Autoimmune pancreatitis characterized by predominant CD8+ Tlymphocyte infiltration

Autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)is a rare form of pan-creatitis characterized by prominent lymphocyte inf iltration and pancreatic f ibrosis resulting in organ dysfunc-tion.The pathogenesis and pathology of AIP remain unknown.A 64-year-old Chinese man presented with symptoms and signs of bile duct obstruction diffuse enlargement of the head of pancreas,elevated IgG levels,and negative autoimmune antibody responses.A pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy was per-formed and a pancreatic tumor was suspected.Howev-er,periductal lymphoplasmacytic inf iltration and f ibrosis were found in the head of pancreas and nearby organs instead of tumor cells.Four months after surgery,the patient was readmitted because of reoccurrence ofsevere jaundice and sustained abdominal distension.Prednisone 30 mg/d was administered orally as an AIP was suspected.One and a half months later,the symp-toms of the patient disappeared,and globulin,amino-transferase and bilirubin levels decreased signif icantly.Over a 9-mo follow-up period,the dose of prednisone was gradually decreased to 10 mg/d and the patient remained in good condition.We further demonstrated dominant CD3+/CD8+ populations,CD20+ cells and a few CD4+ cells in the pancreatic parenchyma,duo-denum and gallbladder wall by immunohistochemical assay.This AIP case presented with signif icant CD8+ T lymphocyte inf iltration in the pancreas and extra-pan-creatic lesions,indicating that this cell population may be more important in mediating AIP pathogenesis than previously known and that AIP might be a poorly defined autoimmune disease with heterogeneous pathogenesis.

CD4 T-Lymphocytes Count in HIV-<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>Co-Infected Pregnant Women Undergoing a Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission Program

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a parasite responsible of toxoplasmosis, a disease often asymptomatic but with serious consequences in pregnant women and immunocompromised subjects. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of T. gondii infection on CD4+ T lymphocytes count in HIV-infected pregnant women. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of pregnant women co-infected by HIV and T. gondii. The study was conducted from January to July 2016 at the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) sites in the Health District of Lacs in Togo. Diagnosis of HIV was performed by immuno-chromatographic methods with Determine TM HIV-1/2 and immuno-filtration with Tri-Dot HIV-1 and 2 kits. Presence of anti-toxoplasmic IgG and IgM antibodies was established via enzyme immunoassay using ELISA-BIOREX&reg;kit. Flow cytometry was used to count CD4+ T lymphocytes. Results: Our study found that of the 4599 pregnant women, 111 (2.41%) were HIV-positive. Among them, 109 (98.20%) were infected by HIV-1 and 2 (1.98%) by HIV-2. Antibodies against T. gondii were detected in 5.36% (IgM), 25% (IgG) and 3.57% (both IgM and IgG) of HIV 56 infected women. There was no significant difference between CD4 cell count in HIV (+)/T. gondii IgM (-)/IgG (-) infected pregnant women (378.8 ± 222.8 cell//μl) compared to HIV (+)/T. gondii/IgM (+) (457.3 ± 183.3 cell//μl), HIV (+)/T. gondii IgG (+) (419.4 ± 287.3 cell//μl) and HIV (+)/T. gondii IgM/IgG (+) (480.5 ± 252.4 cell/μl). Conclusion: This study showed that intracellular parasite T. gondii did not alter CD4+ T lymphocytes count in HIV/T. gondii co-infected pregnant women.

