Environmental assessment and nano-mineralogical characterization of coal,overburden and sediment from Indian coal mining acid drainage

The deterioration of environmental conditions is the major contributory factor to poor health and quality of life that hinders sustainable development in any region.Coal mining is one of the major industries that contribute to the economy of a country but it also impacts the environment.The chemical parameters of the coal,overburden,soil and sediments along with the coal mine drainage(CMD)were investigated in order to understand the overall environmental impact from high sulphur coal mining at northeastern coalfield(India).It was found that the total sulphur content of the coal is noticeably high compared to the overburden(OB)and soil.The volatile matter of the coal is sufficiently high against the high ash content of the soil and overburden.The water samples have a High Electrical Conductivity(EC)and high Total Dissolve Solid(TDS).Lower values of pH,indicate the dissolution of minerals present in the coal as well as other minerals in the mine rejects/overburden.The chemical and nano-mineralogical composition of coal,soil and overburden samples was studied using a High Resolution-Transmission Electron Microscopy(HR-TEM),Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy(EDS),Selected-Area Diffraction(SAED),Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy(FE-SEM)/EDS,X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR),Raman and Ion-Chromatographic analysis,and Mossbauer spectroscopy.From different geochemical analysis it has been found that the mine water sample from Ledo colliery has the lowest pH value of 3.30,Tirap colliery samples have the highest electrical conductivity value of5.40 ms cm^(-1)Both Ledo and Tirap coals have total sulphur contents within the range 3-3.50%.The coal mine water from Tirap colliery(TW-15 B)has high values of Mg^(2+)(450 ppm),and Br^-(227.17 ppm).XRD analysis revealed the presence of minerals including quartz and hematite in the coals.Mineral analysis of coal mine overburden(OB)indicates the presence both of pyrite and marcasite which was also confirmed in XRD and Mossbauer spectral analysis.The presented data of the minerals and ultra/nano-particles present shows their ability to control the mobility of hazardous elements,suggesting possible use in environmental management technology,including restoration of the delicate Indian coal mine areas.

Coal forming environments and their relationship to tectonic activity in the Cévennes Stephanian coal basin

Coal forming environments in the tectonically controlled intermontane Stephanian Cévennes coal basin (Massif central, France) show a complex interelationship between structural and sedimentological features. The study of the general structural features and the geometry of the coal beds developed during the different stages in the evolution of the basin, and the spatial relation of the lithofacial units to the early tectonic activities, lead the authors to suggest the following model. The synsedimentary faults that occurred as both intrabasinal and marginal faults controlled not only the spatial distribution, shape and thickness of the detrital rock units and coal seams, but also caused the inversion of the tectonic style. The marginal faults exercised important controls on the geometry of the basin and the distribution of lithofacial units. However due to the subsidence of the central part of the basin and the depocenter, and the to differences in the timing and intensity of the displacement the coal enrichment zones shifted both vertically and laterally. This eventually resulted in the inversion of the whole tectonic framework from semi graben through graben to a new semi graben. The style and rate of the tectonic movement and basin filling that occurred in the Stephanian Cévennes coal basin were in turn closely linked with the tectonic movement in the surrounding area. Therefore the authors propose that the environment and processes of coal formation in this basin are closely linked to its tectonic evolution.

Landscape architecture and environment improvement of coal enterprises

The coal enterprise＇s spoiled environment situation was analyzed in this paper. The coal enterprises＇environment conditions must be improved under the trend of sustainable development and economic globalization. And it is important for using landscape architecture techniques to improve coal enterprises＇ environmental conditions. Four principles should be followed to improve the coal enterprises＇ environment by landscape architect were pointed out.

Environmental benefits of underground coal gasification

Environmental benefits of underground coal gasification are evaluated. The results showed that through underground coal gasification, gangue discharge is eliminated, sulfur emission is reduced, and the amount of ash, mercury, and tar discharge are decreased. Moreover, effect of underground gasification on underground water is analyzed and CO 2 disposal method is put forward.

