了该结果,中位PFS低风险(risk score≤-1.85)对比高风险(risk score>-1.85)为2.7个月对比1.2个月(95%CI 0.12~0.93,P=0.009)。结论CCR1、CXCR6和CXCL9高表达表明晚期LUAD患者疾病进展的风险较低,与患者良好的PFS和OS相关,可能为晚期LUAD患者的ICB辅助治疗提供新的方向。

Thermodynamics analysis and precipitation behavior of fine carbide in K416B Ni-based superalloy with high W content during creep

The precipitation behavior of carbide in K416 B superalloy was investigated by means of creep measurement and microstructure observation. The results show that nanometer M6 C particles discontinuously precipitate in the γ matrix or along the γ/γ′ interface of the alloy during high temperature tensile creep. Thereinto, the amount of fine M6 C carbide increases as creep goes on, and the coherent interfaces of M6 C phase precipitating from the γ matrix are {100} and {111} planes. The thermodynamics analysis indicates that the solubility of element carbon in the matrix decreases when the alloy is deformed by the axial tensile stress during creep, so as to cause the carbon segregating in the regions of stress concentration and combining with carbide-forming elements M（W, Co）, which promotes the fine M6 C carbide to precipitate from the γ matrix.

Genome-wide Analysis of Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase(G6PDH) and Its Evolution in Eucalyptus grandsis

[Objective] The aim of this study was to perform genome-wide analysis of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase（G6PDH） and reveal its evolution in Eucalyptus grandsis.[Method] The gene character,protein sequence and phylogenetic tree of G6PDH gene were analyzed by BLAST and other bioinformatics software within Eucalyptus grandsis whole genome database.[Result] Six G6PDH genes,including one cytomic type and five plastids,were detected in the E.grandsis genome.All the G6PDHs have conserved motifs of motif 1,motif 2,motif 3,motif 7,motif 9 and motif 11.Furthermore,promoter sequences of all E.grandsis G6PDH contain TATA box,enhancer,light-responsive,hormone-responsive and stress-responsive regulatory elements.[Conclusion] This study provided reference for the further revealing molecular function of E.grandsis G6PDH gene family

NDUFS6蛋白生物信息学分析及过表达质粒的构建与鉴定

目的 应用生物信息学方法分析线粒体呼吸链复合体Ⅰ结构亚基烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸脱氢酶(泛素)铁硫蛋白6(NDUFS6)的理化性质,构建pCV702-NDUFS6过表达质粒并进行鉴定,为进一步研究NDUFS6蛋白功能奠定基础。方法 利用Expasy、UniProtKB、NCBI、SOPMA等生物信息学工具分析NDUFS6蛋白的理化性质、二级结构等;根据NDUFS6 cDNA序列构建携带NDUFS6基因的过表达质粒pCV702-NDUFS6,转染大鼠心肌细胞H9C2,并设置阴性对照(NC)组和相应空载体CON520作为阳性对照(PC)组,经嘌呤霉素筛选后,采用RT-qPCR和Western blot检测NDUFS6 mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果 NDUFS6蛋白由116个氨基酸组成,理论等电点pI为9.37。蛋白二级结构以无规则卷曲(占50%)为主。酶切鉴定和基因测序结果显示,pCV702-NDUFS6表达质粒构建成功。RT-qPCR和Western blot结果显示,相较于NC组和PC组,过表达组NDUFS6表达水平均上调(P均<0.05)。结论 成功构建了能在心肌细胞H9C2中有效过表达NDUFS6基因的过表达质粒。

我国聚酰胺6的市场分析

分析了我国聚酰胺6的供需现状及发展前景。截至2023年9月底,我国聚酰胺6的生产能力为6800 kt/a,2022年的消费量为4038.2 kt,预计2027年的生产能力和消费量将分别达到11000 kt/a和4600 kt。文章还指出了聚酰胺6行业的发展趋势,并提出了今后的发展建议。

