An integrated technology for the absorption and utilization of CO_(2)in alkanolamine solution for the preparation of BaCO_(3)in a high-gravity environment

In this study,an integrated technology is proposed for the absorption and utilization of CO_(2)in alkanolamine solution for the preparation of BaCO_(3)in a high-gravity environment.The effects of absorbent type,high-gravity factor,gas/liquid ratio,and initial BaCl2concentration on the absorption rate and amount of CO_(2)and the preparation of BaCO_(3)are investigated.The results reveal that the absorption rate and amount of CO_(2)follow the order of ethyl alkanolamine(MEA)>diethanol amine(DEA)>N-methyldiethanolamine(MDEA),and thus MEA is the most effective absorbent for CO_(2)absorption.The absorption rate and amount of CO_(2)under high gravity are higher than that under normal gravity.Notably,the absorption rate at 75 min under high gravity is approximately 2 times that under normal gravity.This is because the centrifugal force resulting from the high-speed rotation of the packing can greatly increase gas-liquid mass transfer and micromixing.The particle size of BaCO_(3)prepared in the rotating packed bed is in the range of 57.2—89 nm,which is much smaller than that prepared in the bubbling reactor(>100.3 nm),and it also has higher purity(99.6%)and larger specific surface area(14.119 m^(2)·g^(-1)).It is concluded that the high-gravity technology has the potential to increase the absorption and utilization of CO_(2)in alkanolamine solution for the preparation of BaCO_(3).This study provides new insights into carbon emissions reduction and carbon utilization.

Application and prospects of spatial information technology in CO_(2)sequestration monitoring

This paper systematically reviews the current applications of various spatial information technologies in CO_(2)sequestration monitoring,analyzes the challenges faced by spatial information technologies in CO_(2)sequestration monitoring,and prospects the development of spatial information technologies in CO_(2)sequestration monitoring.Currently,the spatial information technologies applied in CO_(2)sequestration monitoring mainly include five categories:eddy covariance method,remote sensing technology,geographic information system,Internet of Things technology,and global navigation satellite system.These technologies are involved in three aspects:monitoring data acquisition,positioning and data transmission,and data management and decision support.Challenges faced by the spatial information technologies in CO_(2)sequestration monitoring include:selecting spatial information technologies that match different monitoring purposes,different platforms,and different monitoring sites;establishing effective data storage and computing capabilities to cope with the broad sources and large volumes of monitoring data;and promoting collaborative operations by interacting and validating spatial information technologies with mature monitoring technologies.In the future,it is necessary to establish methods and standards for designing spatial information technology monitoring schemes,develop collaborative application methods for cross-scale monitoring technologies,integrate spatial information technologies with artificial intelligence and high-performance computing technologies,and accelerate the application of spatial information technologies in carbon sequestration projects in China.

The Strategy and Technology Selection for Non-CO_2 Greenhouse Gas Emission Control

The emission control of non-CO2greenhouse gases is conducive to slowing down global warming.It is also helpful in controlling environmental pollution,and beneficial in improving the local health benefits.This paper aims at six kinds of non-CO2greenhouse gases under United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,namely methane(CH4),nitrous oxide(N2O),hydrofluorocarbons(HFCs),perfluorocarbons(PFCs),sulfur hexafluoride(SF6),and nitrogen trifluoride(NF3).This paper analyzes the emission status and trend of China’s non-CO2greenhouse gases,and provides some technology selections for non-CO2emission reduction.Through strategic policy arrangements and appropriate technology choices,China can gain environmental protection and greenhouse gas control.

注烟道气提高煤层气采收率(CO_2-ECBM)的可行性分析

CO2-ECBM技术是随着煤层气资源的大量开采和对温室效应的逐渐关注提出和发展起来的.应用CO2-ECBM技术可以提高煤层甲烷的采收率,为人类提供更多的清洁能源,同时又可以埋藏大量烟道气CO2,减少温室效应,具有环境效益.此外,本文给出案例分析了CO2-ECBM技术的发展前景.

