Host-plant volatiles play an important role as cues for herbivores in search of resources, mates and oviposition sites in complex environments. Plant volatile-based attractants can be developed for pest monitoring and...Host-plant volatiles play an important role as cues for herbivores in search of resources, mates and oviposition sites in complex environments. Plant volatile-based attractants can be developed for pest monitoring and control. Previously, we indicated that mated female adults of Callosobruchus chinensis showed choice preference behavior toward 2-hexenal and benzaldehyde. Our objective here was to investigate the synergistic effect of host-derived attractive volatiles in attracting C. chinensis under laboratory and field conditions in Shanxi Province, China. We hypothesized that the ratio and concentration of volatiles derived from Vigna radiata play critical roles for C. chinensis in locating this host. Therefore, we collected and identified the volatiles of mungbean by using headspace collection and GC-MS. The effectiveness of different ratios and concentrations of two compounds (2-hexenal and benzaldehyde) that elicit C. chinensis searching behavior were examined in Y-tube olfactometer assays. The combination of 300 μg μL^–1 2-hexenal and 180 μg μL^–1 benzaldehyde loadings exhibited a synergistic effect on attracting C. chinensis (82.35%). Compared to control traps, the adults were significantly attracted to traps baited with blends, and more attraction to females than males was found for blend traps in the field experiments. Our results suggest that blends of this specific concentration and ratio of benzaldehyde and 2-hexenal can be used in traps as attractants for C. chinensis monitoring and control in the field.展开更多
[ Objective ] The paper was to study the growth and development characteristics of Callosobruchus chinensis L. on different beans, and to explore the resistance of different beans to C. chiaensis. [ Method] The egg ha...[ Objective ] The paper was to study the growth and development characteristics of Callosobruchus chinensis L. on different beans, and to explore the resistance of different beans to C. chiaensis. [ Method] The egg hatchability, growth and development of larva and adult of C. chinensis L. on different beans were observed in the laboratory at 30℃. [ Result] All the eight kinds of beans were spawned, but there were differences in egg hatchability among different beans. The egg hatchahility on Vigna radiate was the highest of （78.47 ±6.70） %. After hatching, larvae only drilled into grains of V. radiate, Vigna umbellate, Vicia faba, Pisum sativum and Cicer arietiaum, but there were significant differences in generation survival rate. The generation survival rate on V. radiate was the highest of （68.75 ±9.08）% and that on 1/. faba was the lowest of （26.93± 10.28 ）%. The development duration of C. chinensis on V. radiate was the shortest of （34.78 ± 2.02）d; the intrinsic rate of increase and finite rate of increase were greater of 0. 041 09 and 1. 041 95, respectively. [ Conclusion] A large number of C. chinertsis could be reproduced within a short period if feeding on V. radiate.展开更多
This study was conducted under Laboratory of Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Kordofan, Elobeid in Sudan, during March-June 2015 to assess the effect o...This study was conducted under Laboratory of Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Kordofan, Elobeid in Sudan, during March-June 2015 to assess the effect of six treatments on germination of cowpea seeds infested by Callosobruchus chinensis Linn., a serious Coleoptera pest which damages cowpea seeds. The agents used were groundnut oil, wood ash, sand, neem leaves powder, Rabal leaves powder and hot pepper powder. In the lab bioassay, the results obtained due to the infestation by C. chinensis showed that there were highly significant differences （P 〉 0.01） in the number of holes per 100 cowpea seeds between the different treatments at intervals of one month, and up to the end of the storage period, the numbers of holes per 100 cowpea seeds were 44, 740, 859, 856, 841 and 892 holes in the treatments, respectively. The germination of seeds treated with groundnut oil was 60%, while it was zero for the other treatments. It was concluded that the groundnut oil made creamy coat on the seeds and prevented the development of eowpea beetle infestation. Hence, it can be used by farmers at local levels to protect seeds for cultivation.展开更多
The differences of bionomics and ecologics of the two populations of Callosobruchus chinensis on mung bean (Vigna radiatus) at six constant temperatures ( 20, 25, 28, 30, 32, 35℃) and 75% r. h. were researched. ANOV...The differences of bionomics and ecologics of the two populations of Callosobruchus chinensis on mung bean (Vigna radiatus) at six constant temperatures ( 20, 25, 28, 30, 32, 35℃) and 75% r. h. were researched. ANOVA showed that temperature affected the developmental period and fertility significantly (P<0.05). T-test indicated there was significant difference of the combined immature stages between the two geographical populations at 25 and 32℃ (P<0.05). The average oviposition between the two geographical populations differed significantly at the same temperature (P<0.05). At 30℃ and 75% r. h., effects of 5 commercially grown legume seeds on development and reproduction of the two geographical populations of Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) were researched. The results showed that broad bean and soybean were more suitable for increase for Xichang population in terms of r m values. The adult weight and diameter of emergency hole of the two populations were also compared. According to the differences in the characteristics of development, reproduction, and damage to host seeds between the two geographical populations, conclusion can be drawn that both are different geographical populations.展开更多
基金This research was funded by the Shanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Project,China(201803D221004-8)the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-08-G10)+1 种基金the Research and Demonstration of Key Green Technology for High Quality of Coarse Cereals in Northwest Shanxi(201703D211002-8)the Shanxi Province Science Foundation for Youths(201801D221305).
