Analysis of Damage Pattern of Road Bridge Landslide in Mountainous Area

Through on-site defect investigation,special inspection,and finite element simulation calculation of a high-speed upper-span(30+32+30)m prestressed concrete box girder bridge,the overall sliding force of the bridge on the right side of platform 0#is analyzed.In this situation,typical defects such as overall girder slippage,support dislocation,pier column deviation,and pier bottom side cracks have occurred in the overpass.At the same time,combined with simulation calculation analysis,it is interpreted that the 0#and 1#foundation has been damaged at a certain position below the ground line.The occurrence of broken piles has provided a reliable basis for the later reinforcement and maintenance of the bridge and ideas for emergency inspection and analysis of bridges damaged by the same type of landslides.

A Calculation of Steady Pressure Drop and an Analysis of HT-7U CICC

Under the condition of steady state, the pressure drop of coolant is mainly caused by friction along the cable. In the CICC (cable-in-conduit-conductor), helium flow within the conductor consists of two parallel interconnected tubes. The velocity distribution has some differece between the central channel and conductor space. The region of Reynolds number is from 103 to 106. This paper describes the calculation of pressure drop of HT-7U CICC at various mass flows. It is assumed that the coolant flows in two parallel, rough tubes during the calculation.

Analysis of Wave Nonlinear Dispersion Relations

The nonlinear dispersion relations and modified relations proposed by Kirby and Hedges have the limitation of intermediate minimum value. To overcome the shortcoming, a new nonlinear dispersion relation is proposed. Based on the summarization and comparison of existing nonlinear dispersion relations, it can be found that the new nonlinear dispersion relation not only keeps the advantages of other nonlinear dispersion relations, but also significantly reduces the relative errors of the nonlinear dispersion relations for a range of the relative water depth of 1<kh<1.5 and has sufficient accuracy for practical purposes.

Analysis and seismic tests of composite shear walls with CFST columns and steel plate deep beams

A composite shear wall concept based on concrete filled steel tube （CFST） columns and steel plate （SP） deep beams is proposed and examined in this study. The new wall is composed of three different energy dissipation elements： CFST columns; SP deep beams; and reinforced concrete （RC） strips. The RC strips are intended to allow the core structural elements - the CFST columns and SP deep beams - to work as a single structure to consume energy. Six specimens of different configurations were tested under cyclic loading. The resulting data are analyzed herein. In addition, numerical simulations of the stress and damage processes for each specimen were carried out, and simulations were completed for a range of location and span-height ratio variations for the SP beams. The simulations show good agreement with the test results. The core structure exhibits a ductile yielding mechanism characteristic of strong column-weak beam structures, hysteretic curves are plump and the composite shear wall exhibits several seismic defense lines. The deformation of the shear wall specimens with encased CFST column and SP deep beam design appears to be closer to that of entire shear walls. Establishing optimal design parameters for the configuration of SP deep beams is pivotal to the best seismic behavior of the wall. The new composite shear wall is therefore suitable for use in the seismic design of building structures.

The Analysis and Calculation for the Toroidal Magnetic Field of HT-7U

The HT-7U super-conducting tokamak is a full super-conducting magnetically confined fusion device, It mainly consists of super-conducting toroidal field (TF) coils and super conducting poloidal field (PF) coils. This paper describes the distribution of magnetic field, ripple and electromagnetic loads of TF system, some results are necessary to analyze and calculate the stresses and deformation on TF system by a finite element method. Meanwhile, in this paper, the main scope of the calculation is carried out for the case of constant magnetic field on conductor of the TF coil winding in order to provide electromagnet parameters for the quench analysis of Cable-in-Conduit Conductor (CICC) of TF system in HT-7U.

Unified Analysis for Calculating the Incoherent Spontaneous Emission of Cooperative Radiations

A unified analysis is presented to calculate the incoherent spontaneous power of cooperative radiations based on self-amplified spontaneous emission. Using quantum mechanical tools, we derive analytical expressions for the incoherent spontaneous power of undulator and Cherenkov free-electron lasers （FELs）. The undulator and Cherenkov FELs are considered as two different examples for the radiation that accumulate cooperatively. In the case of the undulator FEL, we show an excellent agreement between an expression for the incoherent radiation power derived in the present work and that obtained using a completely different approach [Phys. Ftev. E 65 （2002） 026501]. For the Cherenkov radiation, we demonstrate a satisfactory agreement between the incoherent power predicted in our analysis and previous experimental results.

THE CALCULATION OF IN-LINE FORCE ON A VERTICAL CIRCULAR CYLINDER AND ANALYSIS OF HYDRODYNAMIC COEFFICIENTS C_D AND C_M IN WAVE-CURRENT CO-EXISTING FIELD

The purpose of this paper is to find some better methods for calculating in-line forces on a vertical circular cylinder and for analysing the hydrodynamic coefficients C_D and C_M in wave-current co-existing field. In this pa- per, in order to calculate hydrodynamic forces, the authors try to find a way of applying a great number of the re- sults about C_D and C_M for wave-only field in the case of wave-current co-existing field, and the results about C_D and C_M obtained in regular waves in the ease of irregular waves. Such a way may be of significance in engineering and further research.

An analytical method for quantitative estimation of the cytotoxicity of dental alloys using MTT assay,ICP analysis and effective cytotoxicity calculation

The two most important criteria for dental materials are their biofunctional and biocompatible endurance within the anticipated life-span of the dental restoration in the mouth. Biocompatibility relates mainly to the allergenicity and the toxicity of the material. To test the non-specific toxicity of dental materials, in vitro cell culture assays have been developed. For in vitro screening, such tests are recommended to check the cytotoxicity of dental materials (ISO 10993 5). Various studies have already been performed to quantitatively determine the cytotoxicity level of dental alloys. However, as long as only dental alloys and the cell culture technique are applied, it is not possible to determine which of the alloying elements cause the cytotoxicity. Therefore, an analytical method is needed. Wataha et al determined in 1991 the TC50 values of 9 metal cations of various dental casting alloys, using cell culture methods. Kapert et al reported in 1994 a complex in vitro test concept, where the ICP analysis (inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy) was introduced to measure the trace elements extracted from various alloys. Experimentelle Zahnheilkunde, Universitts ZMK Klinik Freiburg, Germany (Lü XY and Kappert HF) The aim of the present study was to find a relation between the ICP results, the TC50 value of metal cations, and the cytotoxicity of dental alloys. The cytotoxicity levels of various dental alloys and the TC50 values of 10 metal cations were established using the MTT assay, an effective cell culture of method. Then, the concentrations of the corrosively soluted metal cations in the extracts of the alloys were measured using the ICP method. From all these experimental results it was found that the relation between the effective cytotoxicity Z eff of an alloy, the concentrations C i of i th trace element and the TC50 values T Ci of the i th metal cation can approximately be expressed by Z eff =∑iC i2·T Ci . Two significant applications of this expression are a) The cytotoxicity of an alloy can be estimated by ICP analysis of the extract if the TC50 values of the trace elements are know. b) The cytotoxicity of a new-developed-alloy can be estimated in advance, according to the alloying components.