Improving the performance of anode is a crucial step for increasing output power of marine sediment microbial fuel cells(MSMFCs)to drive marine monitor to work for a long term on the ocean floor.A pyrolyzed iron phtha...Improving the performance of anode is a crucial step for increasing output power of marine sediment microbial fuel cells(MSMFCs)to drive marine monitor to work for a long term on the ocean floor.A pyrolyzed iron phthalocyanine modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite(FePc/MWCNTs)has been utilized as a novel nodified anode in the MSMFC.Its structure of the composite modified anode and electrochemical performance have been investigated respectively in the paper.There is a substantial improvement in electron-transfer efficiency from the bacteria biofilm to the modified anode via the pyrolyzed FePc/MWCNTs composite based on their cyclic voltammetry(CV)and Tafel curves.The electron transfer kinetic activity of the FePc/MWCNTs-modified anode is 1.86 times higher than of the unmodified anode.The maximum power density of the modified MSMFC was 572.3±14 m W m^-2,which is 2.6 times larger than the unmodified one(218.3±11 m W m^-2).The anodic structure and cell scale would be greatly minimized to obtain the same output power by the modified MSMFC,so that it will make the MSMFC to be easily deployed on the remote ocean floor.Therefore,it would have a great significance for us to design a novel and renewable long term power source.Finally,a novel molecular synergetic mechanism is proposed to elucidate its excellent electrochemical performance.展开更多
As a new type of ironmaking raw materials,carbon composite iron ore hot briquette(CCB) is the product of fine iron ore and fine coal by hot briquetting process.On basis of experimental research on the manufacturing an...As a new type of ironmaking raw materials,carbon composite iron ore hot briquette(CCB) is the product of fine iron ore and fine coal by hot briquetting process.On basis of experimental research on the manufacturing and metallurgical properties of CCB,this study focused on the application of CCB to blast furnace ironmaking and newly-developed shaft furnace smelting reduction processes.Firstly,the metallurgical properties of CCB are experimentally tested and compared with the common iron-bearing burdens.Then,the effects of charging CCB on blast furnace operation are numerically analyzed by means of multi-fluid blast furnace model,and the flowchart and pilot test of CCB-Shaft furnace smelting reduction process are briefly introduced.展开更多
CE （=%C＋（1/3）x（%Si）） does not suit experiment results in many cases. In this work, the effect of alloy elements on primary crystal temperature was measured and the relationship between primary crystal temperatu...CE （=%C＋（1/3）x（%Si）） does not suit experiment results in many cases. In this work, the effect of alloy elements on primary crystal temperature was measured and the relationship between primary crystal temperature （Tc） and carbon equivalent （CEL） was investigated. The results show that Tc （Celsius degree） = 1650-110 × （%C） -25 × （%Si）＋3 × （%Mn） -35 × （%P） -71 × （%5）-2 × （%Ni） -7 × （%Cr）; CEL=%C ＋ 0.23×（%Si）-0.03× （%Mn）＋0.32×（%P）＋0.64×（%S） ＋0.02×（%Ni）＋0.06×（%Cr）. That is, in hypo eutectic composition, carbon equivalent should be calculated with CEL=%C＋ 0.23×（%Si）, not with CE=%C＋（1/3） x（%Si）.展开更多
The electromagnetic （EM） wave absorbing property of silicone rubber filled with carbonyl iron particles （CIPs） and multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs） was examined. Absorbents including MWCNTs and spherical/ ...The electromagnetic （EM） wave absorbing property of silicone rubber filled with carbonyl iron particles （CIPs） and multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs） was examined. Absorbents including MWCNTs and spherical/ flaky CIPs were added to silicone rubber using a two-roll mixer. The complex permittivity and complex permeability were measured over the frequency range of 1-18 GHz. The two EM parameters were verified and the uniform dispersion of MWCNTs and ClPs was confirmed by comparing the measured reflection loss （RL） with the calculated one. As the MWCNT weight percent increased, the RL of the spherical CIPs/silicone rubber composites changed insignificantly. It was attributed to the random distribution of spherical ClPs and less content of MWCNTs. On the contrary, for composites filled with flaky ClPs the absorption bandwidth increased at thickness 0.5 mm （RL value lower than -5 dB in 8-18 GHz） and the absorption ratio increased at lower frequency （minimum -35 dB at 3.5 GHz）. This effect was attributed to the oriented distribution of flaky CIPs caused by interactions between the two absorbents. Therefore, mixing MWCNTs and flaky CIPs could achieve wider-band and higher-absorption ratio absorbing materials.展开更多
Anode modification plays a key role in higher power output in marine sediment microbial fuel cells(MSMFCs).A low-molecular organosilicon compound(3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane)was grafted onto the surface of carbon fel...Anode modification plays a key role in higher power output in marine sediment microbial fuel cells(MSMFCs).A low-molecular organosilicon compound(3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane)was grafted onto the surface of carbon felt using chemical method and a composite modified anode was prepared through organic ligands coordination Fe^(3+)for better electro-chemical per-formance.Results show that the biofilm resistance of the composite modified anode(2707Ω)is 1.3 times greater than that of the unmodified anode(2100Ω),and its biofilm capacitance also increases by 2.2 times,indicating that the composite modification pro-motes the growth and attachment of electroactive bacteria on the anode.Its specific capacitance(887.8 Fm^(−2))is 3.7 times higher than that of unmodified anode,generating a maximum current density of 1.5Am^(−2).In their Tafel curves,the composite modified anodic exchange current density(5.25×10^(−6)Acm^(−2))is 5.8 times bigger than that of unmodified anode,which suggests that the electro-chemical activity of redox,anti-polarization ability and electron transfer kinetic activity are significantly enhanced.The marine sediment microbial fuel cell with the composite modified anode generates the higher power densities than the blank(203.8mWm^(−2) versus 45.07mWm^(−2)),and its current also increases by 4.4 times.The free amino groups on the anode surface expands a creative idea that the modified anode ligates the natural Fe(Ⅲ)ion in sea water in the MSMFCs for its higher power output.展开更多
基金supported by the National Defense Science and Technology Innovation Zone Project (Nos. 17H863-05-ZT-002-040-001 and 18-H863-05-ZT-002-01301
文摘Improving the performance of anode is a crucial step for increasing output power of marine sediment microbial fuel cells(MSMFCs)to drive marine monitor to work for a long term on the ocean floor.A pyrolyzed iron phthalocyanine modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite(FePc/MWCNTs)has been utilized as a novel nodified anode in the MSMFC.Its structure of the composite modified anode and electrochemical performance have been investigated respectively in the paper.There is a substantial improvement in electron-transfer efficiency from the bacteria biofilm to the modified anode via the pyrolyzed FePc/MWCNTs composite based on their cyclic voltammetry(CV)and Tafel curves.The electron transfer kinetic activity of the FePc/MWCNTs-modified anode is 1.86 times higher than of the unmodified anode.The maximum power density of the modified MSMFC was 572.3±14 m W m^-2,which is 2.6 times larger than the unmodified one(218.3±11 m W m^-2).The anodic structure and cell scale would be greatly minimized to obtain the same output power by the modified MSMFC,so that it will make the MSMFC to be easily deployed on the remote ocean floor.Therefore,it would have a great significance for us to design a novel and renewable long term power source.Finally,a novel molecular synergetic mechanism is proposed to elucidate its excellent electrochemical performance.
