The effect of reactive plasticizer on viscoelastic and mechanical properties of solid rocket propellants based on different types of HTPB resin

Conventional plasticizers deteriorate mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the propellants due to their migration upon aging and long-term storage,which affects reliability and safety properties during exploitation.To address this issue,conventional plasticizer,dioctyl adipate(DOA),is replaced by reactive one,castor oil(CO).In addition,three different types of HTPB were used to obtain propellants with designed viscoelastic and mechanical properties.The CO increased propellants viscosity,without a significant impact on the propellant processability,regardless to the type of prepolymer.Conversely,mechanical properties were different depending on the type of resin,which were further analyzed by gel permeation chromatography(GPC).Addition of CO formed a denser polymer network and shifted T_(g) to higher values,compared to the compositions with DOA.The tensile strength of CO-containing propellants was lower at +20℃ and +50℃ compared to the reference compositions,while the strain at maximum load and strain at break were significantly increased with pronounced plastic deformation,especially for samples at -30℃.The inclusion of CO in the propellants composition gives more room for adjusting a wide range of mechanical properties.

Effects of Heterologously Overexpressing PIP5K-Family Genes in Arabidopsis on Inflorescence Development

Castor is one of the top 10 oil crops in the world and has extremely valuable uses.Castor inflorescences directly affect yield,so the study of inflorescence development is very important in increasing castor yield.Our previous studies have shown that the PIP5K gene family(PIP5Ks)is associated with inflorescence development.In this study,to determine the function of each PIP5K gene in castor,a female Lm-type castor line,aLmAB2,was used to determine the relative expression levels of the PIP5Ks in castor inflorescences.Six PIP5K genes were heterologously overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana,the relative expression of each gene and the effect on plants was determined in A.thaliana,and the relationships among the PIP5Ks in castor were inferred.The expression levels of the PIP5Ks in the female Lm-type castor line aLmAB2 were analyzed.The relative expression levels of the PIP5K9 and PIP5K11 genes were high(p<0.05)in isofemale inflorescences,and those of PIP5K1,PIP5K2,PIP5K6,and PIP5K8 were high(p<0.05)in female inflorescences but low(p<0.05)in bisexual inflorescences.The PIP5Ks were heterologously overexpressed in A.thaliana,and T3-generation plants with stable genetic resistance,i.e.,AT-PIP5K^(+)plants(AT-PIP5K1^(+),AT-PIP5K2^(+),AT-PIP5K6^(+),AT-PIP5K8^(+),AT-PIP5K9^(+),and ATPIP5K11^(+) plants),were obtained.Biological tests of the AT-PIP5K+plants showed that the growth of the main stem was significantly delayed in AT-PIP5K+plants compared with Columbia wild-type(WT)A.thaliana plants;the PIP5K1 and PIP5K2 genes promoted lateral stem growth and flower and silique development;and the PIP5K6,PIP5K8,PIP5K9 and PIP5K11 genes inhibited lateral stem growth and flower and silique development.The correlations among PIP5Ks in castor suggest that there may be a synergistic relationship among PIP5K1,PIP5K2,and PIP5K6 in castor inflorescences,and PIP5K8,PIP5K9,and PIP5K11 are complementary to the other three genes.

The Effect of Reaction Temperature, Catalyst Concentration and Alcohol Ratio in the Production of Biodiesel from Raw and Purified Castor Oil

In this study, a homogeneous alkaline catalyst was used in the production of biodiesel from raw and refined castor oil feedstock. The effect of potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a catalyst between the two feedstocks, raw and refined castor oil was compared. The transesterification technique was utilized in this study, aiming to investigate the effect of different parameters, which include the reaction temperature, methanol-to-oil mole ratio, and catalyst concentration at a constant period of 90 minutes. The result revealed the performance of the KOH catalyst on raw castor oil yielded 98.49% FAME, which was higher than the refined castor oil which yielded 97.9% FAME. The optimal conditions obtained from refined castor oil were applied to raw castor oil because of the same properties. The fuel quality of castor oil and produced biodiesel were tested for physicochemical properties.

