Insights on advanced g‐C_(3)N_(4)in energy storage:Applications,challenges,and future

Graphitic carbon nitride(g‐C_(3)N_(4))is a highly recognized two‐dimensional semiconductor material known for its exceptional chemical and physical stability,environmental friendliness,and pollution‐free advantages.These remarkable properties have sparked extensive research in the field of energy storage.This review paper presents the latest advances in the utilization of g‐C_(3)N_(4)in various energy storage technologies,including lithium‐ion batteries,lithium‐sulfur batteries,sodium‐ion batteries,potassium‐ion batteries,and supercapacitors.One of the key strengths of g‐C_(3)N_(4)lies in its simple preparation process along with the ease of optimizing its material structure.It possesses abundant amino and Lewis basic groups,as well as a high density of nitrogen,enabling efficient charge transfer and electrolyte solution penetration.Moreover,the graphite‐like layered structure and the presence of largeπbonds in g‐C_(3)N_(4)contribute to its versatility in preparing multifunctional materials with different dimensions,element and group doping,and conjugated systems.These characteristics open up possibilities for expanding its application in energy storage devices.This article comprehensively reviews the research progress on g‐C_(3)N_(4)in energy storage and highlights its potential for future applications in this field.By exploring the advantages and unique features of g‐C_(3)N_(4),this paper provides valuable insights into harnessing the full potential of this material for energy storage applications.

In situ luminescence measurements of GaN/Al_(2)O_(3) film under different energy proton irradiations

Ion beam-induced luminescence(IBIL) experiments were performed to investigate the in situ luminescence of GaN/Al_(2)O_(3) at varying ion energies,which allowed for the measurement of defects at different depths within the material.The energies of H^(+)were set to 500 keV,640 keV and 2 MeV,the Bragg peaks of which correspond to the GaN film,GaN/Al_(2)O_(3) heterojunction and Al_(2)O_(3) substrate,respectively.A photoluminescence measurement at 250 K was also performed for comparison,during which only near band edge(NBE) and yellow band luminescence in the GaN film were observed.The evolution of the luminescence of the NBE and yellow band in the GaN film was discussed,and both exhibited a decrease with the fluence of H^(+).Additionally,the luminescence of F centers,induced by oxygen vacancies,and Cr^(3+),resulting from the ^(2)E →^(4)A_(2) radiative transition in Al_(2)O_(3),were measured using 2 MeV H^(+).The luminescence intensity of F centers increases gradually with the fluence of H^(+).The luminescence evolution of Cr^(3+)is consistent with a yellow band center,attributed to its weak intensity,and it is situated within the emission band of the yellow band in the GaN film.Our results show that IBIL measurement can effectively detect the luminescence behavior of multilayer films by adjusting the ion energy.Luminescence measurement can be excited by various techniques,but IBIL can satisfy in situ luminescence measurement,and multilayer structural materials of tens of micrometers can be measured through IBIL by adjusting the energy of the inducing ions.The evolution of defects at different layers with ion fluence can be obtained.

Mn^(2+)掺杂对YAG∶Ce^(3+)荧光陶瓷发光性能的影响

过渡族金属Mn^(2+)掺杂的石榴石荧光陶瓷被认为是实现高显色激光照明的候选材料。然而,由于Mn^(2+)在不同配位环境下离子半径的多样性,Mn^(2+)掺杂石榴石陶瓷体系设计方案尚不明确。本文采用真空烧结技术制备得到不同浓度Mn^(2+)掺杂的YAG∶Ce^(3+)荧光陶瓷,并将Mn^(2+)分别设计进入八面体(OC)和十二面体(DO)格位。通过表征样品物相和显微结构、光致发光、荧光寿命、量子效率等,并通过LD激光器激发对荧光陶瓷的发光性能进行研究。实验结果表明,在添加电荷与体积补偿剂SiO_(2)的前提下,相比Mn^(2+)进入十二面体格位,Mn^(2+)进入八面体后石榴石的晶体结构更加稳定。因此,当Mn^(2+)的浓度控制在0.5%^(6)%(at)范围内,OC系列样品的量子效率高于DO系列样品。此外,OC系列样品的PL谱中位于588 nm和725 nm处的发射峰分别对应于Mn^(2+)占据八面体和十二面体格位的^(4)T_(1)→^(6)A_(1)电子跃迁,而DO系列样品中位于572 nm处的发射峰则源于Mn^(2+)占据扭曲的十二面体格位产生的电子跃迁。得益于Ce^(3+)→Mn^(2+)间高效的能量传递,将浓度为6%(at)的Mn^(2+)设计进入YAG∶Ce^(3+)中八面体格位制得荧光陶瓷,封装得到的激光白光光源的显色指数为70.8,相对色温为5117 K。本文对于Mn^(2+)掺杂的石榴石发光材料的开发研究是有力补充,也为提升YAG∶Ce^(3+)荧光陶瓷光谱中的红光成分,进而提高医疗、显示等领域的激光光源的显色性能提供借鉴。