文摘As a new type of ironmaking raw materials,carbon composite iron ore hot briquette(CCB) is the product of fine iron ore and fine coal by hot briquetting process.On basis of experimental research on the manufacturing and metallurgical properties of CCB,this study focused on the application of CCB to blast furnace ironmaking and newly-developed shaft furnace smelting reduction processes.Firstly,the metallurgical properties of CCB are experimentally tested and compared with the common iron-bearing burdens.Then,the effects of charging CCB on blast furnace operation are numerically analyzed by means of multi-fluid blast furnace model,and the flowchart and pilot test of CCB-Shaft furnace smelting reduction process are briefly introduced.
文摘CE （=%C＋（1/3）x（%Si）） does not suit experiment results in many cases. In this work, the effect of alloy elements on primary crystal temperature was measured and the relationship between primary crystal temperature （Tc） and carbon equivalent （CEL） was investigated. The results show that Tc （Celsius degree） = 1650-110 × （%C） -25 × （%Si）＋3 × （%Mn） -35 × （%P） -71 × （%5）-2 × （%Ni） -7 × （%Cr）; CEL=%C ＋ 0.23×（%Si）-0.03× （%Mn）＋0.32×（%P）＋0.64×（%S） ＋0.02×（%Ni）＋0.06×（%Cr）. That is, in hypo eutectic composition, carbon equivalent should be calculated with CEL=%C＋ 0.23×（%Si）, not with CE=%C＋（1/3） x（%Si）.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50805005)the National "863" Project of China (Grant No. 2009AA043804)the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of PR China (Grant No. 2007B32)
文摘The electromagnetic （EM） wave absorbing property of silicone rubber filled with carbonyl iron particles （CIPs） and multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs） was examined. Absorbents including MWCNTs and spherical/ flaky CIPs were added to silicone rubber using a two-roll mixer. The complex permittivity and complex permeability were measured over the frequency range of 1-18 GHz. The two EM parameters were verified and the uniform dispersion of MWCNTs and ClPs was confirmed by comparing the measured reflection loss （RL） with the calculated one. As the MWCNT weight percent increased, the RL of the spherical CIPs/silicone rubber composites changed insignificantly. It was attributed to the random distribution of spherical ClPs and less content of MWCNTs. On the contrary, for composites filled with flaky ClPs the absorption bandwidth increased at thickness 0.5 mm （RL value lower than -5 dB in 8-18 GHz） and the absorption ratio increased at lower frequency （minimum -35 dB at 3.5 GHz）. This effect was attributed to the oriented distribution of flaky CIPs caused by interactions between the two absorbents. Therefore, mixing MWCNTs and flaky CIPs could achieve wider-band and higher-absorption ratio absorbing materials.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(No.22075262).
文摘Anode modification plays a key role in higher power output in marine sediment microbial fuel cells(MSMFCs).A low-molecular organosilicon compound(3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane)was grafted onto the surface of carbon felt using chemical method and a composite modified anode was prepared through organic ligands coordination Fe^(3+)for better electro-chemical per-formance.Results show that the biofilm resistance of the composite modified anode(2707Ω)is 1.3 times greater than that of the unmodified anode(2100Ω),and its biofilm capacitance also increases by 2.2 times,indicating that the composite modification pro-motes the growth and attachment of electroactive bacteria on the anode.Its specific capacitance(887.8 Fm^(−2))is 3.7 times higher than that of unmodified anode,generating a maximum current density of 1.5Am^(−2).In their Tafel curves,the composite modified anodic exchange current density(5.25×10^(−6)Acm^(−2))is 5.8 times bigger than that of unmodified anode,which suggests that the electro-chemical activity of redox,anti-polarization ability and electron transfer kinetic activity are significantly enhanced.The marine sediment microbial fuel cell with the composite modified anode generates the higher power densities than the blank(203.8mWm^(−2) versus 45.07mWm^(−2)),and its current also increases by 4.4 times.The free amino groups on the anode surface expands a creative idea that the modified anode ligates the natural Fe(Ⅲ)ion in sea water in the MSMFCs for its higher power output.
