Fruitlet calyx shedding in pear plants is apparently regulated via numerous pathways that involve both environmental triggers and phytohormones cues such as auxin. In this study, we found at 10 days after full bloom (...Fruitlet calyx shedding in pear plants is apparently regulated via numerous pathways that involve both environmental triggers and phytohormones cues such as auxin. In this study, we found at 10 days after full bloom (DAFB) higher levels of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and tryptophan (Trp) in calyx persistence fruitlet (CPF) than calyx shedding fruitlet (CSF) ofDanshan Suli’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rhed.). Consisting with this, the activity of indolealdehyde oxidase (IAAIdO), which promotes IAA synthesis, was remarkably increased, and that of peroxidase(POD), which degrades IAA, dropped markedly in CPF but not in CSF. Further, qRT-PCR results revealed that most of 31 PbrARFs (encoding auxin response factors) in Pyrus bretschneideri were highly expressed in CPF, whereas PbrARF4, PbrARF24 and PbrARF26 were significantly downregulated in CPF vis-a-vis CSF. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 6 PbrARFs clustered in the group III, where PbrARF4 showed the closest affinity with AtARF1 that promotes organ abscission, indicating a putative role of PbrARF4 in mediating the process of calyx shedding in pear. In fact, the ectopic overexpression of PbrARF4 in Solanum lycopersicum resulted in an earlier-formed and deeper abscission layer (AL) in the transgenic plants, whose calyxes were more prone to wilt at the mature red stage (MR) compared with the control plants (wild-type). More importantly, expression levels of the abscission genes SILS and Sl Cel2 in transgenic plants overexpressing PbrARF4 were significantly upregulated in comparation with the WT, whereas those of Sl BI and Sl TAPG2 were considerably inhibited. Further, PbrJOINTLESS and PbrIDA,the two genes related to calyx shedding in pear, were up-regulated more in CSF than CPF. The findings contribute to a better understanding of PbrARFs involved in fruitlet calyx shedding of pear, which could prove beneficial to improving the quality of pear fruit.展开更多
BACKGROUND Jackstone is a rare entity of calculi in urinary tracts and has the characteristic appearance resembling toy jacks.They are nearly always reported to occur in the urinary bladder,we first report a rare case...BACKGROUND Jackstone is a rare entity of calculi in urinary tracts and has the characteristic appearance resembling toy jacks.They are nearly always reported to occur in the urinary bladder,we first report a rare case of jackstone located in the obstructed renal calyx.CASE SUMMARY We report a 46-year-old man presenting with intermittent,painless gross hematuria and left flank pain.Urinary computed tomography revealed staghorn stones and secondary hydronephrosis.A jackstone with radiating branches was found in one of the dilated renal calyx.Percutaneous nephrolithotomy was performed and endoscopic images were recorded during the operation.Postoperative stone composition analysis revealed it as calcium oxalate monohydrate stones.CONCLUSION Jackstones can occur in the renal collecting system besides the bladder.The unique appearance and imaging manifestations are the most important factors in the diagnosis of jackstones,and further exploration of the formation mechanism is required.展开更多
目的:探讨超声引导下肾上盏和肾中盏穿刺路径在经皮肾镜取石术(PCNL)中的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析2022年5月—2023年10月于宜昌市中心人民医院行PCNL的220例上尿路结石患者的临床资料,根据穿刺路径分为两组,经肾上盏穿刺为观察组(n=10...目的:探讨超声引导下肾上盏和肾中盏穿刺路径在经皮肾镜取石术(PCNL)中的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析2022年5月—2023年10月于宜昌市中心人民医院行PCNL的220例上尿路结石患者的临床资料,根据穿刺路径分为两组,经肾上盏穿刺为观察组(n=108),经肾中盏穿刺为对照组(n=112)。对比两组患者的治疗效果及手术并发症。结果:观察组患者手术时间(46.42±9.73 min vs 69.13±15.78 min)、住院时间(5.13±1.20天vs 6.29±1.53天)均明显低于对照组(均P<0.05),观察组患者一期结石清除率(82.41%vs 71.43%)显著高于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者术后血红蛋白下降量及肌酐值无明显差异(均P>0.05)。两组患者术后并发症总发生率无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:超声引导下经肾上盏穿刺路径行PCNL可缩短手术时间及住院时间,提高一期结石清除率,临床效果确切,安全有效。展开更多
