Case Retrieval Strategy of Turning Process Based on Grey Relational Analysis

To solve the problem of long response time when users obtain suitable cutting parameters through the Internet based platform,a case-based reasoning framework is proposed.Specifically,a Hamming distance and Euclidean distance combined method is designed to measure the similarity of case features which have both numeric and category properties.In addition,AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process)and entropy weight method are integrated to provide features weight,where both user preferences and comprehensive impact of the index have been concerned.Grey relation analysis is used to obtain the similarity of a new problem and alternative cases.Finally,a platform is also developed on Visual Studio 2015,and a case study is demonstrated to verify the practicality and efficiency of the proposed method.This method can obtain cutting parameters which is suitable without iterative calculation.Compared with the traditional PSO(Particle swarm optimization algorithm)and GA(Genetic algorithm),it can obtain faster response speed.This method can provide ideas for selecting processing parameters in industrial production.While guaranteeing the characteristic information is similar,this approach can select processing parameters which is the most appropriate for the production process and a lot of time can be saved.

Geometrical Reconstruction and CNC Process of Spurious Tympanic Membrane Based on Reverse Engineering

Perforation of tympanic membrane is one of the main reasons for both deafness and dyssaudia.We could improve and restore audition by restoring or replacing the tympanic membrane.So,whether you can make the spurious tympanic membrane successfully is one of the keys to a successful operation.Utilizing CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine) measurement equipment, we measured tympanic membrane model precisely and digitally.We also analysed the measured data by point to surface and we have successfully reconstructed the CAD model of the spurious tympanic membrane.Using the model we have got,we schemed out the mold of spurious tympanic membrane.In addition,we utilized MasterCAM compiling CNC (Computerized Numerical Con- trol) code and simulating the course of working.Ultimately,we obtained the mold of spurious tympanic membrane.Our research in this article has great significance to the success of spurious tympanic membrane grafting operation.

HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE CALCULATION AND OPTIMIZATION FOR DESIGN OF BEAM & SLIDE-REST GUIDEWAYS IN HEAVY DUTY CNC VERTICAL TURNING MILL

Aiming at the approximate error of commonly used methods on calculation of hydrostatic pressures of closed hydrostatic guideways with multiple pockets, a more accurate solution is proposed. Taking design of beam ＆ slide-rest guideways for a heavy duty CNC vertical turning mill as an example, under an assumption that stiffnesses of guideways and their jointing structure are sufficiently large, the pressures of the pockets can be attained by adding a co-planarity equation that constrains pocket centers. Then, an optimization model is built to minimize the highest pocket pressure under additional constraints that are posed on the highest seal margin pressure, the highest levitating pressure of the pockets, and the maximum deformation of the guideways. The optimization problem is solved sequentially by using the methods of design of experiments and adaptive simulated annealing on iSIGHT software platform. The results show significant improvements to the original design. Optimized maximum hydrostatic pressure meets the requirement of hydraulic system.

Multi-Objective Optimization Using Genetic Algorithms of Multi-Pass Turning Process

In this paper we present a multi-optimization technique based on genetic algorithms to search optimal cuttings parameters such as cutting depth, feed rate and cutting speed of multi-pass turning processes. Tow objective functions are simultaneously optimized under a set of practical of machining constraints, the first objective function is cutting cost and the second one is the used tool life time. The proposed model deals multi-pass turning processes where the cutting operations are divided into multi-pass rough machining and finish machining. Results obtained from Genetic Algorithms method are presented in Pareto frontier graphic;this technique helps us in decision making process. An example is presented to illustrate the procedure of this technique.

CPS Modeling of CNC Machine Tool Work Processes Using an Instruction-Domain Based Approach

Building cyber-physical system(CPS) models of machine tools is a key technology for intelligent manufacturing. The massive electronic data from a computer numerical control(CNC) system during the work processes of a CNC machine tool is the main source of the big data on which a CPS model is established. In this work-process model, a method based on instruction domain is applied to analyze the electronic big data, and a quantitative description of the numerical control(NC) processes is built according to the G code of the processes. Utilizing the instruction domain, a work-process CPS model is established on the basis of the accurate, real-time mapping of the manufacturing tasks, resources, and status of the CNC machine tool. Using such models, case studies are conducted on intelligent-machining applications, such as the optimization of NC processing parameters and the health assurance of CNC machine tools.

