Current Research Status of MicroRNAs in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is the most invasive type of oral malignant tumor, posing a serious threat to human life and health. Its pathogenesis is complex and has a high degree of malignancy. Recurrence and metastasis often lead to poor prognosis. MicroRNAs are a type of single stranded small molecule RNA with only 18 - 25 nucleotides, which can regulate the expression of various genes and participate in the occurrence and development of tumors. Studies have found that microRNA expression profiling can serve as a reliable and stable biological indicator for early diagnosis and prognosis of tumors. This article provides a review of the research status of MicroRNAs in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.

Identifying Comprehensive Genomic Alterations and Potential Neoantigens for Cervical Cancer Immunotherapy in a Cohort of Chinese Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix

Objective Genomic alterations and potential neoantigens for cervical cancer immunotherapy were identified in a cohort of Chinese patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma(CSCC).Methods Whole-exome sequencing was used to identify genomic alterations and potential neoantigens for CSCC immunotherapy.RNA Sequencing was performed to analyze neoantigen expression.Results Systematic bioinformatics analysis showed that C>T/G>A transitions/transversions were dominant in CSCCs.Missense mutations were the most frequent types of somatic mutation in the coding sequence regions.Mutational signature analysis detected signature 2,signature 6,and signature 7 in CSCC samples.PIK3CA,FBXW7,and BICRA were identified as potential driver genes,with BICRA as a newly reported gene.Genomic variation profiling identified 4,960 potential neoantigens,of which 114 were listed in two neoantigen-related databases.Conclusion The present findings contribute to our understanding of the genomic characteristics of CSCC and provide a foundation for the development of new biotechnology methods for individualized immunotherapy in CSCC.

Artificial intelligence enhances the management of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in the precision oncology era

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is the most common histological type of esophageal cancer with a poor prognosis.Early diagnosis and prognosis assessment are crucial for improving the survival rate of ESCC patients.With the advancement of artificial intelligence(AI)technology and the proliferation of medical digital information,AI has demonstrated promising sensitivity and accuracy in assisting precise detection,treatment decision-making,and prognosis assessment of ESCC.It has become a unique opportunity to enhance comprehen-sive clinical management of ESCC in the era of precision oncology.This review examines how AI is applied to the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis assessment of ESCC in the era of precision oncology,and analyzes the challenges and potential opportunities that AI faces in clinical translation.Through insights into future prospects,it is hoped that this review will contribute to the real-world application of AI in future clinical settings,ultimately alleviating the disease burden caused by ESCC.

Cetuximab combined with chemotherapy for simultaneous esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma:A case report

BACKGROUND Multiple primary carcinomas(MPCs)are defined as two or more independent primary cancers that occur simultaneously or sequentially in the same individual.Synchronous MPCs are rarer than solitary cancers or metachronous MPCs.Accurate diagnoses of synchronous MPCs and the choice of treatment are critical for successful outcomes in these cases.CASE SUMMARY A 64-year-old patient presented with dysphagia,without obvious cause.A diagnosis of synchronous esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma with liver metastasis was confirmed based on examination and laboratory results.After multi-disciplinary consultations,combination chemotherapy(a 3-wk cycle with oxaliplatin 212 mg administered on day 1 and capecitabine 1.5 g twice daily on days 1-14)and esophageal cancer radiotherapy were initiated.Based on the results of genetic testing,we switched to a regimen of leucovorin+fluorouracil+oxaliplatin and cetuximab regimen for 8 cycles.Subsequently,capecitabine and bevacizumab were administered until the most recent follow-up,at which the tumor remained stable.CONCLUSION Successful cetuximab chemotherapy treatment provides a reference for the nonoperative and homogeneous treatment of different pathological types of synchronous MCPs.