Effect of Mg^(2+)level on the functions of CD8^(+)T lymphocytes and NK cells in patients with COVID-19

Objective:To investigate the changes of Mg^(2+) levels in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)of patients with COVID-19 and its effects on the functions of CD8^(+)T lymphocytes and NK cells.Methods:A total of 165 COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Ezhou Central Hospital from January 20 to February 20,2020 were divided into mild/common group(98 cases)and severe/critical group(67 cases).At the same time,34 healthy persons were selected as the control group.Peripheral blood was collected and PBMCs were isolated,the level of Mg^(2+) in serum and PBMCs was detected.The subsets of CD8^(+)T lymphocytes and NK cell and the expression levels of their surface inhibitory molecular PD-1 and activator molecular NKG2D were detected by flow cytometry.The correlation between Mg^(2+) concentration and the expression levels of PD-1 and NKG2D was also analyzed.Results:Compared with the control group,the concentration of Mg^(2+) in serum and PBMCs,the counts of CD8^(+)T lymphocytes and NK cell in patients with mild/common and severe/critical groups were significantly reduced(P<0.05),while the expression level of surface inhibitory molecular PD-1 were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the expression level of the activation molecule NKG2D were significantly decreased(P<0.05).However,the changes of the above indicators in patients with severe/critical group were greater than those in the mild/common group(P<0.05).In addition,the Mg^(2+) concentration in COVID-19 patients was negatively correlated with the expression level of PD-1 on CD8^(+)T lymphocytes and NK cells(P<0.05),and positively correlated with the expression levels of NKG2D(P<0.05).Conclusion:The concentration of Mg^(2+) in the serum and PBMCs of COVID-19 patients is significantly reduced,which may cause the function of CD8^(+)T lymphocytes and NK cells to be inhibited.

Role of CD4+ and CD8+ T Lymphocyte in the Onset of Stroke in People Living with HIV in Pointe-Noire

Objective: To determine the role of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the onset of stroke in people living with HIV. Methodology: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study from January to July 2019, in the neurology department of loandjili general hospital, including any patient hospitalized for a first episode of stroke confirmed by brain scan. The study variables were: age, sex, CRP value, serum T cell CD4+, CD8+. The statistical analysis was carried out using the EPI info 7 software. Results: Twenty stroke patients were included. The relative frequency of HIV was 20%. The risk factors were potentiated by immunosuppression of CD4+ T cells. Sixty percent (60%) of the patients had a CD4+ count < 200/mm3 and the mean CD4+ count was ±191/mm3. Stroke was the predominant mechanism of injury with a frequency of 70%, the only injury mechanism of stroke in patients with CD8+ T cell count > 800/mm3 (p = 0.04). Conclusion: Risk factors are potentiated by TCD4+ lymphocyte immunosupression, also CD8+ lymphocytes of immune system activation marker are a cardiovascular risk factor for living people with HIV.

Factors Associated with Sample Rejection for CD4+/CD8+ T Cell Count Analyses at the Kenyatta National Hospital Comprehensive Care Center Laboratory, Kenya

Background: The appropriate time to initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV/AIDS patients is determined by measurement of CD4+/CD8+ T cell count. The CD4/CD8+ T cell count is also useful, together with viral load, in monitoring disease progression and effectiveness treatment regimens. Several factors may contribute to sample rejection during the CD4+/CD8+ T cells count, resulting in negative effects on patient management. Objective: Evaluate the causes for CD4+CD8+ T cell count sample rejection at the Kenyatta National Hospital Comprehensive Care Center Laboratory. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between 2018 and 2020. Data was obtained from the “rejected samples” for PartecR FlowCyp flow cytometry file. Designed data collection sheet was used for data capture. A total of 3972 samples were submitted for CD4+/CD8+ T cell count during the study period. Causes for sample rejection were numbered 1 to 12, each representing a reason for sample rejection. Number 1 was sub-categorized into clotted, hemolyzed, short-draw and lipemic. Data was analyzed using excel, and presented using tables, graphs and pie charts. Approval to conduct the study was obtained from KNH/UoN ERC. Results: In the study period, 81/3972 (2.0%) samples were rejected. Samples submitted more than 48 hours after collection were mostly rejected. Other factors included improper collection technique, delayed testing, patient identification error and incorrect use of vacutainer. A combination of clotted samples, specimen submission more than 48 hours caused the most frequent sample rejection, followed with combination of specimen submission more than 48 hours, delayed testing and delayed specimen processing. Together, clotted samples, incorrect vacutainer and poor specimen label caused the least sample rejection. Conclusion: Sample rejection rate for CD4/CD8+ T cell count was relatively low, and multiple factors contributed to rejection. However, improved quality assurance will enable more benefit to patients who seek this test in the laboratory.