CO_2-ECBM技术可行性及存在问题

本文总结概括和评述了注入CO_2强化煤层气采收率技术(CO_2-ECBM)的国内外研究现状、理论基础、储层条件及其对储层改造作用产生的问题。已有的理论分析与工程实践表明,向煤层中注入CO_2提高煤层气采收率技术具有巨大潜力,能够实现中国2000m以浅煤层气产量累计增产3.751×10^(12)m^3,该技术在理论和实际方面均有很广阔的应用前景,但其对储层的改造情况尚不明确,仍需要进一步研究。

CO_2-ECBM技术的利弊分析

CO_2-ECBM(注入CO_2开采煤层气)技术已成为研究热点,必须要对该技术有客观认识。基于对煤与煤层气之间相互作用及其运移过程的分析可知,注CO_2开采煤层气可通过增能作用、吸附置换和驱替作用来实现增产;与此同时,气源、工艺、腐蚀、安全及投资问题也都是工程实施过程中要考虑的因素。本文综合分析了注CO_2开采煤层气的利弊,指出应当综合考虑工艺本身的优点和缺点,根据实际情况,选择适合开发方式,还要对整个环节进行系统的经济评价,对理论研究和实际生产均有指导意义。

煤层气藏CO_2-ECBM注入过程中CO_2相态变化分析及应用——以沁水盆地柿庄北区块为例

CO_2相态变化直接影响其注入过程,CO_2相态变化分析是CO_2-ECBM成功实施的关键。基于柿庄北区块储层特征,结合实际CO_2注入参数,分析了CO_2-ECBM注入过程中参数对CO_2的相态影响及全过程相态变化。结合CO_2吸附置换能力试验,优化了研究区CO_2注入模式。结果显示:注入压力和地面温度对井下CO_2的状态影响较小。注入过程中井底温度在30℃附近,井底压力变化大。注入过程中,地面管汇中CO_2为液态,注入前期,从井筒到井底,CO_2相态从液态变为气态;注入20d后,井口压力和井底压力均大于7.3 MPa,注入CO_2将不会变为气态,而是一直以液态的形态存在。建议在开发中后期实施CO_2-ECBM增产措施。综合考虑地层破裂压力及置换效果,注入压力最优为2.5 MPa,为CO_2-ECBM技术推广提供依据与指导。

Application of Evolutionary Encryption 2D Barcode Generation Technology in Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Traceability System

Two-dimensional(2D) barcode technology is an electronic tagging technology based on combination of computer and optical technology. It is an important way of information collection and input. 2D barcode technology has been widely used in various fields of logistics,production automation,and e-commerce,but it also has brought about a series of safety problems. Based on evolutionary encryption technology,this paper improved algorithm of traditional 2D barcode generation,to improve forgery- proof performance of 2D barcode. This algorithm is applied to agricultural products quality and safety traceability system and the results show that it is effective.

CO_(2)-ECBM过程中煤层渗透率演化规律

为了研究煤层渗透率在煤层注入CO_(2)以驱替CH_(4)(CO_(2)-ECBM)过程中的时空演化规律,以离柳矿区地质条件为工程背景,采用COMSOL Multiphysics数值模拟手段,建立了CO_(2)-ECBM流-固-热多场耦合数值模型,采用五点布井法对CO_(2)-ECBM过程进行了数值模拟,对煤层渗透率随CO_(2)注入的时空演化规律进行了讨论。研究表明:瓦斯压力、CO_(2)注入以及煤基质的收缩/膨胀变形是影响渗透率演化的关键因素;煤基质吸附CO_(2)之后,其膨胀变形起主导作用,占据孔隙空间,导致渗透率下降,CO_(2)影响范围内的渗透率平均值降低了40%;沿CO_(2)注入井至抽采井,渗透率受CO_(2)影响越来越小,呈单调上升趋势;CO_(2)影响范围外,渗透率平均值增加14%。

Impact of technology use in type 2 diabetes distress:A systematic review

BACKGROUND Diabetes distress is an important factor in treatment outcomes and results in poor behavioral and biological consequences.Technology has been used in management programs of diabetes to improve communication between patients and health care providers and to promote education about the disease and its psychological aspects,which can impact the self-efficacy of the programs.However,the true impact of technological approaches on the management of type 2 diabetes distress remains controversial.AIM To investigate the effectiveness of technology interventions on the management of type 2 diabetes distress.METHODS Studies published from 2014 to 2019 were searched in five databases:MEDLINE,PubMed,Library and Information Science Source,Academic Search Ultimate and PsycINFO.The Boolean logic search terms were:(1)T2Diabetes;(2)diabetes distress;and(3)technology OR mobile OR phone OR application OR web.We also systematically searched the reference lists of the included studies and relevant reviews.Randomized controlled trials with technology interventions,type 2 diabetes patients and diabetes distress as the outcome were selected.The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement was followed.RESULTS Of the 88 studies selected,nine full articles met the inclusion criteria and were subjected to final careful review.On the JADAD scale,one article was classified as having poor quality and eight as having good quality.Six out of nine articles showed that technology interventions had a positive impact on diabetes distress scale scores when compared with the initial data.Among the six articles,five showed a greater reduction in the diabetes distress scores from control interventions.Web-based interventions had good results when users received personalized feedback and routine caregiver support and attention.CONCLUSION Technology interventions can contribute positively to the management of type 2 diabetes distress,especially with a tailored approach in conjunction with caregiver interaction with patients.

