O2O Catering Industry is Flourishing

According to research by Analysys International,a major Chinese think tank on the development of new media,there were 176 million orders fulfilled by China’s 020catering industry in the first quarter of 2015.For the whole of 2014,376 million orders were placed.Catering enterprises (CE) have to explore creative business

Spatial Distribution Pattern of the Catering Industry in A Tourist City: Taking Lhasa City as A Case

Affected by factors such as the city’s functional orientation and tourism consumption, the spatial layout of the catering industry in a tourism city has its own distinctive characteristics. The spatial distribution characteristics of the catering industry and the factors impacting it(from the perspectives of transportation, tourism resources and population) in the main city area of Lhasa, Tibet were analysed through point of interest data mining, average nearest neighbour analysis, a standard deviational ellipse, kernel density estimation, and buffer analysis in ArcGIS software. As a result, the spatial distribution pattern showed catering providers are mainly aggregated in the vicinity of areas with either developed transportation or rich tourism resources. The resident population has an important but inconclusive influence on the distribution, while the distribution of its concentration is highly consistent with that of the instant population. Considering the spatial structure, functional orientation, and tourism development of the area, measures are proposed for optimizing the spatial layout of the catering industry in this tourism-heavy plateau city.

Sustainable Development of the Catering Industry in China:Policy and Food Waste

The catering industry is an important industry related to the growth of the national economy and the needs of daily life.After 2012,the central government has successively introduced and implemented a series of policies to limit the official consumption and catering waste.These policies have had a huge impact on China’s catering industry,especially the development of high-end catering.Based on expert scoring and interviews with government managers,the catering industry organizations,catering enterprises,researchers and consumers,this paper studies the impacts of the policies before and after 2012 on the sustainable development of the catering industry.The results show that:(1)Policies after 2012 have been very strong in their strength and duration,and this can ensure that the policies can effectively perform their restraint and management functions in the long term.(2)As affected by policies after 2012,the frequency and amounts of public expenditures in China have dropped significantly,and mass consumption is developing faster.(3)The impact of policies on income is quite controversial.On the whole,the policies have continued to promote the increasing of catering income after 2012,and have played a significant role in optimizing the catering structure and reducing food waste.However,the policies have had little effect on the improvement of industry standards and environmental protection.(4)The sustainable development of the catering industry requires the efforts of the government,industry organizations,restaurants and consumers.Steady income growth,a reasonable and healthy industry structure,sound industry standards,and low food waste are important standards and goals for the sustainable development of the catering industry.

A Study of Food Waste in the Catering Industry in Beijing

Currently,the topic of food waste and its environmental impacts is attracting increasing attention among academic researchers.Based on an investigation of restaurants in Beijing,this study analyzes the quantities,structures,characteristics and costs of the agricultural resources related to food waste in the catering industry in Beijing.The results show that:(1)The average food waste per capita per meal is about 75.02 g(raw)for food away from home among Beijing urban residents,which means that about 10.52%of the food is wasted.(2)According to the quantitative ranking of different categories of food waste,vegetable is the most wasted,followed by meat,aquatic products,and grains.The foods in the other categories are wasted much less.(3)Food waste is affected by the restaurant type,as well as the number,gender,age,education level,and consumption motivation of the consumers.(4)Based on the estimated food waste per capita,about 417.92 thousand tons of food is wasted annually at the consumption stage in the catering industry in Beijing.This food waste amount is equivalent to approximately 765.53 tons of cereals which are wasted,and this represents 79.66%of cereals production and 13.15%of cereals consumption in Beijing.Estimated by the required land use,this amount of food waste means that the total production of approximately 166.12 thousand ha of arable land is being wasted in Beijing.

＂Right Time, Right Place, and Right People＂ and Chinese Entrepreneurship： A Case Study of Taiwan＇s Din Tai Fung Dumpling House

In examining corporate success, many scholars overlook an important contributing factor, namely entrepreneurship. However, Chinese wisdom believes that the ＂right time, right place, and right people＂ （Three R＇s） are crucial for business success. This study utilizes theories of entrepreneurship from the Austrian School of Economics to reinterpret the three factors for business success. This new interpretation is then applied to explain the success of a famous dumpling house in Taiwan, Din Tai Fung. This study argues that although favorable timing is critical to business success, it requires an entrepreneur to grasp the opportunity when it comes. The seizure of a golden chance requires alertness and preparation. More importantly, this study argues that even dating an adverse period, a crisis can be turned into a profit opportunity. Whereas a favorable location is also regarded as a key factor, this study goes beyond sheer spatial dimensions. Location also encompasses culture, social customs, norms and traditional folklores. This paper argues that an entrepreneur transplants culture and social customs from one location to another, thus, gaining pure entrepreneurial profit. Finally, the ＂right people＂ in an entrepreneurial sense involves a harmonious social network and good personal relationship （Guanxi）. By maintaining a harmonious relationship with staff members, partners, customers, and suppliers, entrepreneurs can ＂get things done.＂ This case study provides a new insight into Chinese entrepreneurship in East Asia.＂Right Time, Right Place, and Right People＂ and Chinese Entrepreneurship