Introduction: The caudal anesthesia is used by many authors for postoperative analgesia. The purpose of this study was to report our experience in the practice of caudal block as post operative analgesia method in amb...Introduction: The caudal anesthesia is used by many authors for postoperative analgesia. The purpose of this study was to report our experience in the practice of caudal block as post operative analgesia method in ambulatory surgery in a context of limited technical equipment. Patients and Method: Over a period of 5 months, a prospective study was conducted on 39 children aged 3 to 5 years weighing on average 15.12 kg. Children classified ASA I and II were selected. After premedication with midazolam (0.3 mg/kg) by intra rectal route, the inhalation induction was made with sevoflurane 8%, conveyed by fresh gas (50% O2 and 50% air). The caudal block was obtained with the levobupivacaine 0.25% at a dose of 1 ml/kg. The hemodynamic parameters (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rates) and respiratory parameters (respiratory frequency) pre-, per- and post-operative were measured. Post-operative pain was assessed with the Objective Pain Scale (OPS). The date of first use of analgesia was noted. The adverse effects of caudal block (meningitis, respiratory disorders, acute urinary retention, cardiac disorders) have been assessed. Results: The average duration of the procedure was 55.2 minutes. The use of analgesia was made 4 hours after skin closure, when the OPS Broadmann score was greater than 3. An agitation was observed in 6 children. Haemodynamic parameters have not significantly varied from the pre- to the post-operative. No infectious complications or intolerance to local anesthetics were observed. Allthe children were able to drink 4 hours after the end of the intervention and issued their first urine later than 3 hours after surgery. Conclusion: This type of anesthesia has been found very suitable for ambulatory surgery of the child, and is always helpful. It assured a post operative analgesia of good quality, and a reduction in consumption of morphine intraoperatively.展开更多
目的探讨利多卡因复合芬太尼在小儿骶管麻醉中应用的安全性和有效性。方法39例行腹股沟区手术的患儿,随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组经骶管单次注入1%的利多卡因0.6-0.8 m l/kg和芬太尼1μg/kg混合液,对照组注入1%的利多卡因0.6-0.8 m ...目的探讨利多卡因复合芬太尼在小儿骶管麻醉中应用的安全性和有效性。方法39例行腹股沟区手术的患儿,随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组经骶管单次注入1%的利多卡因0.6-0.8 m l/kg和芬太尼1μg/kg混合液,对照组注入1%的利多卡因0.6-0.8 m l/kg,两组骶管麻醉后都用异丙酚和氯胺酮维持镇静。记录两组患儿发生呼吸暂停例数、静脉加药≥2次的例数、异丙酚的平均用药量、术后苏醒时间和不同时点SBP、DBP、HR、SpO2的值。结果与对照组比较,实验组SBP、DBP、HR平稳、静脉加药次数少、异丙酚平均用药量少、术后苏醒时间短（P〈0.05）,不增加呼吸暂停的发生率（P〉0.05）。结论利多卡因复合芬太尼用于小儿骶管麻醉,可提高痛阈、有效地减少内脏牵拉痛和抑制疼痛的向上传导,术中患儿生命征平稳,术后患儿苏醒早,是一种安全有效的麻醉方法。展开更多
目的评价超声辅助改良骶管阻滞麻醉用于婴儿腹股沟疝手术的安全性和有效性。方法择期行腹股沟疝手术的患儿60例,年龄4~12个月,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,采用随机数字表法将患儿分为两组：传统方法组和改良方法组,每组30例。骶管阻滞采用0.15%罗哌卡...目的评价超声辅助改良骶管阻滞麻醉用于婴儿腹股沟疝手术的安全性和有效性。方法择期行腹股沟疝手术的患儿60例,年龄4~12个月,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,采用随机数字表法将患儿分为两组：传统方法组和改良方法组,每组30例。骶管阻滞采用0.15%罗哌卡因,推注速度0.5 m L/s,总量1 m L/kg,超声监测局麻药在硬膜外腔的扩散。记录患儿性别、年龄、体质量,麻醉诱导后（t1）、手术开始时（t2）、手术开始后10 min（t3）和手术结束时（t4）的心率、血压、呼吸、脉搏氧饱和度等生命体征。记录穿刺成功所需时间、穿刺次数、误入血管或蛛网膜下腔情况以及局麻药在硬膜外腔达到的最高节段。结果所有患儿生命体征平稳,骶管阻滞效果完善。传统方法组和改良方法组,局麻药达到腰1的比例分别为86.7%和83.3%。在传统方法组中,第1次穿刺成功率为83.3%,穿刺成功所需时间为（299.9±35.6）s,有3例误入血管和1例误入蛛网膜下腔。在改良方法组中,第1次穿刺失败率为96.7%,穿刺成功所需时间为（297.6±28.4）s,无误入血管或蛛网膜下腔的病例。结论采用超声辅助改良骶管阻滞法,穿刺成功率高,并发症少,阻滞效果完善。展开更多