Technology Improvement for the High Reliability LM-2F Launch Vehicle

The Long March 2 F(LM-2F) launch vehicle, the only launch vehicle designed for manned space flight in China, successfully launched the Tiangong 2 space laboratory and the Shenzhou 11 manned spaceship into orbits in 2016 respectively. In this study, it introduces the technological improvements for enhancing the reliability of the LM-2F launch vehicle in the aspects of general technology, control system, manufacture and ground support system. The LM-2F launch vehicle will continue to provide more contributions to the Chinese Space Station Project with its high reliability and 100% success rate.

Satellite E2E Network Slicing Based on 5G Technology

We investigate the design of satellite network slicing for the first time to provide customized services for the diversified applications,and propose a novel scheme for satellite end-to-end(E2E) network slicing based on 5G technology,which provides a view of common satellite network slicing and supports flexible network deployment between the satellite and the ground.Specifically,considering the limited satellite network resource and the characteristics of the satellite channel,we propose a novel satellite E2E network slicing architecture.Therein,the deployment of the network functions between the satellite and the ground is coordinately considered.Subsequently,the classification and the isolation technologies of satellite network sub-slices are proposed adaptively based on 5G technology to support resource allocation on demand.Then,we develop the management technologies for the satellite E2E network slicing including slicing key performance indicator(KPI) design,slicing deployment,and slicing management.Finally,the analysis of the challenges and future work shows the potential research in the future.

Surveillance of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants by nanopore technology-based genome sequencing

Objective:To surveill emerging variants by nanopore technology-based genome sequencing in different COVID-19 waves in Sri Lanka and to examine the association with the sample characteristics,and vaccination status.Methods:The study analyzed 207 RNA positive swab samples received to sequence laboratory during different waves.The N gene cut-off threshold of less than 30 was considered as the major inclusion criteria.Viral RNA was extracted,and elutes were subjected to nanopore sequencing.All the sequencing data were uploaded in the publicly accessible database,GISAID.Results:The Omicron,Delta and Alpha variants accounted for 58%,22%and 4%of the variants throughout the period.Less than 1%were Kappa variant and 16%of the study samples remained unassigned.Omicron variant was circulated among all age groups and in all the provinces.Ct value and variants assigned percentage was 100%in Ct values of 10-15 while only 45%assigned Ct value over 25.Conclusions:The present study examined the emergence,prevalence,and distribution of SARS-CoV-2 variants locally and has shown that nanopore technology-based genome sequencing enables whole genome sequencing in a low resource setting country.

Property Characteristics of a TiB_(2P)/Al Composite Fabricated by Squeeze Casting Technology

TiB2P/Al composite was successfully fabricated by squeeze casting technology.Its mechanical and tribological properties were evaluated .The elimination of Ti-Al intermetallic compound was confirmed by X-ray diffraction （XRD）studies.At 45% volume fraction ,the bending strength at ambient temperature was 934 MPa.And the fracture modes included ductile failure of Al matrix and brittle fracture of TiB2 pqrticles.In dry sliding wear mode ,severe plastic deformation and adhesive wear were found on te worn surfaces of the SiCP/Al composite .But no obvious characteristics of adhesion or abrasion wear were observed on that of the TiB2P/Al composites .At the stedady stage ,the friction coefficient of the SiCP/Al composite was about 0.6 .While that of TiB2P/Al composite was only only about 0.16-0.17.

EFFECT OF Fe_2O_3 ON WELDING TECHNOLOGY AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WELD METAL DEPOSITED BY SELF-SHIELDED FLUX CORED WIRE

Five experimental self-shielded flux cored wires are fabricated withdifferent amount of Fe_2O_3 in the flux. The effect of Fe_2O_3 on welding technology and mechanicalproperties of weld metals deposited by these wires are studied. The results show that with theincrease of Fe_2O_3 in the mix, the melting point of the pretreated mix is increased. LiBaF_3 andBaFe_(12)O_(19), which are very low in inherent moisture, are formed after the pretreatment. Themechanical properties are evaluated to the weld metals. The low temperature notch toughness of theweld metals is increased linearly with the Fe_2O_3 content in the flux due to the balance betweenFe_2O_3 and residual Al in the weld metal. The optimum Fe_2O_3 content in flux is 2.5 percent approx3.5 percent.