PPP1R14A is Associated with Immunotherapy Resistance in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Identified by Single-Cell and Bulk RNA-Sequencing

Objective To identify nivolumab resistance-related genes in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)using single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing data.Methods The single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing data downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database were analyzed to screen out differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between nivolumab resistant and nivolumab sensitive patients using R software.The Least Absolute Shrinkage Selection Operator(LASSO)regression and Recursive Feature Elimination(RFE)algorithm were performed to identify key genes associated with nivolumab resistance.Functional enrichment of DEGs was analyzed with Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses.The relationships of key genes with immune cell infiltration,differentation trajectory,dynamic gene expression profiles,and ligand-receptor interaction were explored.Results We found 83 DEGs.They were mainly enriched in T-cell differentiation,PD-1 and PD-L1 checkpoint,and T-cell receptor pathways.Among six key genes identified using machine learning algorithms,only PPP1R14A gene was differentially expressed between the nivolumab resistant and nivolumab sensitive groups both before and after immunotherapy(P<0.05).The high PPP1R14A gene expression group had lower immune score(P<0.01),higher expression of immunosuppressive factors(such as PDCD1,CTLA4,and PDCD1LG2)(r>0,P<0.05),lower differentiation of infiltrated immune cells(P<0.05),and a higher degree of interaction between HLA and CD4(P<0.05).Conclusions PPP1R14A gene is closely associated with resistance to nivolumab in HNSCC patients.Therefore,PPP1R14A may be a target to ameliorate nivolumab resistance of HNSCC patients.

Novel insights on oral squamous cell carcinoma management using long non-coding RNAs

Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is one of the most prevalent forms of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas(HNSCC)with a poor overall survival rate(about 50%),particularly in cases of metastasis.RNA-based cancer biomarkers are a relatively advanced concept,and non-coding RNAs currently have shown promising roles in the detection and treatment of various malignancies.This review underlines the function of long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)in the OSCC and its subsequent clinical implications.LncRNAs,a class of non-coding RNAs,are larger than 200 nucleotides and resemble mRNA in numerous ways.However,unlike mRNA,lncRNA regulates multiple druggable and non-druggable signaling molecules through simultaneous interaction with DNA,RNA,proteins,or microRNAs depending on concentration and localization in cells.Upregulation of oncogenic lncRNAs and downregulation of tumor suppressor lncRNAs are evident in OSCC tissues and body fluids such as blood and saliva indicating their potential as valuable biomarkers.Targeted inhibition of candidate oncogenic lncRNAs or overexpression of tumor suppressor lncRNAs showed potential therapeutic roles in in-vivo animal models.The types of lncRNAs that are expressed differentially in OSCC tissue and bodily fluids have been systematically documented with specificity and sensitivity.This review thoroughly discusses the biological functions of such lncRNAs in OSCC cell survival,proliferation,invasion,migration,metastasis,angiogenesis,metabolism,epigenetic modification,tumor immune microenvironment,and drug resistance.Subsequently,we addressed the diagnostic and therapeutic importance of lncRNAs in OSCC pre-clinical and clinical systems,providing details on ongoing research and outlining potential future directions for advancements in this field.In essence,this review could be a valuable resource by offering comprehensive and current insights into lncRNAs in OSCC for researchers in fundamental and clinical domains.

Microvascular structural changes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma pathology according to intrapapillary capillary loop types under magnifying endoscopy