中国HIV/AIDS患者CD_4^+CD_8^+T淋巴细胞与外周血各组份间关系的研究

目的 研究艾滋病病毒 /艾滋病 (HIV/AIDS)患者CD+ 4 、CD+ 8T淋巴细胞数与外周血各组份间白细胞(WBC)、血小板 (PLT)、血红蛋白 (HGB)、粒细胞百分数 (GR % )、淋巴细胞百分数 (LY % )、LY的相关性 ,为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法 HIV/AIDS患者抗凝外周血 5 13份 ,在 6小时之内检测其血细胞分类和CD+ 4 、CD+ 8T淋巴细胞计数 ,比较CD+ 4 、CD+ 8T淋巴细胞计数与WBC、HGB、PLT、LY %、GR %和LY的相关性。结果 CD4/CD8全部倒置 ,其中CD4/CD8<1者达 94 7% ;CD+ 4 细胞数 <5 0 0 /mm3 与HGB (r=0 16 0 ,P <0 0 1)、PLT (r=- 0 0 14 ,P <0 0 1)、GR % (r=- 0 2 81,P<0 0 1)、LY % (r =0 32 1,P <0 0 1)、LY((r =0 4 94 ,P <0 0 1)相关均有非常显著的统计学意义 ;CD+ 8细胞数与WBC数 (r=0 112 ,P <0 0 5 )、HGB (r=0 131,P <0 0 1) 、GR % (r=- 0 5 2 6 ,P <0 0 1)、LY % (r=0 5 6 9,P <0 0 1)、LY (r=0 90 4 ,P <0 0 1) 相关均有显著性 ;2 0 0 /mm3 <CD+ 4 细胞数 <5 0 0 /mm3 与LY (r=0 2 79,P <0 0 1)、PLT (r=0 192 ,P <0 0 1) 相关有显著性 ,CD+ 4 细胞数 <2 0 0 /mm3 与LY (r =0 2 6 2 ,P<0 0 1)、LY % (r =0 2 79,P<0 0 1)、GR % (r =- 0 2 94 ,P<0 0 1)

广西壮族自治区健康成年人T淋巴细胞亚群分类绝对计数及CD_4/CD_8比值调查

目的 初步建立广西壮族自治区健康人群外周静脉血CD3 、CD4、CD8T淋巴细胞绝对数值和CD4/CD8比值的参考范围。方法 用流式细胞仪 (FACSCalibur,FCS)、三色免疫荧光试剂和绝对计数管 (TnTEST/Tru COUNT) ,检测 110名广西健康成年人 (16～ 5 6岁 )静脉全血CD3 、CD4、CD8T淋巴细胞绝对数值和CD4/CD8比值 ,并观察T淋巴细胞亚群分类计数在性别、年龄和民族上的差别。结果 110名健康成年人检测结果平均值 :CD3 为5 2 4± 5 4 1,CD4为 82 3± 30 5 ,CD8为 6 0 1± 2 4 8,CD4/CD8为 1 4 9± 0 5 3。进一步分析发现 ,CD4和CD4/CD8在民族分布上 (汉族 79名、壮族 31名 )的差异有显著的统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 这次初步建立CD3 、CD4、CD8T细胞绝对数值和CD4/CD8比值正常参考范围 ,对于指导广西的艾滋病诊断及治疗工作有重要意义。