具有自检功能的智能SF_(6)气体密度监测用软测量模型误差分析

对已有的SF_(6)气体密度检测建立软测量模型,根据误差传递原理,完成理论分析和解析推导,得到相应的误差估计解析不等式。结合SF_(6)气体在全密封电器中的压力和温度常用的工作范围,进一步确定了软测量模型误差估计不等式中的误差传播系数值,得到了可以用于软测量模型误差估计的解析公式。基于该公式分析了密度继电器产品准确度设定和准确度应用的合理性,证明了该软测量模型及其误差估计公式的有效性。SF_(6)气体密度软测量模型与误差估计方法及其误差估计不等式,可以在免维护智能SF_(6)电气设备传感、监测、校准和诊断类仪器仪表、装置及系统的技术发展过程中发挥重要的指导作用。

3~6岁儿童同胞关系的异质性及其影响因素:基于潜在剖面分析

运用潜在剖面分析探索3~6岁儿童同胞关系的不同特征模式,并且进一步探讨个体心理理论与亲子关系对儿童早期同胞关系类型的影响。采用同胞行为量表、社会理解量表、亲子关系量表对1410名二孩家庭的3~6岁儿童进行调查,结果发现:(1)儿童同胞关系可以分为磨合成长型(48.94%)、相对和谐型(47.09%)和矛盾冲突型(3.97%)三种类型;(2)儿童个体心理理论以及亲子关系亲密性越高,亲子关系冲突性越低,其同胞关系类型更倾向归属于相对和谐型。

西安地区3~6岁儿童脚型分类及特征规律分析

针对当前市场童鞋设计不合理和缺乏儿童脚型理论研究参考问题,本研究首先使用三维足部扫描仪获取到3~6岁的52名男童和71名女童三维脚型数据,进行儿童脚型特点和差异的对比分析;其次,采用相关性分析和主成分分析将26组多维指标降维处理至3个主成分:脚长因子、宽围因子和高度因子;然后,以提取的3个主成分作为分类标准进行H-K聚类分析,将儿童脚型分为3类:细瘦足、适中足、肥壮足,其中左脚细瘦足占比最多,右脚适中足占比最多;最后,将脚长尺寸标准化,发现儿童脚型存在显著的性别及左右脚差异.该研究结论可为童鞋设计和鞋楦三维数字化构建提供理论参考.

C57BL/6小鼠微小三毛滴虫的观察与种系发育分析

为鉴定从某外单位引进的C57BL/6小鼠粪样检测中发现的虫体种类,本试验对虫体进行形态学观察,并进行种系发育分析。取C57BL/6小鼠粪样涂片和瑞士染色后进行显微镜观察,提取粪样总DNA,根据三毛滴虫的16S rRNA进行PCR扩增后测序,运用MEGA11进行种系发育分析。显微镜观察发现,虫体符合微小三毛滴虫的形态学特征,测序发现微小三毛滴虫的基因序列与鼠三毛滴虫高度同源。

Algebraic Solution for the Forward Displacement Analysis of the General 6-6 Stewart Mechanism

The solution for the forward displacement analysis（FDA） of the general 6-6 Stewart mechanism（i.e., the connection points of the moving and fixed platforms are not restricted to lying in a plane） has been extensively studied, but the efficiency of the solution remains to be effectively addressed. To this end, an algebraic elimination method is proposed for the FDA of the general 6-6 Stewart mechanism. The kinematic constraint equations are built using conformal geometric algebra（CGA）. The kinematic constraint equations are transformed by a substitution of variables into seven equations with seven unknown variables. According to the characteristic of anti-symmetric matrices, the aforementioned seven equations can be further transformed into seven equations with four unknown variables by a substitution of variables using the Grobner basis. Its elimination weight is increased through changing the degree of one variable, and sixteen equations with four unknown variables can be obtained using the Grobner basis. A 40th-degree univariate polynomial equation is derived by constructing a relatively small-sized 9 × 9 Sylvester resultant matrix. Finally, two numerical examples are employed to verify the proposed method. The results indicate that the proposed method can effectively improve the efficiency of solution and reduce the computational burden because of the small-sized resultant matrix.