BACKGROUND The intrapapillary capillary loop(IPCL)characteristics,visualized using magnifying endoscopy,are commonly assessed for preoperative evaluation of the infiltration depth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Japan Esophageal Society(JES)classification is the most widely used classification.Microvascular structural changes are evaluated by magnifying endoscopy for the presence or absence of each morphological factor:tortuosity,dilatation,irregular caliber,and different shapes.However,the pathological characteristics of IPCLs have not been thoroughly investigated,especially the microvascular structures corresponding to the deepest parts of the lesions'infiltration.AIM To investigate differences in pathological microvascular structures of ESCC,which correspond to the deepest parts of the lesions'infiltration.METHODS Patients with ESCC and precancerous lesions diagnosed at Peking University Third Hospital were enrolled between January 2019 and April 2023.Patients first underwent magnified endoscopic examination,followed by endoscopic submucosal dissection or surgical treatment.Pathological images were scanned using a threedimensional slice scanner,and the pathological structural differences in different types,according to the JES classification,were analyzed using nonparametric tests and t-tests.RESULTS The 35 lesions were divided into four groups according to the JES classification:A,B1,B2,and B3.Statistical analyses revealed significant differences(aP<0.05)in the short and long calibers,area,location,and density between types A and B.Notably,there were no significant differences in these parameters between types B1 and B2 and between types B2 and B3(P>0.05).However,significant differences in the short calibers,long calibers,and area of IPCL were observed between types B1 and B3(aP<0.05);no significant differences were found in the density or location(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Pathological structures of IPCLs in the deepest infiltrating regions differ among various IPCL types classified by the JES classification under magnifying endoscopy,especially between the types A and B.

Acute severe hypokalemia caused by treatment of tongue squamous cell carcinoma with docetaxel and cisplatin:A case report

BACKGROUND The tongue squamous cell carcinoma(TSCC)is an oral malignant tumor arising from the squamous epithelium of the tongue mucosa,characterized by a high malignant degree,invasive growth,early lymph node metastasis,and poor prognosis.Paclitaxel,represented by docetaxel,is now the standard first-line treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Docetaxel,which belongs to the class of drugs known as paclitaxel,is an antitumor drug that inhibits cell mitosis and proliferation.Its adverse effects include myelosuppression,hair loss,gastrointestinal reactions,fluid retention,and allergic reactions.However,hypokalemia is rare,most cases are mild or moderate,and severe hypokalemia is seldom reported.symptoms of adverse effects early.It is necessary to be considerate regarding individual differences between patients when selecting chemotherapy regimens and adhere to the principle of individualized treatment.Following multiple cycles of chemotherapy,patients should be aware of the accumulation of toxic side effects and receive blood tests reviewed within 24 hours of completion.It is essential to monitor electrolyte levels in patients suffering from severe gastrointestinal reactions to avoid complications that may result in death.

Galectin 2 regulates JAK/STAT3 signaling activity to modulate oral squamous cell carcinoma proliferation and migration in vitro

Background:Galectin 2(LGALS2)is a protein previously reported to serve as a mediator of disease progression in a range of cancers.The function of LGALS2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),however,has yet to be explored,prompting the present study to address this literature gap.Methods:Overall,144 paired malignant tumor tissues and paracancerous OSCC patient samples were harvested and the LGALS2 expression levels were examined through qPCR and western immunoblotting.The LGALS2 coding sequence was introduced into the pcDNA3.0 vector,to enable the overexpression of this gene,while an LGALS2-specific shRNA and corresponding controls were also obtained.The functionality of LGALS2 as a regulator of the ability of OSCC cells to grow and undergo apoptotic death in vitro was assessed through EdU uptake and CCK-8 assays,and flow cytometer,whereas a Transwell system was used to assess migratory activity and invasivity.An agonist of the Janus Kinase 2(JAK2)/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3(STAT3)pathway was also used to assess the role of this pathway in the context of LGALS2 signaling.Results:Here,we found that lower LGALS2 protein and mRNA expression were evident in OSCC tumor tissue samples,and these expression levels were associated with clinicopathological characteristics and patient survival outcomes.Silencing LGALS2 enhanced proliferation in OSCC cells while rendering these cells better able to resist apoptosis.The opposite was instead observed after LGALS2 was overexpressed.Mechanistically,the ability of LGALS2 to suppress the progression of OSCC was related to its ability to activate the JAK/STAT3 signaling axis.Conclusion:Those results suggest a role for LGALS2 as a suppressor of OSCC progression through its ability to modulate JAK/STAT3 signaling,supporting the potential utility of LGALS2 as a target for efforts aimed at treating OSCC patients.

