Causal association rule mining methods based on fuzzy state description

Aiming at the research that using more new knowledge to develope knowledge system with dynamic accordance, and under the background of using Fuzzy language field and Fuzzy language values structure as description framework, the generalized cell Automation that can synthetically process fuzzy indeterminacy and random indeterminacy and generalized inductive logic causal model is brought forward. On this basis, a kind of the new method that can discover causal association rules is provded. According to the causal information of standard sample space and commonly sample space, through constructing its state （abnormality） relation matrix, causal association rules can be gained by using inductive reasoning mechanism. The estimate of this algorithm complexity is given,and its validiw is proved through case.

Causal association between 731 immunocyte phenotypes and liver cirrhosis: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization analysis

BACKGROUND Liver cirrhosis is a progressive hepatic disease whose immunological basis has attracted increasing attention.However,it remains unclear whether a concrete causal association exists between immunocyte phenotypes and liver cirrhosis.AIM To explore the concrete causal relationships between immunocyte phenotypes and liver cirrhosis through a mendelian randomization(MR)study.METHODS Data on 731 immunocyte phenotypes were obtained from genome-wide assoc-iation studies.Liver cirrhosis data were derived from the Finn Gen dataset,which included 214403 individuals of European ancestry.We used inverse variable weighting as the primary analysis method to assess the causal relationship.Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.RESULTS The MR analysis demonstrated that 11 immune cell phenotypes have a positive association with liver cirrhosis[P<0.05,odds ratio(OR)>1]and that 9 immu-nocyte phenotypes were negatively correlated with liver cirrhosis(P<0.05,OR<1).Liver cirrhosis was positively linked to 9 immune cell phenotypes(P<0.05,OR>1)and negatively linked to 10 immune cell phenotypes(P<0.05;OR<1).None of these associations showed heterogeneity or horizontally pleiotropy(P>0.05).CONCLUSION This bidirectional two-sample MR study demonstrated a concrete causal association between immunocyte phenotypes and liver cirrhosis.These findings offer new directions for the treatment of liver cirrhosis.

Genetically predicted insomnia causally increases the risk of erectile dysfunction

Sleep has attracted extensive attention due to its significance in health.However,its association with erectile dysfunction(ED)is insufficiently investigated.To investigate the potential causal links between sleep traits(insomnia,sleep duration,and chronotype)and ED,this study was performed.The single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)associated with insomnia,sleep duration,and chronotype were retrieved from previous genome-wide association studies(GWAS).A conventional two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)was used to estimate the causal links between sleep traits and ED.The summary statistics of ED were from individuals of European ancestry(6175 cases vs 217630 controls).As shown by the random effect inverse-variance-weighting(IVW)estimator,genetically predicted insomnia was causally associated with a 1.15-fold risk of ED(95%confidence interval:1.07-1.23,P<0.001).Sleep duration and morningness were not causally associated with ED,as indicated by the IVW(all P>0.05).These findings were consistent with the results of sensitivity analyses.Based on genetic data,this study provides causal evidence that genetically predicted insomnia increases the risk of ED,whereas sleep duration and chronotype do not.