血清白介素6、空腹血糖水平与冠心病及不良心血管事件关系的研究

背景冠心病(CHD)是全世界的主要公共卫生负担之一。虽然已经制订了相应治疗策略,但CHD仍然是全球人口发病和死亡的主要原因。CHD诊断主要依靠冠状动脉造影或冠状动脉增强CT,然而基层医院设备不足,早期诊断及对预后的判断相对困难,故寻找相对简便、易获得的实验室指标,有利于为基层医生诊治CHD提供依据。目的探讨血清白介素6(IL-6)、空腹血糖(FPG)水平与CHD患者冠状动脉狭窄程度、临床分型、病变支数及不良心血管事件的关系。方法纳入2020年9—11月就诊于新疆医科大学第五附属医院的CHD患者为研究对象,收集患者的一般资料与实验室检查结果。依据Gensini积分评分标准,将患者得分结果按中位数分为轻度狭窄组(A组,Gensini积分≤33.25分,n=40)和中重度狭窄组(B组,Gensini积分>33.25分,n=40)。根据冠状动脉造影结果,将患者按照病变支数分为单支病变组(n=28)、双支病变组(n=21)及多支病变组(病变支数≥3,n=31)。根据患者临床分型,将患者分为稳定型心绞痛组(n=34)和急性冠状动脉综合征组(n=46)。采用Spearman秩相关分析探索血清IL-6、FPG与患者相关资料的关系。采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制患者的生存曲线,生存曲线的比较采用Log-rank检验。采用单因素及多因素Cox比例风险模型探究CHD患者不良心血管事件发生风险的影响因素。绘制IL-6预测不良心血管事件发生的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)。结果A组IL-6、FPG水平低于B组,多支病变组IL-6水平高于单支病变组,FPG水平高于双支病变组,急性冠状动脉综合征组IL-6、FPG水平高于稳定型心绞痛组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,血清IL-6水平与临床分型、冠状动脉病变支数、Gensini积分、性别、三酰甘油(TG)、FPG有相关性,FPG水平与临床分型、冠状动脉病变支数、Gensini积分、年龄、IL-6水平有相关性(P<0.05)。按IL-6中位表达水平(45.8 ng/L)将患者分为IL-6>45.8 ng/L组(n=39)和IL-6≤45.8 ng/L组(n=41),FPG以参考值上限(6.1 mmol/L)作为分组标准,将患者分为FPG>6.1 mmol/L组(n=36)和FPG≤6.1mmol/L组(n=44)。Log-rank检验结果显示,IL-6>45.8 ng/L组不良心血管事件发生率高于IL-6≤45.8 ng/L组(76.9%与36.6%;χ^(2)=16.075,P<0.001)、FPG>6.1 mmol/L组不良心血管事件发生率高于FPG≤6.1 mmol/L组(69.4%与45.5%;χ^(2)=4.292,P=0.038)。多因素Cox比例风险模型结果显示IL-6是患者发生不良心血管事件的影响因素(HR=2.396,95%CI=1.203~6.054,P<0.05)。IL-6预测患者发生不良心血管事件的ROC曲线下面积为0.769(95%CI=0.658~0.880),最佳截断值为40.97 ng/L,灵敏度为0.867,特异度为0.683。结论血清IL-6、FPG水平与CHD及其不良预后相关,血清IL-6是CHD患者不良心血管事件发生风险的独立危险因素。