ATM is a Prognostic Biomarker of Survival in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

This review examines the role of ATM expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).Analysis revealed significant overexpression of ATM in HNSCC cells compared to normal control samples,suggesting its involvement in cancer proliferation.ATM expression was notably upregulated across various clinical parameters,including different stages of cancer,racial groups,genders,and age groups,highlighting its role in cancer progression.Validation using the GEPIA2 tool confirmed strong ATM expression throughout all four stages of HNSCC,with the highest levels in stage II and the lowest in stage I.Promoter methylation analysis of ATM showed distinct patterns across different demographics and cancer stages,reinforcing its significance.The study also explored the relationship between ATM expression and patient outcomes using the KM plotter tool,finding that high ATM expression was associated with better overall survival(OS),while low ATM expression correlated with better disease-free survival(DFS).Genetic mutation analysis via cBioPortal identified minimal ATM mutations in HNSCC,including in-frame,splice,truncating,and missense mutations,suggesting their role in ATM dysregulation.The STRING tool was used to construct a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network,revealing that the ATM gene interacts with ten key genes(NBN,ATR,CHEK2,MDC1,MSH2,MSH6,MRE11,TP53,TP53BP1,BRCA1),indicating its involvement in various biological functions.Functional annotation of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)through the DAVID web server revealed their participation in critical biological processes,including double-strand break repair,cellular response to DNA damage,and DNA damage checkpoints.KEGG pathway analysis further linked DEGs to cellular senescence,platinum drug resistance,homologous recombination,p53 signaling,and the cell cycle,underscoring ATM’s multifaceted role in HNSCC.

Mechanisms of Sophora flavescens in the treatment of cervical squamous cell carcinoma based on comprehensive biological analysis,network pharmacology,and experimental verification

Objective:This study used comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and network pharmacology analysis to investigate the potentially relevant mechanisms of Sophora flavescens against cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:Consistently altered genes involved in cervical squamous cell cancerization were analyzed in the GEO database.The chemical ingredients and target genes of Sophora flavescens were explored using the TCMSP database.We obtained the potential therapeutic targets of Sophora flavescens by intersecting the above genesets and validated them in the GEPIA database.The interaction between Sophora flavescens and target genes was predicted by molecular docking.RT-qPCR was used to verify the changes of target genes in HeLa cells treated with Sophora flavescens.Single-gene GSEA functional analysis were performed to determine the molecular mechanisms.Results:Fifteen genes related to the transformation of cervical squamous cell carcinoma were identified,among which AR and ESR1 were confirmed as targets for kaempferol,wighteone,formononetin,and phaseolinon.These compounds are the active ingredients in Sophora flavescens.Low expressions of AR and ESR1 correlate with a poor prognosis,while Sophora flavescens treatment increases the expression of AR and ESR1 in HeLa.GSEA analysis showed that AR and ESR1 mainly participate in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Conclusion:Sophora flavescens exert anti-tumor effects by targeting AR and ESR1,which may regulate cancer metastasis.

Advanced lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR 19-del mutation transforms into squamous cell carcinoma after EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment

In this editorial we comment on the article by Ji et al.We focus specifically on the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFR-TKI)treatment and the development of drug resistance to EGFR-TKIs.

Rare primary squamous cell carcinoma of the intrahepatic bile duct: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma is the most common malignancy of the biliary tree and has a poor prognosis.Adenocarcinoma is the most common pathological type of cho-langiocarcinomas,but rare squamous,adenosquamous,and mucinous variants have been reported without adequate clinical data.CASE SUMMARY This report describes a rare case of primary squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)of the intrahepatic bile duct.The patient was admitted with a tumor in the hepatic caudate lobe with no obvious clinical symptoms.Examination revealed hepatitis B surface antigen positivity,a slight increase in alfa-fetoprotein to 16.34 ng/mL,and an irregular slightly heterogeneous enhancing lesion in the hepatic caudate lobe,which was initially thought to be hepatocellular carcinoma.Laparoscopic re-section was performed,and the final pathology suggested a rare primary SCC of the intrahepatic bile duct.Immunohistochemistry indicated positivity for villin,partial positivity for p63,and negativity for hepatocyte,CK7,CK8,CK19,and CK20.The Ki-67 index was approximately 60%.The patient received six cycles of Tegio chemotherapy.A new lesion was detected in the liver after 15 months.The surgery was performed,and the patient was followed-up at a local hospital.To date,no new lesions have been observed.CONCLUSION Surgery is the first choice for resectable lesions,and combined chemotherapy based on pathology is essential for increasing overall survival.