Artificial Neural Networks Based Integrated Predictive Modelling of Quality Characteristics in CNC Turning of Cantilever Bars

The objective of this study is to develop an effective approach for product quality prediction in Computer Numerical Control turning of cantilever bars. A systematic predictive modelling procedure based on experimental investigations, neural network modelling and various statistical analysis tools is designed to produce the most accurate, practical and cost-effective prediction model. The modeling procedure begins by exploring the relationships between cutting parameters known to have an influence on quality characteristics of machined parts, such as dimensional errors, form errors and surface roughness, as well as their sensitivity to the process conditions. Based on these explorations and using numerous statistical tools, the most relevant variables to include in the prediction model are identified and fused using several artificial neural network architectures. An application on CNC turning of cantilever bars demonstrates that the proposed modeling procedure can be effectively and advantageously applied to quality characteristics prediction due to its simplicity, accuracy and efficiency. The experimental validation reveals that the resulting prediction model can correctly predict the quality characteristics of machined parts under variable machining conditions.

Process Capability Analysis of a Centre Lathe Turning Process

A process capability study is performed for the turning process on a general purpose center lathe in order to verify the process performance and machine ability to perform within specified tolerance limit. The process and machine capability indices were measured to determine the process and machine adequacy for industrial application. The tolerance limits were obtained from the given nominal size of the shaft, using the basic hole system and 90 sample shafts were turned on the lathe machine to specification for varying spindle speed and feed rate of the lathe. Three (3) samples were randomly selected for the turning process of a combination of the spindle speed and feed rate as a subgroup size for a total subgroup of thirty (30). The diameters (representing the quality characteristics) were used to generate control charts and capability histogram for the process. The process is within statistical control but found incapable of meeting up to specification because the capability index (Cp) measured was less than 1 and the machine capability for industrial application is not adequate.

Analyzing the Effects of Tool Holder Stiffness on Chatter Vibration Reduction in Turning

This paper investigates the effects of tool holder materials on chatter vibration in turning operations.The study uses a complex dynamic turning model with two degrees of freedom for the orthogonal cutting system.Tool holders made from different materials,including Al 5083,Al 6082,Al 7012,and a standard 4140 material,were subjected to chatter vibration to investigate their process damping capabilities.The study found that the standard tool holder 4140 allows for higher stable depths of cut and produces similar process damping values compared to the other tool holders.Finite element analyses(FEA)were performed to verify the experimental results,and the modal and FEA analyses produced very similar results.The study concludes that future research should investigate the effects of tool holders made from high alloy steel alloys on process damping.Overall,this paper provides important insights into the effects of tool hold-er materials on chatter vibration and process damping in turning operations,which can help in the design of more effi-cient and effective cutting systems.

基于改进引力搜索算法的数控车削参数优化方法

为提高数控车削效率,优化生产质量,减少刀具磨损控制生产成本,提出一种基于改进引力搜索算法的数控车削参数优化方法。建立车削参数优化模型,通过多目标约束条件,确定参数优化的取值范围。通过多目标引力搜索方法,确定中心质点位置和质量,衡量质点优劣程度,经过迭代收敛在空间中搜索最优解。利用质点适应度函数并引入混沌思想改进算法实现全局优化。在混沌映射下反复推演质点的最佳位置,获得最终的优化参数最优值。实验结果表明:所提方法能很好地完成参数优化,降低生产成本,具备良好的有效性和鲁棒性。