Th9细胞对非小细胞肺癌患者CD8^+T细胞抗肿瘤活性的调控作用

目的:观察并分析Th9细胞及其分泌的白细胞介素-9(IL-9)对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者CD8^+T细胞抗肿瘤活性的影响。方法:选择32例NSCLC患者(肺癌组)和11例健康对照者(对照组)。分离肺癌组血浆、外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)、肿瘤部位和非肿瘤部位的支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)及对照组血浆和PBMCs,检测Th9细胞比例、IL-9水平和转录因子PU.1 mRNA相对表达量。纯化肺癌组Th9细胞、CD8^+T细胞和原代NSCLC细胞,使用重组IL-9刺激CD8^+T细胞,观察细胞增殖和分泌穿孔素、颗粒酶B水平。建立Th9细胞、CD8^+T细胞与原代NSCLC细胞的共培养细胞,观察IL-9对CD8^+T细胞的细胞杀伤功能和非细胞杀伤功能的影响。组间比较采用t检验、配对t检验或Wilcoxon配对检验。结果:肺癌组外周血Th9细胞比例、IL-9水平和PU.1 mRNA相对表达量低于对照组(均P<0.0001),肺癌组肿瘤部位分离的BALF中Th9细胞比例、IL-9水平和PU.1 mRNA相对表达量低于非肿瘤部位(均P<0.0001)。IL-9刺激可增加肺癌组CD8^+T细胞增殖和穿孔素、颗粒酶B分泌,IL-9刺激还可提升肺癌组CD8^+T细胞对原代NSCLC细胞的细胞杀伤和非细胞杀伤功能,主要表现为细胞死亡比率增加、干扰素-γ和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)分泌升高。Th9细胞也可提升肺癌组CD8^+T细胞对原代NSCLC细胞的细胞杀伤和非细胞杀伤功能,抗IL-9中和抗体可抑制Th9细胞对CD8^+T细胞功能的调控作用。结论:Th9细胞可能通过分泌IL-9在体外增强NSCLC患者CD8^+T细胞的抗肿瘤功能。

Super-resolution immunohistochemistry study on CD4 and CD8 cells and the relation to macrophages in human cochlea

Recently, the human cochlea has been shown to contain numerous resident macrophages under steady-state. The macrophages accumulate in the stria vascularis, among the auditory nerves, and are also spotted in the human organ of Corti. These macrophages may process antigens reaching the cochlea by invasion of pathogens and insertion of CI electrode. Thus, macrophages execute an innate, and possibly an adaptive immunity. Here, we describe the molecular markers CD4 and CD8 of T cells, macrophage markers MHCⅡ and CD11b, as well as the microglial markers TEME119 and P2Y12, in the human cochlea. Immunohistochemistry and the advantageous super-resolution structured illumination microscopy(SR-SIM) were used in the study. CD4^+ and CD8^+ cells were found in the human cochleae. They were seen in the modiolus in a substantial number adjacent to the vessels, in the peripheral region of the Rosenthal's canal, and occasionally in the spiral ligament. While there are a surprisingly large number of macrophages in the stria vascularis as well as between the auditory neurons,CD4^+ and CD8^+ cells are hardly seen in these areas, and neither are seen in the organ of Corti. In the modiolus,macrophages, CD4^+ and CD8^+ cells appeared often in clusters. Interaction between these different cells was easily observed with SR-SIM, showing closely placed cell bodies, and the processes from macrophages reaching out and touching the lymphocytes. Otherwise the CD4^+ and CD8^+ cells in human cochlear tissue are discretely scattered. The possible roles of these immune cells are speculated.

Poor CD4 count is a predictor of untreated depression in human immunodeficiency virus-positive African-Americans