突触囊泡在钙离子(Ca2+)触发下释放神经递质普遍存在着同步和异步两种形式.突触囊泡膜蛋白(synaptotagmin 2,Syt-2)已被证实是Calyx of Held突触囊泡同步释放的Ca2+传感蛋白,而相关的异步释放Ca2+传感蛋白还有待于探索.虽然锶离子(Sr2+...突触囊泡在钙离子(Ca2+)触发下释放神经递质普遍存在着同步和异步两种形式.突触囊泡膜蛋白(synaptotagmin 2,Syt-2)已被证实是Calyx of Held突触囊泡同步释放的Ca2+传感蛋白,而相关的异步释放Ca2+传感蛋白还有待于探索.虽然锶离子(Sr2+)因其物理和化学性质都接近Ca2+,且能触发更多的囊泡异步释放成分而成为研究异步释放机制的常用工具,但有关Sr2+触发异步释放的机制存在着争议.本文在胞外以Sr2+替换Ca2+的条件下,通过对野生型(WT)和Syt-2敲除型(Z2B-/-)小鼠Calyx突触囊泡自发和诱发释放的电生理特性分析,发现Syt-2是介导Sr2+诱发的突触囊泡快速释放的传感蛋白,但不是介导Sr2+相关神经递质异步释放和自发释放的传感蛋白;而未知的触发囊泡异步释放的传感蛋白相比Syt-2对Sr2+具有更高的亲和力,同时也介导突触囊泡的自发释放.这一研究为探索并最终发现触发囊泡异步释放的未知传感蛋白提供了新的线索.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the effect of the roselle calyx extract(RCE)(Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) on the in vitro viability and biofilm formation ability of oral pathogenic bacteria. Methods:RCE was prepared by soaking r...Objective: To investigate the effect of the roselle calyx extract(RCE)(Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) on the in vitro viability and biofilm formation ability of oral pathogenic bacteria. Methods:RCE was prepared by soaking roselle calyx powder with ethyl alcohol for 24 h at room temperature. After centrifugation, the extract was lyophilized. Then, the extract was dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline, the p H was adjusted, and the extract was aseptically filtered. We used Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Lactobacillus casei, Actinomyces naeslundii, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia in this study. The antibacterial activity of the RCE was determined by treating the cells of these bacteria with the extract for 10 or 20 min at room temperature. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration was determined using the micro dilution method, and the effect of the RCE on the ability to form biofilm was determined using a polystyrene micro plate assay. In addition, we used the WST-1 assay to determine the cytotoxicity of the RCE on HGF, Ca9-22 and KB cells. Results: The RCE had antibacterial activity against oral bacteria used in this study. In particular, most significant antibacterial activity was observed against Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration were 7.2 mg/m L–28.8 mg/m L and 14.4 to >57.6 mg/m L. The RCE had an inhibitory effect on biofilm formation at the MIC and sub-MIC levels. In addition, the RCE had low cytotoxic effects on HGF, Ca9-22 and KB cells. Conclusions: Thus, our results indicate that the RCE may be used for preventing oral diseases.展开更多
In the original publication of this article,we found an error under the section“Introduction”.The first sentence of the fourth paragraph appears incorrectly.The corrected sentence is given below.Eriocalyxin B,isolat...In the original publication of this article,we found an error under the section“Introduction”.The first sentence of the fourth paragraph appears incorrectly.The corrected sentence is given below.Eriocalyxin B,isolated and identified in 1982[1],is the major component in Chinese plant Isodon eriocalyx(Dunn.)Hara(family Lamiaceae)showing many pharmacological activities,such as inhibiting inflammatory response,regulat-ing immune cell differentiation,inhibiting tumor cells prolif-eration,causing cell cycle arrest affecting angiogenesis and promoting cancer cells apoptosis.展开更多