累及左锁骨下动脉的Standford B型主动脉夹层中castor分支型覆膜支架的应用效果及对主动脉重塑的影响

目的 研究累及左锁骨下动脉(LSA)的Standford B型主动脉夹层(TBAD)中castor分支型覆膜支架(简称castor支架)的应用效果及对主动脉重塑的影响。方法 纳入无锡明慈心血管病医院收治的58例TBAD患者,根据治疗方法分为castor组(31例)和对照组(27例)。对照组接受烟囱技术,castor组接受castor支架进行治疗。比较两组的手术相关指标、围手术期并发症。对两组进行随访,比较随访期间上肢缺血、脑梗死、内漏、LSA窃血、夹层逆撕等晚期并发症的发生率。比较两组术后2周和术后6个月时的主动脉重塑指标。结果 castor组透视时间、手术时间均长于对照组(P<0.05)。castor组围手术期并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。castor组随访期间晚期并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后6个月,castor组假腔完全血栓化比率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 虽然与烟囱技术相比,castor支架治疗累及LSA的TBAD透视时间和手术时间延长,但是围手术期并发症和晚期并发症发生率较低,且有助于患者的假腔血栓化。

Castor分支一体化支架治疗主动脉夹层及动脉瘤的临床分析

目的 探讨Castor分支一体化支架治疗主动脉夹层及动脉瘤的临床效果。方法 回顾性分析71例主动脉夹层及动脉瘤患者临床资料,所有患者均开展手术治疗,在数字减影血管造影引导下开展Castor分支一体化支架腔内隔绝术。统计手术成功率、生活质量、病变处最大主动脉直径、左锁骨下分支支架通畅率、并发症发生率。结果 71例患者经手术后支架全部成功植入,植入成功率100%(71/71)。71例患者术后生活质量中生理领域评分[(85.41±6.37)分]、心理领域评分[(83.44±6.25)分]、社会领域评分[(89.74±6.49)分]及环境领域评分[(91.58±6.73)分]均高于术前[(62.35±5.19)分、(60.14±5.08)分、(67.41±5.28)分、(70.14±6.05)分],病变处最大主动脉直径[(34.25±3.29)mm]低于术前[(38.69±3.35)mm],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。71例患者随访至术后6个月,经复查显示71例患者左锁骨下分支支架通畅率为100%(71/71);71例患者出现2例支架内狭窄,1例内瘘,发生率为4.23%(3/71)。结论 Castor分支一体化支架能增强主动脉夹层及动脉瘤治疗效果,促使病变部位最大主动脉直径缩小,改善患者术后生活质量,且并发症少,安全可行。

Castor分支型支架在累及左锁骨下动脉Stanford B型主动脉夹层治疗中的应用

目的:探讨Castor分支型支架在累及左锁骨下动脉(LSA)Stanford B型主动脉夹层(TBAD)治疗中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2019年2月至2022年9月治疗的60例累及LSA的TBAD患者的临床资料,依据治疗方法的不同分为观察组和对照组各30例。观察组采用Castor分支型支架治疗,对照组采用烟囱支架治疗。比较两组围手术期指标、各平面真腔与假腔内径、手术成功率及并发症发生情况。结果:两组手术时间及住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后,两组左锁骨下动脉(LSA)平面、支架移植物中段平面、支架移植物远端平面的真腔内径均大于术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但两组LSA平面、支架移植物中段平面、支架移植物远端平面的真腔内径比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后,两组LSA平面、支架移植物中段平面、支架移植物远端平面的假腔内径均小于术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但两组LSA平面、支架移植物中段平面、支架移植物远端平面的假腔内径比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组内漏发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组手术成功率及支架形态改变发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:累及LSA的TBAD患者采用Castor分支型支架与烟囱支架治疗手术成功率均较高,有利于重塑主动脉,扩张真腔,促进假腔血栓化,但Castor分支型支架术后内漏发生率更低。

Synergistic effects of dodecane-castor oil acid mixture on the flotation responses of low-rank coal:A combined simulation and experimental study

The utilization of an appropriate collector or surfactant is crucial for the beneficiation of low-rank coal.However,in previous studies,the selection of surfactants was primarily based on flotation procedures,which hinders the understanding of the interaction mechanism between surfactant groups and oxygen-containing functional groups at the surface of low-rank coal.In this study,we investigate the flotation of low-rank coal in the presence of a composite collector by using a combined theoretical and experimental approach.The maximum flotation mass recovery achieved was 82.89%using a 3:1 mixture of dodecane and castor oil acid.Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analyses showed that castor oil acid was effectively adsorbed onto the surface of low-rank coal,enhancing the hydrophobicity of the coal.In addition,the diffusion coefficient of water molecules in the water-composite collector-coal system was greater than that in the dodecane system.Moreover,due to the presence of castor oil acid in the flotation process,the adsorption distance of dodecane and low-rank coal became shorter.Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the diffusion and interaction of surfactant molecules at the interface of low-rank coal particles and water was enhanced because the adsorption of the dodecane-castor oil acid mixture is primarily controlled by hydrogen bonds and electrostatic attraction.Based on these results,a better surfactant for flotation of low-rank coal is also proposed.