Sulfur in Coal and Its Environmental Impact from Yanzhou Mining District, China

Sulfur is one of the hazardous elements in coal. The concentrations of sulfur are relatively high in coal. The major forms of sulfur in coal are pyritic, organic and sulfate. Pyritic and organic sulfur generally account for the bulk of sulfur in coal. Elemental sulfur also occurs in coal, but only in trace to minor amounts. When coals are burned, leached and washed, sulfur will be released in the form of sulfide and H\-2S, which then react with O\-2, water and other substances to change into vitriol, and in some places it may form acid rain. And they will impact water environment, acidify the soil and do great harm to plants and human health. In this paper, on the basis of the data from the Yanzhou mining district, the distribution and concentrations of sulfur are analyzed and the existing forms of sulfur are studied. The variation of sulfur and its impact on the environments also are described when coal is used.

The concept, structure and characteristics of the distributed virtual coal-mine geographical environment

Distributed virtual coal-mine geography environment（CM-DVGE） researches the virtual reality simulation of coal-mine environment in cyberspace and the performance of coal production process. The goal is to deal with the practical safety problems of observation, analysis, design and training during the underground coal production process. This paper first probed into the evolution of CM-DVGE from a historical point of view, then respectively analyzed the characteristics of its physical progressive levels according to the cognitivd law and its logical structure of data on the basis of data flow, and concluded by putting forward the prospect of the application of CM-DVGE, thus enriched and developed the method of synthetic study of coal mine.

Radioactivity level of the ambient environment of Anren bone-coal power station

The radioactivity level of the ambient environment of Anren Bone-coal Power Station (BCPS) was investigated systematically. The γ radiation dose rate level in the environment, the content of 238U and 226Ra in the ambient soil and the farmland in the direction of downwind, the concentrations of 238U. 232Th. 226Ra 40K and 222Rn as well as α potential energy in air, and the concentrations of natural U and Th in effluent are all higher than the corresponding values of the reference site. The additional annual effective dose equivalent to the residents living in the houses made of bone-coal cinder brick is 2.7 mSv.

关于黑龙江省水煤浆产业发展的建议

为促进黑龙江水煤浆产业发展,分析水煤浆产业发展现状,探讨进一步加快发展水煤浆产业的建议,如政府主导统筹协调发展,地方推动配套工程示范,坚定落实绿色发展战略,增加核心技术储备等。

水煤浆添加剂的研究现状

近年来,水煤浆技术作为一种高效的煤炭清洁利用途径备受关注。但水煤浆的成浆性能受到煤质、煤粉粒度分布、添加剂等因素的制约,其中添加剂是水煤浆制备过程中决定生产成本和浆体性能的重要因素。介绍了传统水煤浆添加剂的主要特点,综述了污泥、工业废水、生物质等废弃物作为环保型水煤浆添加剂的研究进展,并对水煤浆添加剂未来的发展方向进行了展望。

大宗工业固体废弃物煤矸石的综合利用研究进展

煤矸石是煤炭开采及加工过程中产生的一种大宗工业固体废弃物,长期露天堆积不仅占用宝贵的土地资源,还会造成严重的环境问题从而危害人类健康。随着生态文明建设的深入推进及环保要求的不断提高,煤矸石的减量化、无害化处理及资源化利用已成为煤炭行业的迫切需求。本文从煤矸石的资源化综合利用等方面综述了煤矸石处理和利用的研究进展,总结了煤矸石处理的现状和存在的问题,探讨了煤矸石处理和利用的高质量发展趋势,最后提出了煤矸石全元素精细化及高值化利用等建议。

煤矿固体废弃物理化特征及生态环境影响研究

煤矿固体废弃物是煤炭开采、洗选和利用过程中产生的一种工业固体废弃物。我国煤矿固体废弃物虽然利用率逐年上升,但现阶段的堆存量仍然很大,它不仅侵占土地资源,还会造成严重的环境污染。本文通过系统检索知网、Web of Science和Google Scholar数据库,收集了2014—2024年间关于煤矿固体废弃物理化特征及生态环境影响方面的研究文献,综合分析发现,煤矿固体废弃物对环境的影响主要表现在:①煤矿固体废弃物在堆存过程中产生的多环芳烃、SO_(2)等气体和细颗粒物,会对大气产生污染;②煤矿固体废弃物中的重金属在淋滤过程中会污染周围地下水;③煤矿固体废弃物中的Cd、Cr、Hg等重金属元素会通过风化、浸出等过程向周围土壤迁移释放,造成严重的重金属污染。基于安全、环保、监测等相关规定,结合目前综合利用和处理现状,提出了今后煤矿固体废弃物的研究重点。