Surgical Reconstruction of a Large Defect after Excision of Infiltrative Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Scalp and Occipital Region: A Case Report

Squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)of the scalp is the second most prevalent skin cancer,following basal cell carcinoma.Notably,it has the capability to infiltrate the skull,dura mater,and even brain tissue.The cornerstone of treatment is the surgical removal of the lesion,with a particular focus on the depth of invasion,which is directly correlated with recurrence rates.Post-surgical strategies may involve immediate or delayed cranial bone reconstruction and repair of scalp defects using either artificial dermis or skin grafts.In the case presented,a substantial defect necessitated more than a single flap for primary repair.Hence,a single pedicle double-island flap was designed for reconstructing the occipital area.Due to increased tension on the flap following cranial bone repair,the bone repair was temporarily deferred.Postoperative care included adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy to mitigate the risk of SCC recurrence.

HSP90AA1 promotes lymphatic metastasis of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition

Lymphatic metastasis(LM)emerges as an independent prognostic marker for hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(HSPSCC),chiefly contributing to treatment inefficacy.This study aimed to scrutinize the prognostic relevance of HSP90AA1 and its potential regulatory mechanism of concerning LM in HPSCC.Methods:In a preceding investigation,HSP90AA1,a differential gene,was discovered through transcriptome sequencing of HPSCC tissues,considering both the presence and absence of LM.Validation of HSP90AA1 expression was accomplished via qRT-PCR,western-blotting(WB),and immunohistochemistry(IHC),while its prognostic significance was assessed employing Kaplan–Meier survival analysis(KMSA),log-rank test(LR),and Cox’s regression analysis(CRA).Bioinformatics techniques facilitated the prediction and analysis of its plausible mechanisms in LM,further substantiated by in vitro and in vivo experiments utilizing FaDu cell lines.Results:HSP90AA1 is substantially upregulated in HPSCC with LM and is identified as an independent prognostic risk determinant.The down-regulation of HSP90AA1 can achieve inhibition of tumor cell proliferation,migration and invasion.Both in vivo experiments and Bioinformatics exploration hint at promoting LM by Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),regulated by HSP90AA1.Conclusions:HSP90AA1,by controlling EMT,can foster LM in HPSCC.This finding sets the foundation for delving into new therapeutic targets for HPSCC.

miR-221/222/PUMA Axis Promotes Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Apoptosis

Background: To investigate the therapeutic activity of the miR-221/222 inhibitor against OSCC in vitro and in vivo. Materials and Methods: HSC3 and HSC6 were treated with miR-221/222 inhibitor and the empty vector respectively. After the recombinants were transfected into HSC3 and HSC6 with LipofectamineTM MAX, the expression of miR-221/222 and PUMA was analyzed by RT-PCR. The proliferation and migration of HSC3 and HSC6 were detected by CCK-8 assay and Wound-healing assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. The effect of the miR-221/222 inhibitor was also assessed in OSCC xenografts in BALB/c-nu mice. Results: Transfection of the miR-221/222 inhibitor increased cell apoptosis and upregulated PUMA expression in OSCC cell lines HSC3 and HSC6 with the significantly reduced expression of miR-221 and miR-222. Furthermore, the miR-221/222 inhibitor suppressed cell growth and invasion and blocked the cell cycle at the G1 phase. Obvious anti-tumor activity was achieved in BALB/c-nu mice by treatment with the miR-221/222 inhibitor, together with the upregulation of PUMA protein in tumors retrieved from the mice. Conclusions: There was a significant inhibitory effect of the miR-221/222 inhibitor on the growth of OSCC both in vitro and in vivo, and there might be a regulatory loop between miR-221/222 and PUMA. These findings demonstrated that downregulation of miR-221/222 could induce cell apoptosis, and it might be considered as a candidate target for gene therapy of OSCC.