Functional Studies of Castor(Ricinus communis L.)PLC Family Genes in Arabidopsis Inflorescence Development

Castor(Ricinus communis L.)is one of the top 10 oil crops in the world,and inflorescence is a trait that directly affects its yield.Phospholipase C(PLCs)is involved in many plant activities and metabolic processes.To study the functions of PLC family genes in the regulation of the inflorescence development of the female line of Lm-type castor aLmAB2,we determined the expression levels of six PLC family genes of three types of inflorescences of aLmAB2(isofemale line,female line,bisexual line)at different developmental stages.The results showed that the 6 genes of the castor PLC family had relative expression levels at different developmental stages of the three types of inflorescences.The subcellular location of all six protein products was the cell membrane.The six genes were heterologously overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana to obtain the T3 generation-resistant Arabidopsis thaliana plants.The results showed that the overexpression of six genes significantly promoted the maturation of Arabidopsis thaliana,the growth of lateral moss,and the development of flowers and pods,but the development of basal leaves and stem leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana was significantly inhibited.According to homology analysis,it is speculated that PLC2,PLC2M,PLC2N,PLC4,PLC4X2,and PLC6 genes have the same regulatory function.

The molecular mechanism of WRINKLED1 transcription factor regulating oil accumulation in developing seeds of castor bean

The transcription factor WRINKLED1(WRI1),a member of AP2 gene family that contain typical AP2 domains,has been considered as a master regulator regulating oil biosynthesis in oilseeds.However,the regulatory mechanism of RcWRI1 in regulating oil accumulation during seed development has not been clearly addressed.Castor bean(Ricinus communis)is one of the most important non-edible oil crops and its seed oils are rich in hydroxy fatty acids,widely applied in industry.In this study,based on castor bean reference genome,three RcWRIs genes(RcWRI1,RcWRI2 and RcWRI3)were identified and the expressed association of RcWRI1 with oil accumulation were determined.Heterologous transformation of RcWRI1 significantly increased oil content in tobacco leaf,confirming that RcWRI1 activate lipid biosynthesis pathway.Using DNA Affinity Purification sequencing(DAP-seq)technology,we confirmed RcWRI1 binding with Transcription Start Site of genes and identified 7961 WRI1-binding candidate genes.Functionally,these identified genes were mainly involved in diverse metabolism pathways(including lipid biosynthesis).Three cis-elements AW-box([CnTnG](n)7[CG])and AW-boxes like([GnAnC](n)6[GC]/[GnAnC](n)7[G])bound with RcWRI1 were identified.Co-expression network analysis of RcWRI1 further found that RcWRI1 might be widely involved in biosynthesis of storage materials during seed development.In particular,yeast one hybrid experiments found that both AP2 domains within RcWRI1 were required in binding targeted genes.These results not only provide new evidence to understand the regulatory mechanism of RcWRI1 in regulation of oil accumulation during castor bean seed development,but also give candidate gene resource for subsequent genetic improvement toward increasing oil content in oilseed crops.

Proteomic Study of Differentially Expressed Proteins in Seeds between Parents and Offspring of Castor Bean(Ricinus communis L.)

Castor bean(Ricinus communis L.),is one of the top 10 oilseed crops in the world and,therefore,of high economic value.Hybridization is one of the most effective ways to breed new varieties with high yield,high oil content,and better stress resistance.Therefore,prediction of desired traits in castor hybrid offspring is particularly important.In this study,proteomic analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)in seeds between castor hybrid offspring and their female(Lm female line aLmAB2)and male parents(CSR·181).Among the DEPs upregulated in the seeds of hybrid offspring,the majority were related to seed yield and stress tolerance,while some were related to oil synthesis and fatty acid synthesis and metabolism in seeds.In other words,the hybrid offspring showed heterosis for seed yield,stress tolerance,oil synthesis,and fatty acid synthesis and metabolism when compared with their parents.Further,real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays were performed on 12 genes encoding DEPs involved in oil synthesis,pollen abortion,yield,and stress tolerance of seeds.The results showed that the expression levels of the 12 genes were consistent with those of the DEPs.