基于SSA和双稳随机共振的车削颤振微弱特征提取

围绕车削颤振激发过程,针对车削颤振过渡阶段特征微弱且存在噪声和转频干扰的问题,提出一种基于麻雀优化算法(sparrow search algorithm, SSA)和双稳随机共振(bistable stochastic resonance, BSR)系统的车削颤振微弱特征提取方法。该方法利用SSA优良的寻优特性,以信噪比作为优化指标确定最佳BSR系统参数,用优化后的参数对车削颤振信号进行滤波处理,提取颤振特征频率。仿真试验表明SSA-BSR方法可以实现对强噪声背景下微弱特征信号的提取与增强,同时兼顾寻优速度快和获得全局最优解概率高的优点。开展车削颤振检测试验,颤振激发过程的加速度信号图谱分析结果验证了车削颤振特征频率幅值与颤振激发程度之间的相关性;不同模型在车削颤振过渡阶段特征提取的对比结果验证了SSA-BSR模型的有效性和优越性,并且能够满足车削颤振检测对实时性的要求,实现在进入剧烈颤振阶段前发出预警,为量化车削颤振和车削颤振在线监测提供一种新思路。

数控系统样条曲线插补技术研究综述

传统数控系统加工复杂曲线时,一般采用微小线段或圆弧段逼近的方法,加工精度低,易引发刀具抖动、机床振动等问题。随着CAD/CAM技术的发展,现代数控机床向高速度、高柔性方向发展,基于高质量加工的要求,提出样条曲线插补方法。对样条曲线插补方法进行综述,首先阐述了插补技术的重要性;其次从进给速度、加工精度等角度系统分析了样条曲线插补方法,分别介绍了A样条插补、B样条插补和C样条插补;最后描述了三种插补方法的发展过程和最新研究动态,对其未来趋势做了总结和展望。

基于3DS Max的数控机床加工系统设计

数控机床加工已成为机械现代化发展的核心部分,然而,当前数控机床加工的准确性仍然面临严峻挑战。研究基于3DS Max建模软件完成了数控机床加工系统设计。采用3DS Max软件绘制数控机床的3D模型,依据实际需求实现系统交互界面的可视化。结果显示:窗口的界面功能预测结果均与实际结果保持一致;切削仿真实验中加工数据的延迟最高为58 ms,最低为29 ms,平均延迟为36 ms,满足测试要求;研究系统占用率较低,为14%,低于其余3种系统的CPU占用率。以上结果均验证了所设计系统性能的优越性,表明所构建系统在数控机床加工控制领域有着十分重要的意义。

车削工艺参数对18CrNiMo7-6钢切削力及表面粗糙度的影响

为了探究车削工艺参数对18CrNiMo7-6钢标准疲劳试样不同位置的切削力和表面粗糙度的影响,采用CAK4085型数控车床对主轴转速n、背吃刀量a_(p)和进给速度v_(f)三个工艺参数进行单因素试验研究。结果表明:对于标准试样的圆弧段和标距段,切削用量对切削力和表面粗糙度的影响规律相同;背吃刀量a_(p)对切削力影响最大,进给速度v_(f)对切削力的影响次之,主轴转速n对切削力的影响最小;拟合的三个切削力分量指数公式中,主切削力的拟合误差为5.25%,背向力的拟合误差为2.29%,相对误差较小。结果显示,影响表面粗糙度Ra的最大因素为进给速度,Ra随v_(f)的增大而增大,圆弧切入段的表面粗糙度Ra比切出段高。综合考虑疲劳试样较好的加工工艺参数为:n=1000r/min,v_(f)=80mm/min,a_(p)=0.3mm。本研究结果可为疲劳试样的车削加工工艺制定提供参考依据。

基于PMC控制的数控车削实训安全防护装置设计

数控车削实训可以提升学生的实践动手能力,激发学生的实践创新能力。由于数控车削实训涉及教学内容较多,且要求学生独立操作数控设备,具有一定的安全隐患。该文通过分析传统教学安全措施,并梳理数控车削常见安全隐患及其发生原因,结合数控车削实训实际情况,提出了基于可编程机床控制器(production material control, PMC)控制的数控车削实训安全防护装置。使用数控机床自带的PMC实时监控实训工量器具,设置一定的逻辑关系控制主轴的启动,以实现安全防护目的;通过“指纹授权+逻辑关系”协助实训指导教师进行管理,达到规范管理目的。实践证明:该安全防护装置能有效减少实训安全事故的发生,提升学生职业素养,降低实训指导教师的劳动强度。