建立不同产地锦灯笼(Physalis Calyx seu Fructus,PCF)的指纹图谱,并进行抗菌活性的谱-效关系研究。采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS)建立16批锦灯笼指纹图谱,对共有峰进行归属,并进行聚类热图...建立不同产地锦灯笼(Physalis Calyx seu Fructus,PCF)的指纹图谱,并进行抗菌活性的谱-效关系研究。采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS)建立16批锦灯笼指纹图谱,对共有峰进行归属,并进行聚类热图和主成分分析;检测不同产地锦灯笼提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌活性,采用灰色关联度分析进行谱效关系的研究。建立的锦灯笼指纹图谱共标定38个共有峰,根据精确的分子离子峰质量数及二级碎片信息,查阅相关文献等发现其中包括了22个蔗糖脂肪酸酯类成分、4个酸浆苦素类成分以及木犀草苷、木犀草素等化学成分;聚类分析和主成分分析将16批锦灯笼均按照不同产地进行了分类。16批锦灯笼提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均具有较好的抑菌活性,灰色关联分析表明,峰27(关联度≥0.85)对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性贡献较大,峰37、29、30、19、33、35、31、17、32、20和28(关联度≥0.85)对大肠杆菌的抑菌活性贡献较大,且这些特征峰均为蔗糖脂肪酸酯类化合物,表明蔗糖脂肪酸酯类成分对于锦灯笼发挥抗菌活性具有很大的贡献。通过建立锦灯笼质谱指纹图谱及初步谱效关系,筛选出锦灯笼中对抑菌活性贡献较大的特征峰,为进一步研究锦灯笼的药效成分及药理作用提供参考。展开更多
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System (Grant No.CARS-28-14)。
文摘Fruitlet calyx shedding in pear plants is apparently regulated via numerous pathways that involve both environmental triggers and phytohormones cues such as auxin. In this study, we found at 10 days after full bloom (DAFB) higher levels of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and tryptophan (Trp) in calyx persistence fruitlet (CPF) than calyx shedding fruitlet (CSF) ofDanshan Suli’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rhed.). Consisting with this, the activity of indolealdehyde oxidase (IAAIdO), which promotes IAA synthesis, was remarkably increased, and that of peroxidase(POD), which degrades IAA, dropped markedly in CPF but not in CSF. Further, qRT-PCR results revealed that most of 31 PbrARFs (encoding auxin response factors) in Pyrus bretschneideri were highly expressed in CPF, whereas PbrARF4, PbrARF24 and PbrARF26 were significantly downregulated in CPF vis-a-vis CSF. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 6 PbrARFs clustered in the group III, where PbrARF4 showed the closest affinity with AtARF1 that promotes organ abscission, indicating a putative role of PbrARF4 in mediating the process of calyx shedding in pear. In fact, the ectopic overexpression of PbrARF4 in Solanum lycopersicum resulted in an earlier-formed and deeper abscission layer (AL) in the transgenic plants, whose calyxes were more prone to wilt at the mature red stage (MR) compared with the control plants (wild-type). More importantly, expression levels of the abscission genes SILS and Sl Cel2 in transgenic plants overexpressing PbrARF4 were significantly upregulated in comparation with the WT, whereas those of Sl BI and Sl TAPG2 were considerably inhibited. Further, PbrJOINTLESS and PbrIDA,the two genes related to calyx shedding in pear, were up-regulated more in CSF than CPF. The findings contribute to a better understanding of PbrARFs involved in fruitlet calyx shedding of pear, which could prove beneficial to improving the quality of pear fruit.
文摘BACKGROUND Jackstone is a rare entity of calculi in urinary tracts and has the characteristic appearance resembling toy jacks.They are nearly always reported to occur in the urinary bladder,we first report a rare case of jackstone located in the obstructed renal calyx.CASE SUMMARY We report a 46-year-old man presenting with intermittent,painless gross hematuria and left flank pain.Urinary computed tomography revealed staghorn stones and secondary hydronephrosis.A jackstone with radiating branches was found in one of the dilated renal calyx.Percutaneous nephrolithotomy was performed and endoscopic images were recorded during the operation.Postoperative stone composition analysis revealed it as calcium oxalate monohydrate stones.CONCLUSION Jackstones can occur in the renal collecting system besides the bladder.The unique appearance and imaging manifestations are the most important factors in the diagnosis of jackstones,and further exploration of the formation mechanism is required.