近端锚定区不足的主动脉弓部疾病腔内修复术中Castor分支支架置入联合体外预开窗应用观察

目的探讨近端锚定区不足的主动脉弓部疾病患者腔内修复手术治疗中采用Castor分支支架置入联合体外预开窗的临床效果及安全性。方法选择应用Castor分支支架置入联合体外预开窗行腔内修复手术治疗的近端锚定区不足的主动脉弓部疾病患者16例,记录其围手术期相关指标,包括手术实施情况、手术时间、分支支架置入位置、开窗原因、开窗位置、近端锚定区、呼吸机辅助通气时间、ICU停留时间、住院时间、出院情况等,术后随访记录患者生存情况及主动脉计算机断层扫描血管造影检查(CTA)复查结果。结果16例患者均成功实施手术,手术时间(2.52±0.48)h,分支支架置入位置:左锁骨下动脉12例、左颈总动脉2例、迷走右锁骨下动脉2例,开窗原因:单独起源的左椎动脉8例、弓部病变范围广导致近端锚定区不足4例、分支动脉间距不足(小于Castor支架最小后移长度5 mm)4例,开窗位置:单独起源的左椎动脉8例、左颈总动脉4例、左锁骨下动脉4例,近端锚定区:Z1区6例、Z2区10例。患者术后呼吸机辅助通气时间(5.84±6.59)h,ICU停留时间(29.2±21.1)h,住院时间(11.9±6.05)d。患者术后治愈出院15例、偏瘫1例,随访过程中存活15例、死亡1例(为偏瘫患者)。12例患者术后影像学资料完整,CTA复查均未见开窗和分支闭塞或狭窄,无新发夹层或内漏,其中胸主动脉段假腔完全血栓化10例;夹层和壁间血肿患者中术后影像学资料完整9例,其中腹主动脉段假腔完全血栓化6例。结论近端锚定区不足的主动脉弓部疾病患者腔内修复手术治疗中采用Castor分支支架置入联合体外预开窗的手术时间短、创伤小,患者术后并发症少、预后良好,短中期随访效果稳定。

Effect of Temperature on Extraction of Castor Oil from Castor Seeds Using Potential Green Solvents

Extraction of castor oil from castor seeds was investigated using different green solvents which include d-limonene, p-cymene, α-pinene, ethanol, and furfural at the temperature range of (323 - 413) K. The Soxhlet extraction method was employed to investigate the effect of temperature at atmospheric pressure. The focus of the study was to investigate a potential green solvent that can produce the high yields compared to the traditional solvent (hexane). The results show that at the average time of 3 hours and 30 minutes, the castor oil yield for green solvents were ranked as furfural (47.13%) > ethanol (45.37%) > p-cymene (39.15%) > d-limonene (39.13%) > α-pinene (38.11%). These castor oil yields were obtained at optimum temperatures for each green solvent. The castor oil yields were compared to the yield of hexane (31.36%) at same average time. The green solvents were recovered by using simple distillation, except furfural which was difficult to be recovered.

对象/关系映射框架的研究与应用

在软件工程的各个阶段运用并体现面向对象的思想,已经成为软件设计开发的主旋律。占主导地位的关系数据库成为了面向对象系统架构中对象与关系数据库转换的“瓶颈”。论文着眼于面向对象系统中的类及其实例与关系数据库中表的映射,分析了类及其实例与关系数据库的映射模型,比较了几种映射解决方案的优缺点,重点研究了Castor在O/R(对象/关系)映射方面的优势及应用。

Web服务的两种调用模型的比较及开发

自Web服务进入技术领域以来,大多数Web服务都是围绕着远程过程调用而构建的,而WSDL规范允许另外一种Web服务体系结构:文档样式。在该体系结构中,整个文档在服务客户端和服务器之间进行交换。文中就这两种调用模型进行了分析与比较,并提出一种开发文档样式的Web服务的解决方案。