Ce^(3+)-Tb^(3+)共掺杂黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃的发光与能量传递

以黄磷炉渣为原料,采用高温熔融法制备Ce^(3+)-Tb^(3+)共掺杂黄磷炉渣发光微晶玻璃,通过差热分析(DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、稳态/瞬态荧光(FLS)、CIE色度等探究不同的Tb^(3+)掺杂量对微晶玻璃析出晶相、发光性能和样品色度的影响。结果表明,Ce^(3+)和Tb^(3+)的引入,微晶玻璃主晶相为硅灰石,在310 nm波长激发下,随着Tb^(3+)掺杂量增加,位于380 nm处Ce^(3+)的特征发射峰减小,543 nm处Tb^(3+)的特征发射峰增强,证实Ce^(3+)和Tb^(3+)之间存在能量传递,能量传递效率达到24.55%。此外,通过调整Tb^(3+)掺杂量,微晶玻璃发光颜色可由蓝光调至绿光,从而实现发光颜色的可控化。

NaYSiO_(4)∶Ce^(3+)蓝色荧光粉的发光性质及其在白光发光二极管上的应用

采用高温固相法合成了NaYSiO_(4)∶xCe^(3+)(0.01≤x≤0.05)系列蓝色荧光粉。NaYSiO_(4)∶xCe^(3+)荧光粉在250~360 nm之间的宽带吸收能与紫外LED芯片很好地匹配。NaYSiO_(4)∶xCe^(3+)荧光粉中存在多个Ce^(3+)离子荧光中心,且在紫外光激发下表现出峰值波长位于414 nm附近的宽带蓝光发射。NaYSiO_(4)∶0.02Ce^(3+)荧光粉在300~350 nm紫外光激发下量子效率在25%以上。NaYSiO_(4)∶0.02Ce^(3+)荧光粉表现出优良的化学稳定性,在水中浸泡14 d后荧光强度和量子效率几乎不变。将NaYSiO_(4)∶0.02Ce^(3+)蓝色荧光粉、商用(Sr,Ba)_2SiO_(4)∶Eu^(2+)绿色荧光粉和商用(Ca,Sr)AlSiN_(3)∶Eu^(2+)红色荧光粉涂覆于310 nm紫外LED芯片上制备得到了显色指数高达95的LED器件。当驱动电流从50 mA逐渐增大到300 mA时,制备的LED器件表现出稳定的暖白光发射,其色坐标几乎不变。上述结果说明,本研究报道的NaYSiO_(4)∶0.02Ce^(3+)蓝色荧光粉在紫外LED芯片驱动的白光发光二极管照明上有着潜在应用价值。

无压烧结制备Y_(2)MgAl_(4)SiO_(12)∶Ce^(3+)荧光陶瓷及光学性能

Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)∶Ce^(3+)荧光粉是目前白光LED的主要发光材料,但在使用时存在封装树脂因散热不佳而发生老化等问题。本文采用无压烧结制备了Y_(2)MgAl_(4)SiO_(12)∶Ce^(3+)透明陶瓷荧光体,用于替代荧光粉体和调控发光性能。首先通过化学共沉淀法制备前驱体粉体,经高温煅烧后采用冷等静压成型,最后在马弗炉中1 600℃煅烧制得透明荧光陶瓷。研究了Ce^(3+)掺杂浓度和样品厚度对材料性能的影响,其中掺杂量为0.5%的样品在800 nm处具有56%的透过率,在450 K下发光强度仍能保持室温强度的84%。与蓝光芯片组装成器件测试表明,荧光陶瓷在蓝光LEDs/LDs的激发下发出白光,其CIE色度坐标分别为(0.307 6,0.332 9)和(0.308 0,0.331 6),光效分别为62.6 lm/W和146.3 lm/W。研究结果表明,YMAS∶Ce荧光陶瓷可应用于白光LEDs/LDs领域。

Gd^(3+)/Ce^(3+)对Tb^(3+)掺杂氟氧化物玻璃发光敏化作用的影响

本文采用高温熔融法制备了Gd/Tb、Gd/Ce、Gd/Ce/Tb掺杂的SiO_(2)-B_(2)O_(3)-BaF_(2)组分氟氧化物玻璃,通过测试X射线衍射光谱确定了其物相,通过测试其不同波段激发下的荧光光谱研究了不同Gd_(2)O_(3)掺量下Tb^(3+)的发光性能,并确定了Gd_(2)O_(3)更精确的最佳掺量范围。此外,文中通过改变气氛制备了Gd/Ce/Tb共掺杂氟氧化物玻璃,对比研究了Gd^(3+)和Ce^(3+)对Tb^(3+)的敏化作用。结果表明,本文所制备的氟氧化物玻璃都呈稳定的玻璃态;Gd^(3+)和Ce^(3+)对Tb^(3+)的发光都具有敏化作用,且Gd_(2)O_(3)掺量为7%(摩尔分数,下同)时敏化效果相较于其他掺量最为显著,超出7%则造成猝灭;Ce_(2)O_(3)掺入玻璃后以Ce^(3+)和Ce^(4+)两种价态共存,在还原气氛下掺入相较于空气气氛下掺入更容易保持Ce^(3+)状态,而且Ce^(3+)对Tb^(3+)的发光具有敏化作用,Ce^(4+)会抑制Tb^(3+)的发光。