AIM: To determine if efforts to improve antiretroviral therapy(ART) adherence minimizes the negative impact of depression on human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) outcomes. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of a clinic-based cohort of 158 HIV seropositive(HIV+) African Americans screened for major depressive disorder(MDD) in 2012. CD4 T lymphocyte(CD4+) counts were obtained from these individuals. Self-report on adherence to ART was determined from questionnaire administered during clinic visits. The primary outcome measure was conditional odds of having a poorer CD4+ count(< 350 cells/mm3). Association between CD4+ count and antidepressant-treated or untreated MDD subjects was examined controlling for self-reported adherence and other potential confounders. RESULTS: Out of 147 individuals with available CD4+ T lymphocyte data, 31% had CD4+ count < 350 cells/mm^3 and 28% reported poor ART adherence. As expected the group with > 350 cells/mm^3 CD4+ T lymphocyte endorsed significantly greater ART adherence compared to the group with < 350 cells/mm3 CD4+ T lymphocyte count(P < 0.004). Prevalence of MDD was 39.5% and 66% of individuals with MDD took antidepressants. Poor CD4+ T lymphocyte count was associated with poor ART adherence and MDD. Adjusting for ART adherence, age, sex and education, which were potential confounders, the association between MDD and poor CD4+ T lymphocyte remained significant only in the untreated MDD group.CONCLUSION: Therefore, CD4+ count could be a clinical marker of untreated depression in HIV+. Also, mental health care may be relevant to primary care of HIV+ patients.

Expression of PD1 and BTLA on the CD8^+T Cell and γδT Cell Subsets in Peripheral Blood of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

Objective To investigate the expression and regulation of programmed cell death protein 1(PD1),B lymphocyte and T lymphocyte attenuator(BTLA)in peripheral blood of patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC);to examine the correlation of the mRNA levels between PD and BTLA in NSCLC.Methods Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of PD1 and BTLA on the surfaces of CD8^+T cells andγδ+T cells in the peripheral blood samples collected from 32 in-patients with stage IV NSCLC and 30 healthy individuals.We compared the expression of PD1 and BTLA on the surfaces ofγδ+T cells in the NSCLC patients with bone metastasis before and after the treatment of zoledronic acid.The correlations of PD1 and BTLA,as well as their ligands were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis with the cBioPortal data platform.Results The frequency of PD1 on the surfaces of CD8^+T cells was significantly higher than that of theγδT cells in both healthy controls(t=2.324,P=0.024)and NSCLC patients(t=2.498,P=0.015).The frequency of PD1 on CD8^+T cells,rather than onγδ+T cells,was significantly upregulated in advanced NSCLC patients compared with that in healthy controls(t=4.829,P<0.001).The PD1+BTLA+γδT cells of the healthy controls were significantly lower than that of the NSCLC patients(t=2.422,P=0.0185).No differences in percentage of PD1+γδ+and BTLA+γδ+T cells were observed in 7 NSCLC patients with bone metastasis before and after zoledronic acid treatment.PD1 was positively correlated with BTLA in both lung adenocarcinoma(r=0.54;P<0.05)and lung squamous cell carcinoma(r=0.78;P<0.05).Conclusions The upregulation of co-inhibitory molecules occurs on the surfaces of both CD8^+T cells andγδT cells in advanced NSCLC,suggesting that these molecules were involved in regulating the inactivation of CD8^+T cells andγδ+T cells,immune escape and tumor invasion.

Effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide on CD4^+/CD8^+T cell levels after traumatic brain injury in a rat model

BACKGROUND： The effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide （PACAP） during traumatic brain injury （TBI） and whether it can modulate secondary injury has not been reported previously. The present study evaluated the potential protective effects of ventricular infusion of PACAP in a rat model of TBI.METHODS： Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups （n=6, each）： sham-operated, vehicle （normal saline）＋TBI, and PACAP＋TBI. Normal saline or PACAP （1 μg/5 μL） was administered intracerebroventricularly 20 minutes before TBI. Right parietal cortical contusion was produced via a weight-dropping method. Brains were extracted 24 hours after trauma. Histological changes in brains were examined by HE staining. The numbers of CD4＋ and CD8＋ T cells in blood and the spleen were detected via flow cytometry.RESULTS： In injured brain regions, edema, hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and swollen and degenerated neurons were observed under a light microscope, and the neurons were disorderly arrayed in the hippocampi. Compared to the sham group, average CD4＋ CD8＋ lymphocyte counts in blood and the spleen were significantly decreased in rats that received TBl＋vehicle, and CD4- CD8＋ were increased. In rats administered PACAP prior to TBI, damage was attenuated as evidenced by significantly increased CD4＋, and decreased CD8＋, T lymphocytes in blood and the spleen.CONCLUSION： Pretreatment with PACAP may protect against TBI by influencing periphery T cellular immune function.