Targeting LncRNA LLNLR-299G3.1 with antisense oligonucleotide inhibits malignancy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo

Accumulating evidence has indicated that long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)play critical roles in the development and progression of cancers,including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).However,the mechanisms of lncRNAs in ESCC are still incompletely understood and therapeutic attempts for in vivo targeting cancer-associated lncRNA remain a challenge.By RNA-sequencing analysis,we identified that LLNLR-299G3.1 was a novel ESCC-associated lncRNA.LLNLR-299G3.1 was up-regulated in ESCC tissues and cells and promoted ESCC cell proliferation and invasion.Silencing of LLNLR-299G3.1 with ASO(antisense oligonucleotide)resulted in opposite effects.Mechanistically,LLNLR-299G3.1 bound to cancerassociated RNA binding proteins and regulated the expression of cancer-related genes,including OSM,TNFRSF4,HRH3,and SSTR3.ChIRP-seq(chromatin isolation by RNA purification and sequencing)revealed that these genes contained enriched chromatin binding sites for LLNLR-299G3.1.Rescue experiments confirmed that the effects of LLNLR-299G3.1 on ESCC cell proliferation were dependent on interaction with HRH3 and TNFRSF4.Therapeutically,intravenous delivery of placental chondroitin sulfate A binding peptide-coated nanoparticles containing antisense oligonucleotide(pICSA-BP-ANPs)strongly inhibited ESCC tumor growth and significantly improved animal survival in vivo.Overall,our results suggest that LLNLR-299G3.1 promotes ESCC malignancy through regulating gene-chromatin interactions and targeting ESCC by pICSA-BP-ANPs may be an effective strategy for the treatment of lncRNA-associated ESCC.

Prediction of Tumor Microenvironment Characteristics and Treatment Response in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Pseudogene OR7E47P-related Immune Genes

Objective Pseudogenes are initially regarded as nonfunctional genomic sequences,but some pseudogenes regulate tumor initiation and progression by interacting with other genes to modulate their transcriptional activities.Olfactory receptor family 7 subfamily E member 47 pseudogene(OR7E47P)is expressed broadly in lung tissues and has been identified as a positive regulator in the tumor microenvironment(TME)of lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD).This study aimed to elucidate the correlation between OR7E47P and tumor immunity in lung squamous cell carcinoma(LUSC).Methods Clinical and molecular information from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)LUSC cohort was used to identify OR7E47P-related immune genes(ORIGs)by weighted gene correlation network analysis(WGCNA).Based on the ORIGs,2 OR7E47P clusters were identified using non-negative matrix factorization(NMF)clustering,and the stability of the clustering was tested by an extreme gradient boosting classifier(XGBoost).LASSO-Cox and stepwise regressions were applied to further select prognostic ORIGs and to construct a predictive model(ORPScore)for immunotherapy.The Botling cohorts and 8 immunotherapy cohorts(the Samstein,Braun,Jung,Gide,IMvigor210,Lauss,Van Allen,and Cho cohorts)were included as independent validation cohorts.Results OR7E47P expression was positively correlated with immune cell infiltration and enrichment of immune-related pathways in LUSC.A total of 57 ORIGs were identified to classify the patients into 2 OR7E47P clusters(Cluster 1 and Cluster 2)with distinct immune,mutation,and stromal programs.Compared to Cluster 1,Cluster 2 had more infiltration by immune and stromal cells,lower mutation rates of driver genes,and higher expression of immune-related proteins.The clustering performed well in the internal and 5 external validation cohorts.Based on the 7 ORIGs(HOPX,STX2,WFS,DUSP22,SLFN13,GGCT,and CCSER2),the ORPScore was constructed to predict the prognosis and the treatment response.In addition,the ORPScore was a better prognostic factor and correlated positively with the immunotherapeutic response in cancer patients.The area under the curve values ranged from 0.584 to 0.805 in the 6 independent immunotherapy cohorts.Conclusion Our study suggests a significant correlation between OR7E47P and TME modulation in LUSC.ORIGs can be applied to molecularly stratify patients,and the ORPScore may serve as a biomarker for clinical decision-making regarding individualized prognostication and immunotherapy.

