降水数据产品的兴起为水文气象领域研究提供了新思路,为缺资料地区水文预报、水资源管控提供有力数据支撑。作为站点数据的重要补充,其准确性对径流模拟、水文测报等至关重要。郑州市近些年暴雨事件频发,地面雨量站数量较少,不足以支撑...降水数据产品的兴起为水文气象领域研究提供了新思路,为缺资料地区水文预报、水资源管控提供有力数据支撑。作为站点数据的重要补充,其准确性对径流模拟、水文测报等至关重要。郑州市近些年暴雨事件频发,地面雨量站数量较少,不足以支撑水文气象工作者制定决策,通过定量指标与分类指标评估中国区域地面气象要素驱动数据集(CMFD)、Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM final run(GPM IMERG)、欧洲中期天气预报中心第5代再分析数据(ERA5)及Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation(GSMaP)4套降水数据产品,筛选出适用于郑州市的降水数据,并采用Slope分析法及MK检验法揭示郑州市降水时空演变规律。结果表明:4种卫星降水产品在郑州市均取得较好适用性,其中CMFD在总体上表现最优;4套降水数据均表现出高估小雨,低估中雨和大雨的现象;在空间上,4套降水数据在郑州市西南区域总体表现优于东北区域;郑州市降水在时间上呈现不显著下降趋势,下降率约为0.2 mm/a,在空间上,呈现出自西南向东北递减的趋势。展开更多
We analyzed the spatiotemporal variations in surface air temperature and key climate change indicators over the Tibetan Plateau during a common valid period from 1979 to 2018 to evaluate the performance of different d...We analyzed the spatiotemporal variations in surface air temperature and key climate change indicators over the Tibetan Plateau during a common valid period from 1979 to 2018 to evaluate the performance of different datasets on various timescales.We used observations from 22 in-situ observation sites,the CRA-40/Land(CRA)reanalysis dataset,the China Meteorological Forcing Dataset(CMFD),and the ERA-Interim(ERA)reanalysis dataset.The three datasets are spatially consistent with the in-situ observations,but slightly underestimate the annual mean surface air temperature.The daily mean surface air temperature estimated by the CRA,CMFD,and ERA datasets is closer to the in-situ observations after correction for elevation.The CMFD shows the best performance in simulating the annual mean surface air temperature over the Tibetan Plateau,followed by the CRA and ERA datasets with comparable performances.The CMFD is relatively accurate in simulating the daily mean surface air temperature over the Tibetan Plateau on an annual scale,whereas both the CRA and ERA datasets perform better in summer than in winter.The increasing trends in the annual mean surface air temperature over the Tibetan Plateau from 1979 to 2018 reflected by the CRA dataset and the CMFD are 0.5℃(10 yr)^(-1),similar to the in-situ observations,whereas the warming rate in the ERA dataset is only 0.3℃(10 yr)^(-1).The trends in the length of the growing season derived from the in-situ observations,the CRA,CMFD,and ERA datasets are 5.3,4.8,6.1,and 3.2 day(10 yr)^(-1),respectively.Our analyses suggest that both the CRA dataset and the CMFD perform better than the ERA dataset in modeling the changes in surface air temperature over the Tibetan Plateau.展开更多
文摘降水数据产品的兴起为水文气象领域研究提供了新思路,为缺资料地区水文预报、水资源管控提供有力数据支撑。作为站点数据的重要补充,其准确性对径流模拟、水文测报等至关重要。郑州市近些年暴雨事件频发,地面雨量站数量较少,不足以支撑水文气象工作者制定决策,通过定量指标与分类指标评估中国区域地面气象要素驱动数据集(CMFD)、Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM final run(GPM IMERG)、欧洲中期天气预报中心第5代再分析数据(ERA5)及Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation(GSMaP)4套降水数据产品,筛选出适用于郑州市的降水数据,并采用Slope分析法及MK检验法揭示郑州市降水时空演变规律。结果表明:4种卫星降水产品在郑州市均取得较好适用性,其中CMFD在总体上表现最优;4套降水数据均表现出高估小雨,低估中雨和大雨的现象;在空间上,4套降水数据在郑州市西南区域总体表现优于东北区域;郑州市降水在时间上呈现不显著下降趋势,下降率约为0.2 mm/a,在空间上,呈现出自西南向东北递减的趋势。
基金Supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(2019QZKK1001)Science Funds from Beijing Meteorological Service(BMBKJ202003008)。
文摘We analyzed the spatiotemporal variations in surface air temperature and key climate change indicators over the Tibetan Plateau during a common valid period from 1979 to 2018 to evaluate the performance of different datasets on various timescales.We used observations from 22 in-situ observation sites,the CRA-40/Land(CRA)reanalysis dataset,the China Meteorological Forcing Dataset(CMFD),and the ERA-Interim(ERA)reanalysis dataset.The three datasets are spatially consistent with the in-situ observations,but slightly underestimate the annual mean surface air temperature.The daily mean surface air temperature estimated by the CRA,CMFD,and ERA datasets is closer to the in-situ observations after correction for elevation.The CMFD shows the best performance in simulating the annual mean surface air temperature over the Tibetan Plateau,followed by the CRA and ERA datasets with comparable performances.The CMFD is relatively accurate in simulating the daily mean surface air temperature over the Tibetan Plateau on an annual scale,whereas both the CRA and ERA datasets perform better in summer than in winter.The increasing trends in the annual mean surface air temperature over the Tibetan Plateau from 1979 to 2018 reflected by the CRA dataset and the CMFD are 0.5℃(10 yr)^(-1),similar to the in-situ observations,whereas the warming rate in the ERA dataset is only 0.3℃(10 yr)^(-1).The trends in the length of the growing season derived from the in-situ observations,the CRA,CMFD,and ERA datasets are 5.3,4.8,6.1,and 3.2 day(10 yr)^(-1),respectively.Our analyses suggest that both the CRA dataset and the CMFD perform better than the ERA dataset in modeling the changes in surface air temperature over the Tibetan Plateau.