鸡FGF6基因生物学特性及其多态性与经济性状的关联分析

旨在探究鸡成纤维细胞生长因子6(fibroblast growth factor 6,FGF6)基因的生物学特性,挖掘FGF6基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点并分析其与经济性状的相关性,为后续研究鸡FGF6基因对生长性状的影响提供参考。本研究对FGF6蛋白序列进行生物信息学分析;基于768只固始鸡-安卡鸡F_2资源群的GBS数据及相关经济性状表型数据对FGF6基因包含启动子2 kb区域SNP位点进行筛选,并进行连锁不平衡和关联分析,探究FGF6基因SNP和单倍型与鸡经济性状的相关性。生物信息学分析结果显示,鸡FGF6氨基酸序列与火鸡同源性为91.26%;系统进化分析表明,鸡FGF6与火鸡亲缘关系最近,其次是绿海龟,与斑马鱼遗传距离最远;保守性分析显示不同物种间FGF6保守性较高。鸡FGF6蛋白为亲水性蛋白、存在1个跨膜区,主要定位于细胞质;其二级、三级结构相符。鸡FGF6蛋白被22个磷酸化位点和1个N-糖基化位点修饰;与其受体家族FGFR1~4和EGF存在互作关系。鸡FGF6基因启动子区域筛选到6个SNPs位点,均位于1号内含子上;多态性分析显示6个SNPs位点存在高多态性,其中5个处于哈代-温伯格平衡,呈强连锁状态(D′=1,r^(2)=1)。关联分析结果显示,rs73399071位点与F_2资源群不同阶段体重(BW)、胫长(SL)、胫围(SG)、体斜长(BSL)等17个生长性状指标显著相关(P<0.05),与全净膛重(EW)、半净膛重(SEW)、屠体重(CW)、胸肌重(BMW)等10个屠体性状指标显著相关(P<0.05),与肉质性状的关联未达到显著水平(P>0.05),与高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和胆碱酯酶(ChE)显著相关(P<0.05),CC基因型个体的大部分性状表型均值高于GG基因型个体;单倍型组合分析显示不同阶段CCTTCCTTCC组合个体的体重均高于其他单倍型组合个体。本研究结果为进一步探究鸡FGF6基因的功能提供理论参考,筛选到FGF6基因存在5个与固始鸡-安卡鸡F_2资源群体重、体尺、屠体性状和血液生化指标显著关联的SNPs位点,为鸡育种提供候选的分子标记,为地方鸡标记辅助选择提供新的思路。

Performance Analysis of the Packet-Based PNT Service in NGSO Broadband Satellite Communication Systems

Providing alternative PNT service to GNSS-challenged users will be an important function of next-generation NGSO broadband satellite communication systems.Herein,a packet-based PNT service architecture in NGSO broadband systems is proposed in which a primary satellite and selected assistant satellites work together to provide PNT service to requesting users.Its positioning performance bounds are mathematically formulated by rigorously analyzing the bounds constrained by different waveforms.Simulations are conducted on different configurations of Walker Delta MEO constellations and Walker Star LEO constellations for corroboration,revealing the following:(1)Both MEO and LEO constellations achieve sub-meter-level positioning precision given enough satellites.(2)Compared to the GNSS Doppler-based velocity estimation method,the position advance based velocity estimation algorithm is more precise and applicable to the PNT service in NGSO broadband systems.(3)To provide PNT service to users in GNSS-challenged environments,the primary and each assistant satellite need only∼0.1‰of the time of one downlink beam.

SF_(6)放电分解产物荧光抑制光纤增强拉曼光谱动态高灵敏检测研究

分析SF_(6)放电分解产物组分和含量的动态变化是SF_(6)封闭式组合电器(Gas-Insulated Switchgear,GIS)状态诊断的关键。本文提出荧光抑制光纤增强拉曼光谱(Fiber-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy,FERS)动态高灵敏检测方法。首先搭建了SF_(6)放电分解产物荧光抑制FERS检测系统,通过结合CCD数字滤波和小孔空间滤波的协同荧光滤波方法,系统信噪比提升228.4%;基于Allan方差分析确定了系统最佳积分时间为220 s。然后在2 bar压强、220 s积分时间下,基于标准混合气体样品分析确定了用于同时定性与定量分析SF_(6)放电分解产物SOF_(2),SO_(2)F_(2),COS,CF_(4),SO_(2),CO_(2),CO的特征拉曼谱峰,并计算得检测下限分别为1.95 ppm,1.78 ppm,0.83 ppm,2.41 ppm,0.93 ppm,2.51 ppm,6.69 ppm。最后通过连续168 h的GIS等比缩小模型局部放电实验证明了上述系统可实现SF_(6)放电分解产物的动态高灵敏检测,且与气相色谱法结果偏差小于±5%。实验结果表明,本文提出的检测方法可为GIS的安全运行提供技术支撑。