煤矸石综合利用技术现状与标准体系研究

煤矸石是煤炭开采和选煤过程中产生的主要废弃物,在我国西北地区产生量巨大。由于缺乏有效的综合利用,大量煤矸石无法消纳,只能就地堆存,占用了大量土地资源的同时也带来环境污染和生态破坏的风险,因此,探索建立煤矸石的综合利用技术体系,并配套完善的技术标准体系至关重要。本文对我国近十年来煤矸石产生和利用情况进行分析,并调研当前国内煤矸石综合利用技术现状和标准体系,分析总结出制约我国煤矸石综合利用技术发展存在的问题,包括无法支撑大规模消纳需求、缺乏技术标准体系支撑、技术区域特征明显、不利于复制推广等;针对技术推广过程中缺乏技术规范及标准的情况,总结当前煤矸石综合利用领域标准现状,提出当前标准体系中存在的问题,包括缺乏污染防控标准体系、缺乏综合利用技术规范等。通过上述分析,为煤矸石综合利用行业提出相应的建议,旨在为煤矸石综合利用技术体系的发展方向和标准体系的完善提供参考和借鉴,以实现煤矸石更加高效、安全和环保的综合利用。

煤炭码头粉尘无组织排放防治措施对比研究

露天堆场的粉尘无组织排放一直是干散货码头大气污染防治工作的重点和难点。苫盖和湿式除尘是我国专业化煤炭码头露天堆场粉尘无组织排放的两种主流防治措施。文章以北方某煤码头为例,基于露天堆场采用苫盖和湿式除尘措施下的粉尘无组织排放浓度监测数据,对两种主流粉尘防治措施的环保效益进行了对比分析。研究结果显示:采用湿式除尘措施比采用苫盖措施更适用于高周转率的专业化煤炭码头露天堆场的粉尘无组织排放的防治。

350MW燃煤电站Se、As、Pb迁移转化规律

本文基于国内某350 MW燃煤电站开展了重金属排放控制研究,系统分析了燃煤烟气尾部净化不同位置重金属的浓度分布,揭示了Se、As、Pb等重金属的迁移转化规律。研究表明,ESP出口,1μm以下、1~2.5μm、2.5~10μm的细颗粒态Se、As、Pb浓度均低于0.80μg/m^(3),ESP对细颗粒态重金属的脱除效率均超过95%。在ESP和WFGD联合作用下,气态Se、As、Pb的综合脱除效率分别为75.62%、87.48%、40.20%,排放至大气中的气态重金属浓度显著降低。此外,由于石灰石浆液和工艺水中As含量较高,导致该机组脱硫废水和石膏中As含量分别达到199.19μg/L和22.25 mg/kg,需要引起重视。考虑到燃煤副产物利用和堆积可能引发环境累积效应,若不经处理直接排放将对周围环境的安全造成潜在风险。

煤气化渣对矿山废水中黄药的吸附性能研究

这是一篇环境工程领域的论文。本论文以煤气化渣作为吸附剂,处理矿山废水中的正丁基钠黄药,通过X射线荧光分析仪、扫描电镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪以及比表面积和孔径分析对煤气化粗渣(CGCS)和煤气化细渣(CGFS)的成分、结构特征和表面性质进行了表征,结果表明,CGFS有着更发达的孔径结构和更大的比表面积。吸附实验研究表明,两种煤气化渣对正丁基钠黄药的吸附均符合Langmuir吸附等温线模型,是自发放热的过程,该吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型,吸附速率常数CGFS>CGCS。其中,CGFS对正丁基钠黄药的吸附性能优于CGCS,其最大吸附量可达181.95 mg/g。