Subgroups of peripheral immune effector cells in cervical cancer patients are more sensitive to radiation therapy than chemotherapy

Background:CD8 positive T lymphocytes and natural killer(NK)cells in the peripheral blood of cervical cancer patients exhibit varying sensitivities to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Methods:A total of 50 healthy peoples and 60 cervical cancer patients were recruited.The patients with cervical cancer were separated into two groups:radiation and chemotherapy,and blood sample were collected before and after treatment.Data on the proportion of CD8 positive T lymphocytes and NK cells were gathered for analytical evaluation.Results:Compared to healthy individuals,patients with cervical cancer exhibit a reduced proportion of CD8 positive T cells within their peripheral blood.And for patients with cervical cancer,radiation therapy has been found to be more effective than chemotherapy in increasing the proportion of CD8 positive T lymphocytes and NK cells.Conclusions:These results suggest that radiation therapy increases the levels of CD8 positive T lymphocytes and NK cells within the peripheral blood of patients with cervical cancer.The study hypothesis that the changes in the percentage of CD8 positive T lymphocytes may serve as a potential indicator for predicting treatment efficacy.

儿童难治性支原体肺炎白细胞介素-8、白细胞介素-17、CD4-CD8比值与病情及预后的相关性研究

目的研究白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、白细胞介素-17(IL-17)、CD4-CD8比值(CD4+/CD8+)水平与儿童难治性支原体肺炎(RMPP)病情及预后的相关性。方法回顾性选取2017年1月至2019年7月在郑州大学附属儿童医院呼吸内科住院治疗的180例肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)病儿中37例RMPP纳入RMPP组,其余143例普通MMP纳入轻型肺炎支原体肺炎(MMPP)组。比较两组病儿急性期IL-8、IL-17、CD4+/CD8+水平及其他实验室指标,logistic回归分析获得RMPP相关影响因素,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析logistic回归模型对RMPP的预测价值;依据支气管镜下表现评价预后,比较不同预后病人急性期血IL-8、IL-17、CD4+/CD8+水平。结果RMPP组病儿IL-8[(85.69±37.48)ng/L比(39.44±17.17)ng/L]、IL-17[(2.27±0.61)ng/L比(1.64±0.95)ng/L]、白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞计数(Neu)、血小板计数(PLT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、纤维蛋白原(Fib)、D-二聚体显著高于MMPP组,RMPP组病儿CD4+/CD8+(0.92±0.22)显著低于MMPP组CD4+/CD8+(1.49±0.37)病儿(P<0.05);logistic回归分析显示IL-8、CRP、D-二聚体是RMPP的独立危险因素,CD4+/CD8+是保护因素;logistic回归模型预测RMPP的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.992,临界值>0.136,灵敏度、特异度分别为100.00%、96.50%;IL-8、CD4+/CD8+、CRP、D-二聚体的AUC分别为0.847、0.901、0.768、0.828,临界值分别为>70.71 ng/L、≤1.26 ng/L、>37.95 mg/L、>1.62 mg/L;恢复期RMPP组中29例接受支气管镜检查,13例恢复期预后不良的RMPP病儿IL-8显著高于16例预后良好病儿,CD4+/CD8+显著低于预后良好病儿(P<0.001),但IL-17比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论IL-8、CD4+/CD8+可作为预测RMPP病情、预后的灵敏指标,但IL-17与RMPP病情及预后的关系仍有待探究。

