A Study on CFL Conditions for the DG Solution of Conservation Laws on Adaptive Moving Meshes

The selection of time step plays a crucial role in improving stability and efficiency in the Discontinuous Galerkin(DG)solution of hyperbolic conservation laws on adaptive moving meshes that typically employs explicit stepping.A commonly used selection of time step is a direct extension based on Courant-Friedrichs-Levy(CFL)conditions established for fixed and uniform meshes.In this work,we provide a mathematical justification for those time step selection strategies used in practical adaptive DG computations.A stability analysis is presented for a moving mesh DG method for linear scalar conservation laws.Based on the analysis,a new selection strategy of the time step is proposed,which takes into consideration the coupling of theα-function(that is related to the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix of the flux and the mesh movement velocity)and the heights of the mesh elements.The analysis also suggests several stable combinations of the choices of theα-function in the numerical scheme and in the time step selection.Numerical results obtained with a moving mesh DG method for Burgers’and Euler equations are presented.For comparison purpose,numerical results obtained with an error-based time step-size selection strategy are also given。

Stability and Time-Step Constraints of Implicit-Explicit Runge-Kutta Methods for the Linearized Korteweg-de Vries Equation

This paper provides a study on the stability and time-step constraints of solving the linearized Korteweg-de Vries(KdV)equation,using implicit-explicit(IMEX)Runge-Kutta(RK)time integration methods combined with either finite difference(FD)or local discontinuous Galerkin(DG)spatial discretization.We analyze the stability of the fully discrete scheme,on a uniform mesh with periodic boundary conditions,using the Fourier method.For the linearized KdV equation,the IMEX schemes are stable under the standard Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy(CFL)conditionτ≤λh.Here,λis the CFL number,τis the time-step size,and h is the spatial mesh size.We study several IMEX schemes and characterize their CFL number as a function ofθ=d/h^(2)with d being the dispersion coefficient,which leads to several interesting observations.We also investigate the asymptotic behaviors of the CFL number for sufficiently refined meshes and derive the necessary conditions for the asymptotic stability of the IMEX-RK methods.Some numerical experiments are provided in the paper to illustrate the performance of IMEX methods under different time-step constraints.

Theoretical Proof of Unconditional Stability of the 3-D ADI-FDTD Method

In order to eliminate Courant-Friedrich-Levy(CFL) condition restraint and improvecomputational efficiency,a new finite-difference time-domain(FDTD)method based on the alternating-direction implicit(ADI) technique is introduced recently.In this paper,a theoretical proof of the stabilityof the three-dimensional(3-D)ADI-FDTD method is presented.It is shown that the 3-D ADI-FDTDmethod is unconditionally stable and free from the CFL condition restraint.

Efficient Finite Difference Methods for the Numerical Analysis of One-Dimensional Heat Equation

In this paper, we investigate and analyze one-dimensional heat equation with appropriate initial and boundary condition using finite difference method. Finite difference method is a well-known numerical technique for obtaining the approximate solutions of an initial boundary value problem. We develop Forward Time Centered Space (FTCS) and Crank-Nicolson (CN) finite difference schemes for one-dimensional heat equation using the Taylor series. Later, we use these schemes to solve our governing equation. The stability criterion is discussed, and the stability conditions for both schemes are verified. We exhibit the results and then compare the results between the exact and approximate solutions. Finally, we estimate error between the exact and approximate solutions for a specific numerical problem to present the convergence of the numerical schemes, and demonstrate the resulting error in graphical representation.

Deriving some further results from Tensile Stability Criterion in SPH

The linear form of the error propagation of SPH,which was obtained through perturbation method,has been employed to analyze the tensile instability in SPH.The sufficient condition for tensile instability,which was ever presented by Swegle,could also be derived from the eigenvalues of the linear form.Hence,the eigenvalues correspondingly yielded a tensile stability criterion.The criterion confirmed the Swegle's statement that the tensile instability is induced by imaginary sound speed,and revealed the origins of imaginary sound speed and some details of CFL conditions.Moreover,a reasonable numerical sound speed,which accords with the one given by Monaghan through dimensional analysis,was also derived from the criterion.The kernel's spatial derivatives,which are only with respect to the distance between particles,were found it was not accurate if the spatial derivatives of smoothing lengths were not trifle.

Stable Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin solver for hypersonic rarefied gaseous flow based on 2D Boltzmann kinetic model equations

A stable high-order Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin(RKDG) scheme that strictly preserves positivity of the solution is designed to solve the Boltzmann kinetic equation with model collision integrals. Stability is kept by accuracy of velocity discretization, conservative calculation of the discrete collision relaxation term, and a limiter. By keeping the time step smaller than the local mean collision time and forcing positivity values of velocity distribution functions on certain points, the limiter can preserve positivity of solutions to the cell average velocity distribution functions. Verification is performed with a normal shock wave at a Mach number 2.05, a hypersonic flow about a two-dimensional(2D) cylinder at Mach numbers 6.0 and 12.0, and an unsteady shock tube flow. The results show that, the scheme is stable and accurate to capture shock structures in steady and unsteady hypersonic rarefied gaseous flows. Compared with two widely used limiters, the current limiter has the advantage of easy implementation and ability of minimizing the influence of accuracy of the original RKDG method.

A Remark on the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy Condition in Finite Difference Approach to PDE’s

The Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy condition(The CFL condition)is appeared in the analysis of the finite difference method applied to linear hyperbolic partial differential equations.We give a remark on the CFL condition from a view point of stability,and we give some numerical experiments which show instability of numerical solutions even under the CFL condition.We give a mathematical model for rounding errors in order to explain the instability。

PARALLEL IMPLEMENTATIONS OF THE FAST SWEEPING METHOD

The fast sweeping method is an efficient iterative method for hyperbolic problems. It combines Gauss-Seidel iterations with alternating sweeping orderings. In this paper several parallel implementations of the fast sweeping method are presented. These parallel algorithms are simple and efficient due to the causality of the underlying partial different equations. Numerical examples are used to verify our algorithms.