四种环境材料单施对煤矿区土壤结构和性状的影响研究

为解决煤矿区土地复垦中表层土壤结构差、持水能力低和养分贫瘠等问题,通过土壤培养模拟试验,研究了单施聚丙烯酸钾、黑矾、生化腐植酸和煤基腐植酸等4种材料对土壤改良的效果,并确定了适宜的施用量。结果表明:与对照(CK)相比,4种材料中聚丙烯酸钾能显著降低土壤容重,提高孔隙度和田间持水量,其添加量5 g·kg^(-1)施用7 d时,容重较CK降低了14.02%,孔隙度、田间持水量分别提高了28.31%、54.32%;黑矾能降低土壤pH和速效养分,当添加量5 g·kg^(-1)施用25 d时,pH、有效磷、碱解氮和速效钾较CK分别降低了0.21、30.24%、56.81%、9.77%;两种腐植酸对土壤容重、田间持水量、pH、速效养分均有影响,添加8 g·kg^(-1)生化腐植酸作用25 d时,有效磷和碱解氮较CK提高了15.18%、55.83%,pH降低了0.38,而添加5 g·kg^(-1)煤基腐植酸时,有效磷、碱解氮和速效钾较CK分别提高了12.38%、28.72%、11.47%。研究表明,4种材料能不同程度改善土壤结构、提升水分保持能力、增加速效养分含量。

粉煤灰在环境修复中应用的研究进展:基于Web of Science的文献计量分析

为深入了解粉煤灰在环境修复领域应用的最新研究进展、研究热点及发展趋势,客观反映相关国家(地区)、机构和个人在该领域的科学贡献和影响。本文采用ISI Web of Knowledge的Web of Science^(TM)核心合集数据库,数据可视化分析软件Citespace和HistCite Pro,对1990~2022年该库收录的相关文献进行了计量分析,从发文量TOP10的国家(地区)、高产作者、来源期刊、重要研究机构和研究方向热点等方面对1990年以来粉煤灰在环境修复领域的应用和研究现状进行了分析,对了解粉煤灰在环境修复领域的研究方向、发展趋势和研究热点具有指导意义。

煤矿矿山地质环境保护与治理恢复措施实践研究

以某煤矿为研究案例,结合实地调查和地质勘察结果,综合分析工程项目的地质环境保护与治理恢复分区,并结合地质环境治理恢复目标和矿山环境保护治理任务,从地面塌陷治理恢复工程、含水层破坏治理恢复工程以及地形地貌景观及土地资源治理恢复工程三个角度介绍矿山地质环境保护与治理恢复工作内容。同时,为保障治理恢复工程开展中各类问题的及时发现和处理,在工程项目中引入矿山地质环境监测工程内容。现如今,相关矿山地质环境保护与治理恢复工程措施均已经得到有效应用,并在应用中表现出良好的社会效益、经济效益以及环境效益。

滇东典型煤矿区土壤重金属生态风险及来源解析

【研究目的】研究区地处滇东重要煤炭和农业产区,弄清煤矿区土壤重金属空间分布特征、潜在生态风险和污染来源,对煤矿区生态环境保护治理和确保农业安全具有重要现实意义。【研究方法】基于网格布点法于2021年6月在典型煤矿区采集土壤样品497件,分析了土壤pH、SOM、As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn,运用污染负荷指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对重金属污染状况和潜在生态风险进行评价,通过主成分分析和正定矩阵因子分析(PMF)模型分析了重金属潜在来源。【研究结果】土壤pH平均值为5.39,以酸性为主,SOM含量平均值是云南省土壤背景值的1.20倍,Cr、Cu、Cd、Ni、Zn和Hg含量平均值和中位数均超过云南省土壤背景值,绝大部分采样点Cd、Cu、Cr、Ni含量超过风险筛选值,分别占94.97%、93.96%、91.35%、79.28%,少部分采样点As、Cd含量超过管制值,分别占0.20%、1.41%。污染负荷指数法评价结果显示,研究区整体呈现轻微污染。潜在生态风险指数法评价结果显示,研究区整体呈现中等风险。主成分分析和PMF模型解析结果显示,研究区土壤重金属主要来源于地质背景,其次为农业活动和大气沉降。【结论】煤矿区土壤中Cd、Hg潜在生态风险较高,土壤重金属主要来源于地质背景,其次是农业活动和大气沉降,建议加强相关污染土地的监测和管理,减少农家肥不合理施用,强化煤炭工业污染排放监管。

非煤矿山资源综合利用新技术应用

非煤矿山资源的开发与利用面临环境和经济挑战,传统技术的局限性亟需解决。新技术如GIS、3D建模、大数据分析和物联网的应用,为资源综合利用提供了创新方案。技术整合模型的实施显著提高了资源利用效率,降低了环境影响,并增强了经济效益。南坪钽铌矿尾矿利用案例,证明了新技术在提升非煤矿山资源综合利用中的实际效果。