文摘Introduction: The caudal anesthesia is used by many authors for postoperative analgesia. The purpose of this study was to report our experience in the practice of caudal block as post operative analgesia method in ambulatory surgery in a context of limited technical equipment. Patients and Method: Over a period of 5 months, a prospective study was conducted on 39 children aged 3 to 5 years weighing on average 15.12 kg. Children classified ASA I and II were selected. After premedication with midazolam (0.3 mg/kg) by intra rectal route, the inhalation induction was made with sevoflurane 8%, conveyed by fresh gas (50% O2 and 50% air). The caudal block was obtained with the levobupivacaine 0.25% at a dose of 1 ml/kg. The hemodynamic parameters (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rates) and respiratory parameters (respiratory frequency) pre-, per- and post-operative were measured. Post-operative pain was assessed with the Objective Pain Scale (OPS). The date of first use of analgesia was noted. The adverse effects of caudal block (meningitis, respiratory disorders, acute urinary retention, cardiac disorders) have been assessed. Results: The average duration of the procedure was 55.2 minutes. The use of analgesia was made 4 hours after skin closure, when the OPS Broadmann score was greater than 3. An agitation was observed in 6 children. Haemodynamic parameters have not significantly varied from the pre- to the post-operative. No infectious complications or intolerance to local anesthetics were observed. Allthe children were able to drink 4 hours after the end of the intervention and issued their first urine later than 3 hours after surgery. Conclusion: This type of anesthesia has been found very suitable for ambulatory surgery of the child, and is always helpful. It assured a post operative analgesia of good quality, and a reduction in consumption of morphine intraoperatively.
文摘目的探讨利多卡因复合芬太尼在小儿骶管麻醉中应用的安全性和有效性。方法39例行腹股沟区手术的患儿,随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组经骶管单次注入1%的利多卡因0.6-0.8 m l/kg和芬太尼1μg/kg混合液,对照组注入1%的利多卡因0.6-0.8 m l/kg,两组骶管麻醉后都用异丙酚和氯胺酮维持镇静。记录两组患儿发生呼吸暂停例数、静脉加药≥2次的例数、异丙酚的平均用药量、术后苏醒时间和不同时点SBP、DBP、HR、SpO2的值。结果与对照组比较,实验组SBP、DBP、HR平稳、静脉加药次数少、异丙酚平均用药量少、术后苏醒时间短（P〈0.05）,不增加呼吸暂停的发生率（P〉0.05）。结论利多卡因复合芬太尼用于小儿骶管麻醉,可提高痛阈、有效地减少内脏牵拉痛和抑制疼痛的向上传导,术中患儿生命征平稳,术后患儿苏醒早,是一种安全有效的麻醉方法。
文摘目的评价超声辅助改良骶管阻滞麻醉用于婴儿腹股沟疝手术的安全性和有效性。方法择期行腹股沟疝手术的患儿60例,年龄4~12个月,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,采用随机数字表法将患儿分为两组：传统方法组和改良方法组,每组30例。骶管阻滞采用0.15%罗哌卡因,推注速度0.5 m L/s,总量1 m L/kg,超声监测局麻药在硬膜外腔的扩散。记录患儿性别、年龄、体质量,麻醉诱导后（t1）、手术开始时（t2）、手术开始后10 min（t3）和手术结束时（t4）的心率、血压、呼吸、脉搏氧饱和度等生命体征。记录穿刺成功所需时间、穿刺次数、误入血管或蛛网膜下腔情况以及局麻药在硬膜外腔达到的最高节段。结果所有患儿生命体征平稳,骶管阻滞效果完善。传统方法组和改良方法组,局麻药达到腰1的比例分别为86.7%和83.3%。在传统方法组中,第1次穿刺成功率为83.3%,穿刺成功所需时间为（299.9±35.6）s,有3例误入血管和1例误入蛛网膜下腔。在改良方法组中,第1次穿刺失败率为96.7%,穿刺成功所需时间为（297.6±28.4）s,无误入血管或蛛网膜下腔的病例。结论采用超声辅助改良骶管阻滞法,穿刺成功率高,并发症少,阻滞效果完善。