基于Hibernate的异构数据共享的研究

本文阐明基于网络的异构数据集成和共享方案的基本思想,并介绍了Hibernate、Castor、XML等相关技术,在此基础上给出了基于Hibernate的异构数据集成的模型和应用实例。该数据共享方法简便可行、可操作性强,在一定程度上减少了代码的编写,提高了数据集成与共享的效率,为进一步的数据分析提供了一定的技术支持。

Castor分支型支架治疗近端锚定区不足的B型主动脉夹层1例并文献复习

1病例资料患者,女性,65岁,因“胸背部疼痛11天,加重4+小时”入院。患者于入院11天前在情绪激动后出现胸背部胀痛,活动后加重。入院4小时前患者诉上诉症状加重,遂来遂宁市中心医院就诊。既往史:高血压病史15年。入院后完善心脏彩超:主动脉瓣轻-中度反流。头颈部CTA:右侧椎动脉细小,考虑发育异常;双侧颈总动脉窦及主动脉弓、左侧锁骨下动脉起始部钙化斑。胸腹主动脉CTA:升主动脉、主动脉弓部及弓上动脉分支显影良好,未见内膜破口及壁间血肿;距左锁骨下动脉开口约1 cm,主动脉弓降部可见一约0.8 cm破口.

应用CASTOR软件建立马铃薯晚疫病预警系统研究

应用CASTOR马铃薯晚疫病预测软件,配套采用Hobo H8 RH/T自动气象测量仪和Boxcar 4.0数据处理软件,能实现田间气象数据的自动测量收集、气象资料的整理和输出,CASTOR软件根据输入的数据预警病害的发生,并指导田间的防治。通过网络信息技术可以建立马铃薯晚疫病预警系统。2003年在昆明2个点测试了CASTOR软件中Wallin、Ullrich、Winstel 3个预测模型,其中Ullrich模型防治处理较对照增产8.61％和19.97％。针对云南省生态复杂,马铃薯栽培方式多样的情况,各地启动预警系统的时间尚需研究。

CASTOR托卡马克边缘温度涨落与密度涨落的特殊关系

在CASTOR托卡马克边缘,通过对能量分布函数b-i Maxwell分布电子的温度涨落和密度涨落的研究,本文导出了在径向位置上电子密度涨落和温度涨落相位差为π,并且得到温度相对涨落是电流相对涨落与密度相对涨落差的2倍。PopovTK等的实验结果证明了本文理论推导的正确性。

Castor分支支架释放时机与血栓形成风险相关性研究

目的分析健康血管锚定长度不足15 mm的Stanford B型主动脉夹层(TBAD)于不同时机释放Castor分支支架的主动脉重塑效果及与血栓形成的相关性。方法选取梅州市人民医院收治的46例择期释放Castor分支支架的患者,其中对照组于10~14 d治疗,研究组则于5~9 d治疗,观察不同时机释放Castor分支支架的疗效及与血栓形成的相关性。结果研究组部分血栓形成率为16.0%,较对照组降低(P<0.05);研究组血栓完全吸收率为84.0%,较对照组升高(P<0.05)。结论Castor分支支架具有隔绝性好、精准性高等优势,其中5~9 d释放更利于假腔血栓形成及吸收。

不同方式重建左锁骨下动脉用于锚定区不足主动脉夹层的效果评价

目的:探究不同方式重建左锁骨下动脉用于锚定区不足主动脉夹层的效果。方法:选取2020年10月~2022年3月我院收取的锚定区不足主动脉夹层42例。按照重建方式不同,将患者分为烟囱组、Castor支架组,各21例。烟囱组患者应用烟囱技术进行重建、Castor支架组患者应用Castor支架技术进行重建。分析两组患者围手术期情况,比较两组管腔直径、管腔面积,评估血栓化率,记录术后不良情况。结果:相较烟囱组,Castor支架组腹主动脉假腔部分部分血栓化率较低,完全血栓化率较高(P 0.05);2组在左锁骨开口面、气管隆突面、膈肌面及肾动脉开口上缘面4个平面上主动脉真腔管径差值、主动脉真腔面积差值及假腔面积差值、假腔腔管径差值比较(P > 0.05)。两组术后不良情况比较,Castor支架组术后不良情况较低(P < 0.05)。结论:在主动脉腔内修复术治疗锚定区不足主动脉夹层患者中,应用Castor支架技术相比烟囱技术的重建方式,Castor支架技术内漏发生率较低,效果较好。