文摘Host-plant volatiles play an important role as cues for herbivores in search of resources, mates and oviposition sites in complex environments. Plant volatile-based attractants can be developed for pest monitoring and control. Previously, we indicated that mated female adults of Callosobruchus chinensis showed choice preference behavior toward 2-hexenal and benzaldehyde. Our objective here was to investigate the synergistic effect of host-derived attractive volatiles in attracting C. chinensis under laboratory and field conditions in Shanxi Province, China. We hypothesized that the ratio and concentration of volatiles derived from Vigna radiata play critical roles for C. chinensis in locating this host. Therefore, we collected and identified the volatiles of mungbean by using headspace collection and GC-MS. The effectiveness of different ratios and concentrations of two compounds (2-hexenal and benzaldehyde) that elicit C. chinensis searching behavior were examined in Y-tube olfactometer assays. The combination of 300 μg μL^–1 2-hexenal and 180 μg μL^–1 benzaldehyde loadings exhibited a synergistic effect on attracting C. chinensis (82.35%). Compared to control traps, the adults were significantly attracted to traps baited with blends, and more attraction to females than males was found for blend traps in the field experiments. Our results suggest that blends of this specific concentration and ratio of benzaldehyde and 2-hexenal can be used in traps as attractants for C. chinensis monitoring and control in the field.
基金Supported by Special Fund of China Agricultural Industry Research System(CARS-09)Project of Nantong Science and Technology Bureau(HL2014017)
文摘[ Objective ] The paper was to study the growth and development characteristics of Callosobruchus chinensis L. on different beans, and to explore the resistance of different beans to C. chiaensis. [ Method] The egg hatchability, growth and development of larva and adult of C. chinensis L. on different beans were observed in the laboratory at 30℃. [ Result] All the eight kinds of beans were spawned, but there were differences in egg hatchability among different beans. The egg hatchahility on Vigna radiate was the highest of （78.47 ±6.70） %. After hatching, larvae only drilled into grains of V. radiate, Vigna umbellate, Vicia faba, Pisum sativum and Cicer arietiaum, but there were significant differences in generation survival rate. The generation survival rate on V. radiate was the highest of （68.75 ±9.08）% and that on 1/. faba was the lowest of （26.93± 10.28 ）%. The development duration of C. chinensis on V. radiate was the shortest of （34.78 ± 2.02）d; the intrinsic rate of increase and finite rate of increase were greater of 0. 041 09 and 1. 041 95, respectively. [ Conclusion] A large number of C. chinertsis could be reproduced within a short period if feeding on V. radiate.
文摘This study was conducted under Laboratory of Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Kordofan, Elobeid in Sudan, during March-June 2015 to assess the effect of six treatments on germination of cowpea seeds infested by Callosobruchus chinensis Linn., a serious Coleoptera pest which damages cowpea seeds. The agents used were groundnut oil, wood ash, sand, neem leaves powder, Rabal leaves powder and hot pepper powder. In the lab bioassay, the results obtained due to the infestation by C. chinensis showed that there were highly significant differences （P 〉 0.01） in the number of holes per 100 cowpea seeds between the different treatments at intervals of one month, and up to the end of the storage period, the numbers of holes per 100 cowpea seeds were 44, 740, 859, 856, 841 and 892 holes in the treatments, respectively. The germination of seeds treated with groundnut oil was 60%, while it was zero for the other treatments. It was concluded that the groundnut oil made creamy coat on the seeds and prevented the development of eowpea beetle infestation. Hence, it can be used by farmers at local levels to protect seeds for cultivation.
文摘The differences of bionomics and ecologics of the two populations of Callosobruchus chinensis on mung bean (Vigna radiatus) at six constant temperatures ( 20, 25, 28, 30, 32, 35℃) and 75% r. h. were researched. ANOVA showed that temperature affected the developmental period and fertility significantly (P<0.05). T-test indicated there was significant difference of the combined immature stages between the two geographical populations at 25 and 32℃ (P<0.05). The average oviposition between the two geographical populations differed significantly at the same temperature (P<0.05). At 30℃ and 75% r. h., effects of 5 commercially grown legume seeds on development and reproduction of the two geographical populations of Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) were researched. The results showed that broad bean and soybean were more suitable for increase for Xichang population in terms of r m values. The adult weight and diameter of emergency hole of the two populations were also compared. According to the differences in the characteristics of development, reproduction, and damage to host seeds between the two geographical populations, conclusion can be drawn that both are different geographical populations.
