Aphis glycines （Hemiptera： Aphididae） is considered as a cosmopolitan pest of cultivated soybean, major difficulties in its control measures may be due to its higher genetic diversity; however, the knowledge about ...Aphis glycines （Hemiptera： Aphididae） is considered as a cosmopolitan pest of cultivated soybean, major difficulties in its control measures may be due to its higher genetic diversity; however, the knowledge about population genetic diversity of this species is limited. This study aimed to represent the genetic differentiation among different geographic populations of soybean aphid in Northeast China. In order to investigate and assess the genetic diversity, genetic differentiation, molecular variance, population structure, ecological importance and evolutionary history of A. glycines, we sequenced a fragment of one protein-coding gene, the cytochrome c oxidase I/of mitochondrial DNA gene. The results showed that four haplotypes were defined among CO 11 gene of 180 sequences of soybean aphid in Northeast China including H1 shared by all the populations. Lower haplotype diversity （Hd=0.3590± 0.0420） and nucleotide diversity （Pi=0.0012±0.0002） were observed and high gene flow was detected in every two populations, while most of the variation （80.81%） arose from variability within A. glycines from individuals. Low genetic differentiation and high gene flow （Nm=2.106） indicated a high migration rate between the populations, which might reveal that gene flow in different geographic populations did not affect by geographical distance. The phylogenetic tree and the haplotype network ofA. glycines were obtained based on sequences of CO Ⅱ gene, there were no significant genealogical branches or clusters recognized in NJ tree, and no clear distribution, delineation of haplotypes were demonstrated in the haplotype network according to geographical location. This study rejected the vicariance hypothesis： geographic isolation could be a barrier and it restricted A. glycines gene flow among 10 populations.展开更多
【目的】研究贵州省茶棍蓟马不同地理种群间的遗传多样性,为掌握贵州省茶棍蓟马的遗传动态和扩散规律及制定防控措施提供理论依据。【方法】以贵州省11个不同地理区域的茶棍蓟马种群mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因序列为靶标,利用MEGA 6....【目的】研究贵州省茶棍蓟马不同地理种群间的遗传多样性,为掌握贵州省茶棍蓟马的遗传动态和扩散规律及制定防控措施提供理论依据。【方法】以贵州省11个不同地理区域的茶棍蓟马种群mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因序列为靶标,利用MEGA 6.0、DnaSP 5.10、Arlequin 3.5.2.2和Network 2.0等软件对种群遗传分化、基因流水平、分子变异及种群遗传多样性等进行分析。【结果】基于mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因分析时,分别检测到11种和9种单倍型,各地理种群的单倍型多样度(Hd)较高,分别为0.609和0.633;总体遗传固定指数(FST)分别为0.11902和0.09052,基因流(Nm)分别为2.00和2.51,表明贵州省茶棍蓟马各地理种群间的基因交流水平较高,种群间遗传分化较小。mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因序列的单倍型网状树分析均无明显分支;种群间的分子变异(AMOVA)分析结果表明,茶棍蓟马的遗传变异主要来自种群内部。总群体的中性检验Fu’s Fs不显著(P>0.05),且错配分布曲线呈现多峰,说明贵州省茶棍蓟马种群在较近的历史时期内保持相对稳定,未经历明显的种群扩张,或处于临界状态。【结论】贵州省茶棍蓟马种群遗传多样性较丰富,虽然尚未形成明显的种群扩张,但可能已处于临界状态,应积极采取综合防控措施,力争将茶棍蓟马种群数量控制在危害水平以下,以保证贵州省茶产业生产健康可持续发展。展开更多
The complete mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅱ （COⅡ） gene of Penaeinae shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis was cloned and sequenced. The gene is 688 bp in length and codes for 229 amino acids. It shows 83.2%,...The complete mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅱ （COⅡ） gene of Penaeinae shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis was cloned and sequenced. The gene is 688 bp in length and codes for 229 amino acids. It shows 83.2%, 87.0% and 83.8% sequence similarity to Marsupenaeus Japonicus, Penaeus monodon and Farfantepenaeus notialis, respectively. The A＋T content of the whole gene and that at the third position of codons are 64.7% and 78.2%, respectively. The phylogenetic relationship between F. chinensis and three other species representing genera Farfanatepenaeus, Marsupenaeus and Penaeus was analyzed. Results showed that the genetic distances among the four taxa ranged from 0.144 0 to 0.200 5, exceeding those estimated with COⅠ and partial 16S rRNA gene sequences among Marsupenaeus, Litopenaeus and Melicertus, and being therefore larger than the value among subgenera. It has been suggested that the COⅡ gene has a faster evolutionary rate than that of the COⅠ gene and partial 16S rRNA gene and could be used for phylogenetic analysis at genus or species level. The results of the present study indicated that Farfantepenaeus, Fenneropenaeus, Marsupenaeus and Penaeus are at a higher phylogenetic level than subgenus, which supports the opinion of the elevation of phylogenetic status of the four subgenera to genus level.展开更多