女性更年期艾滋病合并肺结核患者低剂量螺旋CT动态扫描与CD_4^+T淋巴细胞相关性分析

目的探讨女性更年期艾滋病患者合并肺结核的低剂量螺旋CT表现特征及与CD_4^+T淋巴细胞计数的相关性。方法收集经临床确诊、符合女性更年期综合征的艾滋病合并肺结核病例55例为研究组,同时选择同期符合女性更年期综合征的单纯性肺结核患者42例作为对照组,对两组实施低剂量螺旋CT扫描,分析CT表现,并结合临床资料与CD_4^+T淋巴细胞水平进行统计学检验。结果 (1)CT结果显示:研究组较对照组出现较多斑片实变(76.8%vs 52.3%,P<0.05);对照组较研究组出现较多钙化(51.7%vs 0,P<0.05);两组在斑片实变、多发空洞、单发空洞、多发结节、胸腔积液、淋巴结肿大(纵隔、腋下)等方面的发病率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)CD_4^+T淋巴细胞检测结果显示:研究组CD_4^+T淋巴细胞计数低于对照组(P<0.05)。在研究组中,Ⅰ型肺结核和淋巴细胞计数间呈正相关(P<0.05),Ⅲ型肺结核和淋巴细胞计数间为负相关(P<0.05),而Ⅱ型、Ⅳ型均与淋巴细胞计数无相关(P>0.05);双肺上叶病变部位和淋巴细胞计数之间无相关(P>0.05),右肺中叶、双肺下叶病变部位和淋巴细胞计数间为负相关(P<0.05);斑片实变、多发空洞、多发结节、淋巴结肿大的病例和淋巴细胞计数间呈负相关(P<0.05),单发空洞病例和淋巴细胞计数间呈正相关(P<0.05),胸腔积液病例与淋巴细胞计数间无相关(P>0.05)。结论女性更年期艾滋病患者合并肺结核的低剂量螺旋CT表现多不典型,这与CD_4^+T淋巴细胞计数减少有较大关联。了解此类患者的CT特征和CD_4^+T淋巴细胞的相关性,有益于早诊断及早治疗。

绵阳市游仙区2019~2021年新报告HIV/AIDS患者首次T淋巴细胞检测结果分析

目的:分析绵阳市游仙区2019~2021年新报告艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)首次检测T淋巴细胞计数结果,为当地艾滋病防治提供依据。方法:通过回顾性分析研究252例新报告HIV/AIDS患者的CD^(+)_(3)T淋巴细胞(CD 3)、CD^(+)_(4)T淋巴细胞(CD 4)、CD^(+)_(8)T淋巴细胞(CD 8)检测结果,对不同时间、不同性别、不同年龄段患者的检测结果进行分析。结果:CD 3、CD 4、CD 8检测结果均较低。不同时间及不同性别HIV/AIDS病例CD^(+)_(3)、CD^(+)_(4)、CD^(+)_(8)检测结果均值无差异(均P>0.05),不同年龄CD 3、CD 4、CD^(+)_(8)检测结果均值存在差异(均P<0.05),>45岁病例均值最低。CD 4均值较低,主要集中在<500个/μL的范围。CD 4≤200个/μL的比例在历年来以及不同性别人群无差异(χ^(2)=0.454,0.256,均P>0.05),但不同年龄人群有差异(χ^(2)=12.474,P<0.05),在>45岁病例中占比最高。结论:绵阳市游仙区新报告HIV/AIDS患者T淋巴细胞计数均值低,晚发比例高,尤其>45岁人群。应加强该类人群的艾滋病宣教及健康筛查,并按要求及时治疗。

Haematology Parameters of Apparently Healthy Prospective Whole Blood Donors in a Nigerian Hospital Setting