Skeletal muscle mass and quality before preoperative chemotherapy influence postoperative long-term outcomes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients

BACKGROUND Previous reports have focused on muscle mass as a prognostic factor in esophageal cancer.AIM To investigate how preoperative body type influences the prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)and surgery.METHODS The subjects were 131 patients with clinical stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent subtotal esophagectomy after NAC.Skeletal muscle mass and quality were calculated based on computed tomography images prior to NAC,and their statistical association with long-term outcomes was examined retrospectively in this case-control study.RESULTS The disease-free survival rates in the low psoas muscle mass index(PMI)group vs the high PMI group were 41.3%vs 58.8%(P=0.036),respectively.In the high intramuscular adipose tissue content(IMAC)group vs the low IMAC group,the disease-free survival rates were 28.5%vs 57.6%(P=0.021),respectively.The overall survival(OS)rates for the low PMI group vs the high PMI group were 41.3%vs 64.5%(P=0.008),respectively,and for the high IMAC group vs the low IMAC group,they were 29.9%vs 61.9%(P=0.024),respectively.Analysis of the OS rate revealed significant differences in patients aged 60 years or older(P=0.018),those with pT3 or above disease(P=0.021),or those with lymph node metastasis(P=0.006),aside from PMI and IMAC.Multivariate analysis demonstrated that pT3 or above hazard ratio(HR):1.966,95%confidence interval(CI):1.089-3.550,(P=0.025),lymph node metastasis(HR:2.154,95%CI:1.118-4.148,P=0.022),low PMI(HR:2.266,95%CI:1.282-4.006,P=0.005),and high IMAC(HR:2.089,95%CI:1.036-4.214,P=0.022)were significant prognostic factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.CONCLUSIONSkeletal muscle mass and quality before NAC in patients with esophageal squamous cellcarcinoma are significant prognostic factors for postoperative OS.

Effects of hsa-circ-0001862 on Phenotype of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells

[Objectives]To investigate the molecular mechanism of hsa_circ_0001862 on the proliferation,migration,invasion and apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma Tca-8113 cells.[Methods]hsa_circ_0001862 plasmid was constructed,and the interaction relationship between hsa_circ_0001862 and miR-23a-3p was verified by dual luciferase reporter gene and qRT-PCR.CCK8 assay,colony formation assay,scratch assay and Transwell assay were used to detect the proliferation,migration and invasion ability of Tca-8113 cells.Western blot was used to detect the expression level of apoptosis-related protein molecules.The effects of hsa_circ_0001862 on the apoptosis of Tca-8113 cells was detected.[Results]hsa_circ_0001862 and miR-23a-3p could interact,and their expression was negatively correlated in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells.In Tca-8113 cells,hsa_circ_0001862 inhibited cell proliferation,migration,and invasion(P<0.01),and promoted cell apoptosis(P<0.01).[Conclusions]The hsa_circ_0001862 interacts with miR-23a-3p,and hsa_circ_0001862 plays an inhibitory role in the development of tongue squamous cell carcinoma.The hsa_circ_0001862 may be a new biomarker and target for the treatment of tongue squamous cell carcinoma.