文摘目的:探讨超声引导下肾上盏和肾中盏穿刺路径在经皮肾镜取石术(PCNL)中的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析2022年5月—2023年10月于宜昌市中心人民医院行PCNL的220例上尿路结石患者的临床资料,根据穿刺路径分为两组,经肾上盏穿刺为观察组(n=108),经肾中盏穿刺为对照组(n=112)。对比两组患者的治疗效果及手术并发症。结果:观察组患者手术时间(46.42±9.73 min vs 69.13±15.78 min)、住院时间(5.13±1.20天vs 6.29±1.53天)均明显低于对照组(均P<0.05),观察组患者一期结石清除率(82.41%vs 71.43%)显著高于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者术后血红蛋白下降量及肌酐值无明显差异(均P>0.05)。两组患者术后并发症总发生率无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:超声引导下经肾上盏穿刺路径行PCNL可缩短手术时间及住院时间,提高一期结石清除率,临床效果确切,安全有效。
文摘突触囊泡在钙离子(Ca2+)触发下释放神经递质普遍存在着同步和异步两种形式.突触囊泡膜蛋白(synaptotagmin 2,Syt-2)已被证实是Calyx of Held突触囊泡同步释放的Ca2+传感蛋白,而相关的异步释放Ca2+传感蛋白还有待于探索.虽然锶离子(Sr2+)因其物理和化学性质都接近Ca2+,且能触发更多的囊泡异步释放成分而成为研究异步释放机制的常用工具,但有关Sr2+触发异步释放的机制存在着争议.本文在胞外以Sr2+替换Ca2+的条件下,通过对野生型(WT)和Syt-2敲除型(Z2B-/-)小鼠Calyx突触囊泡自发和诱发释放的电生理特性分析,发现Syt-2是介导Sr2+诱发的突触囊泡快速释放的传感蛋白,但不是介导Sr2+相关神经递质异步释放和自发释放的传感蛋白;而未知的触发囊泡异步释放的传感蛋白相比Syt-2对Sr2+具有更高的亲和力,同时也介导突触囊泡的自发释放.这一研究为探索并最终发现触发囊泡异步释放的未知传感蛋白提供了新的线索.
基金supported by scholarship from Futoku Foundation and Hokkaido Gas Co.Ltd
文摘Objective: To investigate the effect of the roselle calyx extract(RCE)(Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) on the in vitro viability and biofilm formation ability of oral pathogenic bacteria. Methods:RCE was prepared by soaking roselle calyx powder with ethyl alcohol for 24 h at room temperature. After centrifugation, the extract was lyophilized. Then, the extract was dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline, the p H was adjusted, and the extract was aseptically filtered. We used Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Lactobacillus casei, Actinomyces naeslundii, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia in this study. The antibacterial activity of the RCE was determined by treating the cells of these bacteria with the extract for 10 or 20 min at room temperature. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration was determined using the micro dilution method, and the effect of the RCE on the ability to form biofilm was determined using a polystyrene micro plate assay. In addition, we used the WST-1 assay to determine the cytotoxicity of the RCE on HGF, Ca9-22 and KB cells. Results: The RCE had antibacterial activity against oral bacteria used in this study. In particular, most significant antibacterial activity was observed against Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration were 7.2 mg/m L–28.8 mg/m L and 14.4 to >57.6 mg/m L. The RCE had an inhibitory effect on biofilm formation at the MIC and sub-MIC levels. In addition, the RCE had low cytotoxic effects on HGF, Ca9-22 and KB cells. Conclusions: Thus, our results indicate that the RCE may be used for preventing oral diseases.
文摘In the original publication of this article,we found an error under the section“Introduction”.The first sentence of the fourth paragraph appears incorrectly.The corrected sentence is given below.Eriocalyxin B,isolated and identified in 1982[1],is the major component in Chinese plant Isodon eriocalyx(Dunn.)Hara(family Lamiaceae)showing many pharmacological activities,such as inhibiting inflammatory response,regulat-ing immune cell differentiation,inhibiting tumor cells prolif-eration,causing cell cycle arrest affecting angiogenesis and promoting cancer cells apoptosis.
文摘建立不同产地锦灯笼(Physalis Calyx seu Fructus,PCF)的指纹图谱,并进行抗菌活性的谱-效关系研究。采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS)建立16批锦灯笼指纹图谱,对共有峰进行归属,并进行聚类热图和主成分分析;检测不同产地锦灯笼提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌活性,采用灰色关联度分析进行谱效关系的研究。建立的锦灯笼指纹图谱共标定38个共有峰,根据精确的分子离子峰质量数及二级碎片信息,查阅相关文献等发现其中包括了22个蔗糖脂肪酸酯类成分、4个酸浆苦素类成分以及木犀草苷、木犀草素等化学成分;聚类分析和主成分分析将16批锦灯笼均按照不同产地进行了分类。16批锦灯笼提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均具有较好的抑菌活性,灰色关联分析表明,峰27(关联度≥0.85)对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性贡献较大,峰37、29、30、19、33、35、31、17、32、20和28(关联度≥0.85)对大肠杆菌的抑菌活性贡献较大,且这些特征峰均为蔗糖脂肪酸酯类化合物,表明蔗糖脂肪酸酯类成分对于锦灯笼发挥抗菌活性具有很大的贡献。通过建立锦灯笼质谱指纹图谱及初步谱效关系,筛选出锦灯笼中对抑菌活性贡献较大的特征峰,为进一步研究锦灯笼的药效成分及药理作用提供参考。