Background: Adequate selection of a prospective whole blood donor protects his health and safety of the recipient. Objectives: The main objective of this study was to determine the haematology parameters of apparently healthy prospective whole blood donors. Participants and Methods: This was a hospital based prospective study carried out from August to October 2020 at the blood transfusion unit of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja, Nigeria. A structured pretested questionnaire was used for data collection. The socio demographic status and the haematology parameters of apparently healthy prospective whole blood donors who tested negative for HIV, hepatitis B and C markers were captured. Obtained data were analysed with the statistical package for the social scientist software version 20. Results: One hundred male (97.1%) and three female (2.9%) apparently healthy prospective whole blood donors were studied. The median age of study subjects was 30 years. Obtained median haematology parameter values were 13 g/dl, 40%, 4.9/nl and 203.9/nl for haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit, total white cell and platelet counts respectively. The median values for the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of participants were 32.6 g/dl, 27.7 pg and 85.7 fl respectively. Observed prevalence of subnormal haematology parameters for haemoglobin concentration, total white cells, platelets were 12.6%, 25.2%, and 13.6% respectively. Also subnormal values for MCHC, MCH, MCV were 11.7%, 26.2%, and 16.5% respectively among prospective whole blood donors in this study. No higher than normal haematology parameter values were observed. Median values for erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 8.4 mm/hr. Conclusion: A significant percentage of apparently healthy prospective whole blood donors had subnormal haematology parameters values. Obtained normal values in our study are comparable with local reference range reports from previous studies in Nigeria and other parts of Africa. 124947 .

Role of CD8^(+) T lymphocyte cells:Interplay with stromal cells in tumor microenvironment

CD8^(+) T lymphocytes are pivotal cells in the host response to antitumor immunity.Tumordriven microenvironments provide the conditions necessary for regulating infiltrating CD8^(+) T cells in favor of tumor survival,including weakening CD8^(+) T cell activation,driving tumor cells to impair immune attack,and recruiting other cells to reprogram the immune milieu.Also in tumor microenvironment,stromal cells exert immunosuppressive skills to avoid CD8^(+) T cell cytotoxicity.In this review,we explore the universal function and fate decision of infiltrated CD8^(+) T cells and highlight their antitumor response within various stromal architectures in the process of confronting neoantigen-specific tumor cells.Thus,this review provides a foundation for the development of antitumor therapy based on CD8^(+)T lymphocyte manipulation.

T lymphocyte apoptosis induced by CD8ε chimera

THE T cell repertoire is characterized by an extremely diverse population of different surface receptors (TCR) which participates in highly specific responses to a large number of different antigens and mediate antigen stimulation signals. Variable heterodimers of TCR α/β and γ/δ receptors are associated with invariable CD3γ, δ, ε and ζ proteins, thus forming the TCR/CD3 complex. CD3ε plays an important role in the initiation of TCR resembling and signfal transduction among the octopeptide chains. Stimulation by anti-CD3ε monoclonal

补肾方对慢性乙型肝炎T细胞亚群及其功能的影响

目的观察补肾方对慢性乙型肝炎患者免疫功能状态的调节作用。方法收集HBeAg阳性ALT异常者30例,给予补肾方治疗,用药6个月,于用药前、用药3个月、6个月时分别检测下列指标。采用罗氏荧光定量PCR法检测HBVDNA ,外周血单个核细胞(peripheralbloodmononuclearcell,PBMC)加入HBeAg、HBcAg与植物血凝素(Phytohemagglutinin ,PHA)培养48h ,检测培养上清液中IL 10、IFN -γ,血液中CD4+、CD8+、CD8+CD2 8+、CD8+CD2 8-和CD2 8+T细胞的比例及加入HBeAg、HBcAg与PHA培养48h后培养细胞中CD8+CD2 8+的比例。结果补肾方治疗有效组在治疗3个月后,PBMC培养中IFN- γ较治疗前明显上升,IL- 10明显下降(P <0 . 0 5,P <0. 0 1) ;CD8+CD2 8+T、CD2 8+T、培养后CD8+CD2 8+T细胞较治疗前明显上升,CD8+CD2 8-T细胞明显下降(P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1)。结论补肾方能明显增强Th1型细胞因子的表达,降低Th2型细胞因子的表达,促进CD8+(CytotoxicTlymphocyte ,CTL)的表达,这可能是使HBVDNA复制得到抑制的机制之一。