The Route of V-2 Technology Transfer from Germany to the USSR,and on to China

V-2 technology was transferred from Germany to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics(USSR)and then on to China.The USSR imitated the captured German V-2 rocket,and independently developed the R-2.Later,China imitated the R-2 rocket provided by the USSR,and independently developed the Dong Feng-2(DF-2).The imitation or localization of foreign products is a key stage prior to independent development.Independent development of new models,in turn,is not only indicative of an upgrading of the transferred technology and the mastering of foreign technology,but also an illustration of innovation.Talent is the crucial resource on which technology transfer relies.The administrative system and domestic collaboration network required to coordinate the necessary tasks,including research,experimentation,design,and manufacture were established both in the USSR and in China.

Simulation and optimization for synthetic technology of 2-chloro-4,6-dinitroresorcinol based on back-propagation neural network

Back-propagation neural network was applied to predict and optimize the synthetic technology of 2-chloro-4,6-dinitroresorcinol. A model was established based on back-propagation neural network using the experimental data of homogeneous design as the training sample set and the technological parameters were optimized by it. The optimal technological parameters are as follows： the reaction time is 4h, the reaction temperature is 80℃, the molar ratio of NaOH to 4,6-dinitro-1,2,3-trichlorobenzene is 5.5：1, the molar ratio of methanol to 4,6-dinitro-1,2,3- trichlorobenzene is 11：1, and the molar ratio of water to 4,6-dinitro-1,2,3-trichlorobenzene is 70：1. Under the optimal conditions, three groups of experiments were performed and the average yield of 2-chloro-4,6-dinitroresorcinol is 96.64%, the absolute error of it with the predicted value is -1.07%.

Signal Processing Circuit Design of Infrared Detection System with SO2 Concentration Based on Correlation Filter Technology

Signals from infrared detector are very weak in SO2 concentration measuring system.In order to improve the sensitivity of detection,combining with filter correlation technology and infrared absorption principle,the weak signal processing circuit is designed according to correlation detection technology.Under laboratory conditions,system performance of SO2 concentration is tested,and the experimental data are analyzed and processed.Then relationship of SO2 concentration and the measuring voltage is provided to prove that the design improves measuring sensitivity of the system.

Preparation of Al2O3-Supported Nanoscale FeS Based on High-Gravity Technology and Its Application for Removing Chromium (Ⅵ) in Wastewater

AbstFeS has an excellent performance in removing heavy metal chromium(Ⅵ)in wastewater due to its good adsorption and reduction.The properties of easy aggregation and oxidization of nano-FeS,however,limit the applications of FeS in engineering.In this study,one FeS adsorbent supported by Al_(2)O_(3) was prepared using high-gravity technology in IS-RPB(Impinging Stream Rotating Packed Bed)to overcome polymerization and oxidation of nano-FeS.Experimental results showed that FeS was uniformly loaded on the surface and pores of Al_(2)O_(3).The specific surface area of FeS/Al_(2)O_(3) is 125 m2·g^(-1) which is nearly 1.6 times that of pure FeS.The adsorption capacity of FeS/Al_(2)O_(3) for chromium(Ⅵ)is 200 mg·g^(-1),1.4 times that of pure FeS.pH value and ionic strength are strongly correlated with the chromium removal performance of FeS/Al_(2)O_(3).Over 98%of chromium can be removed when pH values of FeS/Al_(2)O_(3) ranged from 4 to 6.Higher adsorption capacity is achieved with higher ionic strength in FeS/Al_(2)O_(3).The FeS/Al_(2)O_(3) maintained more than 95%of the adsorption capacity after being preserved for one month,but only 70%for pure FeS.The removal processes of chromium(Ⅵ)conformes to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model(R2≥0.9986),indicating that the rate-limiting step is a chemical sorption process instead of a mass transfer.

LM-3B Successfully Launched Communications Technology Test Satellite 2

At 23:18 Beijing time on January 5,a LM-3B carrier rocket lifted off from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center,sending a communication technology test satellite into its preset orbit.This successful launch was a good start for China’s launch missions in 2017.The Communications Technology Test Satellite 2 was developed by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology.It is a next-generation telecom-