Sequence Analysis on Interleukin-2 Gene and Interleukin-6 Gene in a Hybrid Pig

[ Objective] To understand the functions of interteukin-2 （IL-2） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） in immune response. [ Method] Peripheral lymphocytas were isolated from a hybrid pig （ Duroc x Landrace x Shandong local pig） and stimulated with canavalin A in vitro. With total RNA as templates, the IL-2 and IL-6 cDNA were amplified by the RT-PCR and sequenced, respectively. [Result] The sequence of IL-2 gene had 100.0% nucleotide homology to the published IL-2 sequences. The sequence of IL-6 gene had 99.8% -100.0% nucleotide homology to the published IL-6 sequences, and the amino acid homology was 99.1% -100.0%. [ Conclusion] NO great variation of the IL-2 gene and IL-6 gene is observed in the hybdd pig, and these results provide a basis for research about functions of IL-2 and IL-6 protein.

Analysis of Arc Characteristics and Flow Field in Arc Chamber of High-Voltage SF_6 Auto-Expansion Circuit Breaker

A new magnetic hydro-dynamics model for nozzle arc emphasizing the interaction of arc with PTFE （polytetrafluorethylene） vapour is established based on the conservation equations. The interruption of auto-expansion circuit breaker is simulated numerically by finite element method and the influence of PTFE vapour on the arc is analysed with this model. The results reveal that the flow field inside the arc chamber is determined by the arc current, the arcing time, the nozzle arc and the clogging of its thermal boundary. The establishment of quenching pressure relies on both SF6 gas and PTFE vapour that absorbed arc energy in the nozzle. The PTFE vapour leads to an increase in the pressure of nozzle arc obviously, and a decrease in the temperature of arc. But it enhances the temperature of arc at zero current and slows down the decreasing rate of arc temperature as the current decreases.

Quality Analysis and High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Fingerprint Analysis of New Cultivated Kind of <i>Lonicerae japonicae</i>Flos “Hua Jin 6” from Different Harvest Times

Lonicerae japonicaeFlos (LJF) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of various diseases, which is now in great demand every year and has a broad development prospect. However, the flowering phase of common LJF varieties is so short, which seriously restricts the development of LJF industry. As a new cultivated kind of Lonicerae japonicae Flos, “Hua Jin 6” has characteristics in long flowering phase and conveniently picking, which makes it have a broad development prospect. The aim of this study is to provide scientific guidance for its suitable harvest period by measuring yield and quality of “Hua Jin 6” from different harvest time. Studies show that flower size had a slowly rising trend from the first day to the seventh day, and then slowly declined or kept stable. There were no significant differences of total phenolic acid contents in different samples from different days, but contents of total flavonoids were on the rise and up to maximum in the ninth day. The contents of total iridoids had an increasing tendency from the first day to the fifth day and then kept relatively stable in other days. We demonstrated that the quality of “Hua Jin 6” is relatively stable and suitable for harvesting in all flower buds white stage in term of HPLC fingerprints. Our findings can make it possible to select the suitable time for different harvest purpose.

Cloning and Bioinformatics Analysis of the GlROP6 gene in Glehnia littoralis

Rho-related GTPase from plants(ROP)proteins play an essential role in plant stress resistance.In this study,the full-length GlROP6 gene was cloned based on G.littoralis transcriptome sequencing data acquired in response to salt stress.The protein sequence,conserved domains,secondary structure,three-dimensional structure,phylogenetic relationships,and expression pattern of the GlROP6 gene were systematically analysed.Our results showed that the full-length GlROP6 gene had an open reading frame of 606 bp,which encoded 201 amino acid residues with a relative molecular weight of 22.23463 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 9.06.Amino acid sequence analyses indicated that the structure of the GlROP6 protein was conserved,and included five G-box motifs(G1–G5),an effector binding region,a Rho insert region and a C-terminal hypervariable region.According to our phylogenetic analysis,the GlROP6 protein was closely related to the ROP protein of Daucus carota subsp.Sativus.Our quantitative real-time PCR results revealed that GlROP6 was highly expressed in flower,and GlROP6 expression was significantly upregulated in G.littoralis roots treated with NaCl.This study will facilitate investigations into the function of GlROP genes in response to salt stress in G.littoralis.