基金Supported by the Special funds for Construction of Modern Agricultural Technology System(CARS-04)Public Welfare Industry(Agriculture)Special Fund(201103002)
文摘Aphis glycines （Hemiptera： Aphididae） is considered as a cosmopolitan pest of cultivated soybean, major difficulties in its control measures may be due to its higher genetic diversity; however, the knowledge about population genetic diversity of this species is limited. This study aimed to represent the genetic differentiation among different geographic populations of soybean aphid in Northeast China. In order to investigate and assess the genetic diversity, genetic differentiation, molecular variance, population structure, ecological importance and evolutionary history of A. glycines, we sequenced a fragment of one protein-coding gene, the cytochrome c oxidase I/of mitochondrial DNA gene. The results showed that four haplotypes were defined among CO 11 gene of 180 sequences of soybean aphid in Northeast China including H1 shared by all the populations. Lower haplotype diversity （Hd=0.3590± 0.0420） and nucleotide diversity （Pi=0.0012±0.0002） were observed and high gene flow was detected in every two populations, while most of the variation （80.81%） arose from variability within A. glycines from individuals. Low genetic differentiation and high gene flow （Nm=2.106） indicated a high migration rate between the populations, which might reveal that gene flow in different geographic populations did not affect by geographical distance. The phylogenetic tree and the haplotype network ofA. glycines were obtained based on sequences of CO Ⅱ gene, there were no significant genealogical branches or clusters recognized in NJ tree, and no clear distribution, delineation of haplotypes were demonstrated in the haplotype network according to geographical location. This study rejected the vicariance hypothesis： geographic isolation could be a barrier and it restricted A. glycines gene flow among 10 populations.
文摘【目的】研究贵州省茶棍蓟马不同地理种群间的遗传多样性,为掌握贵州省茶棍蓟马的遗传动态和扩散规律及制定防控措施提供理论依据。【方法】以贵州省11个不同地理区域的茶棍蓟马种群mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因序列为靶标,利用MEGA 6.0、DnaSP 5.10、Arlequin 3.5.2.2和Network 2.0等软件对种群遗传分化、基因流水平、分子变异及种群遗传多样性等进行分析。【结果】基于mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因分析时,分别检测到11种和9种单倍型,各地理种群的单倍型多样度(Hd)较高,分别为0.609和0.633;总体遗传固定指数(FST)分别为0.11902和0.09052,基因流(Nm)分别为2.00和2.51,表明贵州省茶棍蓟马各地理种群间的基因交流水平较高,种群间遗传分化较小。mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因序列的单倍型网状树分析均无明显分支;种群间的分子变异(AMOVA)分析结果表明,茶棍蓟马的遗传变异主要来自种群内部。总群体的中性检验Fu’s Fs不显著(P>0.05),且错配分布曲线呈现多峰,说明贵州省茶棍蓟马种群在较近的历史时期内保持相对稳定,未经历明显的种群扩张,或处于临界状态。【结论】贵州省茶棍蓟马种群遗传多样性较丰富,虽然尚未形成明显的种群扩张,但可能已处于临界状态,应积极采取综合防控措施,力争将茶棍蓟马种群数量控制在危害水平以下,以保证贵州省茶产业生产健康可持续发展。
文摘The complete mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅱ （COⅡ） gene of Penaeinae shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis was cloned and sequenced. The gene is 688 bp in length and codes for 229 amino acids. It shows 83.2%, 87.0% and 83.8% sequence similarity to Marsupenaeus Japonicus, Penaeus monodon and Farfantepenaeus notialis, respectively. The A＋T content of the whole gene and that at the third position of codons are 64.7% and 78.2%, respectively. The phylogenetic relationship between F. chinensis and three other species representing genera Farfanatepenaeus, Marsupenaeus and Penaeus was analyzed. Results showed that the genetic distances among the four taxa ranged from 0.144 0 to 0.200 5, exceeding those estimated with COⅠ and partial 16S rRNA gene sequences among Marsupenaeus, Litopenaeus and Melicertus, and being therefore larger than the value among subgenera. It has been suggested that the COⅡ gene has a faster evolutionary rate than that of the COⅠ gene and partial 16S rRNA gene and could be used for phylogenetic analysis at genus or species level. The results of the present study indicated that Farfantepenaeus, Fenneropenaeus, Marsupenaeus and Penaeus are at a higher phylogenetic level than subgenus, which supports the opinion of the elevation of phylogenetic status of the four subgenera to genus level.