基于OBE理念的数控车削创意作品课程教学改革探究

OBE理念引导工程类本科实践教学着眼于“新工科”和“课程思政”,对工程类本科实践教学提出了挑战。数控车削创意作品课程打破传统的指定零部件的程序开发与数字化加工模式,把数控车削的程序开发、数字化加工和创意作品的构思、设计与加工相结合,打造以培养学生“积极应对变化、主动塑造世界、具备家国情怀”为目标导向的创意作品课程。

CNC 并行多任务调度算法及其实现

在分析ＣＮＣ系统多任务特点的基础上，介绍了ＣＮＣ系统的多任务分类方法，并提出了基于通用３２位操作系统、运行于保护模式下的多任务调度方法。采用基于优先级的抢占式调度、循环调度和事件驱动相结合的方法，较好地解决了各任务间的同步与互斥关系。这种方法已应用于３２位车床ＣＮＣ系统。

基于AHP法的智能制造CNC资源的优选

在开放式数控系统的开发中,针对国内外众多的数控系统硬软件平台,并利用层次分析法多准则决策方法的定性、定量结合的思路,建立层次结构数学模型,成功地筛选出了满足要求的理想的开放CNC数控系统。该系统是用PMAC多轴运动控制卡构造的PMAC-NC数控系统,能满足工程技术的要求和教学的需要。

数控车铣中心铣削加工工艺的应用分析

数控车铣中心是一种用于机械工程领域的工艺试验仪器,以车为主,以铣为辅助,相当于一台数控车床和一台加工中心的复合,其优势在于作业过程中可保持稳定、精密、快速加工,广泛应用于航空航天、汽车制造、模具制造等领域。本文以数控车铣中心铣削加工工艺应用为研究对象对其进行分析和探讨,首先介绍了数控车铣分类,然后分析了数控车铣中心铣削加工工艺的应用各要点,最后提出了提升数控铣削加工质量的措施,以期能够为促进铣削加工工艺发展提供有效参考。

基于非参数回归响应面法的高精车铣复合机床床身多目标联合优化设计

精密化是机械加工领域追求的目标,数控车铣复合机床作为高端机械加工装备,其床身的动静态特性对机床加工精度有显著影响。针对当前床身结构优化方法效率低、效果差的问题,文章提出一种非参数响应面法的多目标联合优化方案。该方案首先根据有限元分析结果挑选出模型的优化尺寸,并将床身质量、最大形变、一阶固有频率作为联合优化目标;通过建立参数试验对尺寸进行敏感性分析,精准选出敏感性较大尺寸;基于非参数回归法建立响应面,导入所选尺寸,计算试验样本的响应值,建立非参数回归响应面优化模型,并采用多目标遗传算法找出最优设计方案。最优方案优化结果为:机床床身最大形变降低约14.667%,一阶固有频率提升约3.187%,质量降低约1.208%。结果表明该优化方案能够高效提升机床床身动静态特性,为机床优化设计提供理论依据。

CNC圆雕工艺参数对木制部件表面粗糙度的影响

CNC圆雕技术已被广泛应用,但业界对加工参数方面的研究比较少,大部分工人多是依靠自己的经验来设定参数,产品加工质量评定方法准确度不高。为探寻适合实木CNC圆雕雕刻加工规律,优化实木的数控雕刻加工质量,通过正交试验L_(16)(4~5)试验方案,针对树种、锥度球头刀刀尖直径、进给量及加工速度的工艺参数对木制部件表面粗糙度的影响进行试验研究,采用3D激光轮廓扫描仪对加工的木制部件的表面粗糙度进行检测。结果表明:刀具路径进给量的大小对圆雕制品的表面粗糙度、加工效率的影响较大;刀尖直径对部件表面加工质量及设备的加工效率有一定的影响;试验中所选择的加工速度对部件的表面粗糙度影响较小,树种对加工速度的影响主要取决于树种的构造及密度,对于密度低、纤维韧性好的树种,可适当提高加工速度,减少进给量来提高其表面加工质量。