Solid-state NMR study on sodium intercalation at low voltage window for Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) as an anode

In-situ XRD,^(31)P NMR and ^(23)Na NMR were used to analyze the interaction behavior of Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) at low voltage,and then a new intercalation model was proposed.During the transition from Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) to Na_(4)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3),Na ions insert into M1,M2 and M3 sites simultaneously.Afterwards,during the transition of Na_(4)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)to Na_(5)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3),Na ions mainly insert into M3 site.

Interfacial built-in electric field and crosslinking pathways enabling WS_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) heterojunction with robust sodium storage at low temperature

Developing efficient energy storage for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)by creating high-performance heterojunctions and understanding their interfacial interaction at the atomic/molecular level holds promise but is also challenging.Besides,sluggish reaction kinetics at low temperatures restrict the operation of SIBs in cold climates.Herein,cross-linking nanoarchitectonics of WS_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) heterojunction,featuring built-in electric field(BIEF),have been developed,employing as a model to reveal the positive effect of heterojunction design and BIEF for modifying the reaction kinetics and electrochemical activity.Particularly,the theoretical analysis manifests the discrepancy in work functions leads to the electronic flow from the electron-rich Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) to layered WS_(2),spontaneously forming the BIEF and“ion reservoir”at the heterogeneous interface.Besides,the generation of cross-linking pathways further promotes the transportation of electrons/ions,which guarantees rapid diffusion kinetics and excellent structure coupling.Consequently,superior sodium storage performance is obtained for the WS_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) heterojunction,with only 0.2%decay per cycle at 5.0 A g^(-1)(25℃)up to 1000 cycles and a high capacity of 293.5 mA h g^(-1)(0.1A g^(-1)after 100 cycles)even at-20℃.Importantly,the spontaneously formed BIEF,accompanied by“ion reservoir”,in heterojunction provides deep understandings of the correlation between structure fabricated and performance obtained.

Extending the solid solution range of sodium ferric pyrophosphate:Off‐stoichiometric Na_(3)Fe(2.5)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)as a novel cathode for sodium‐ion batteries

Iron‐based pyrophosphates are attractive cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries due to their large framework,cost‐effectiveness,and high energy density.However,the understanding of the crystal structure is scarce and only a limited candidates have been reported so far.In this work,we found for the first time that a continuous solid solution,Na_(4−α)Fe_(2+α)_(2)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)(0≤α≤1,could be obtained by mutual substitution of cations at center‐symmetric Na3 and Na4 sites while keeping the crystal building blocks of anionic P2O7 unchanged.In particular,a novel off‐stoichiometric Na_(3)Fe(2.5)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)is thus proposed,and its structure,energy storage mechanism,and electrochemical performance are extensively investigated to unveil the structure–function relationship.The as‐prepared off‐stoichiometric electrode delivers appealing performance with a reversible discharge capacity of 83 mAh g^(−1),a working voltage of 2.9 V(vs.Na^(+)/Na),the retention of 89.2%of the initial capacity after 500 cycles,and enhanced rate capability of 51 mAh g^(−1)at a current density of 1600 mA g^(−1).This research shows that sodium ferric pyrophosphate could form extended solid solution composition and promising phase is concealed in the range of Na_(4−α)Fe_(2+α)_(2)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2),offering more chances for exploration of new cathode materials for the construction of high‐performance SIBs.

Effects of anti-CD4 antibody treatment on calcium ions influx in peanut-sensitized C3H/HeJ mice

The precise mechanism underlying the effects of anti-CD4 antibody and calcium ions(Ca^(2+)) in peanut allergy remains unknown.C3 H/HeJ mice sensitized with peanut protein extract(PPE)were injected with anti-CD4 antibodies for 4 weeks.Stimulation with PPE increased the specific immunoglobulin E(IgE),cytokine,histamine,and mMcp-1 levels,upregulated decorin(Dcn)expression,induced Ca^(2+) inflow in the spleen,and augmented the expression of the transcription factors GATA-3 and Foxp3,which resulted in Th2 and Treg cell activation.Notably,the Ca^(2+) levels were positively correlated with the histamine,interleukin(IL)-4,IL-5,and IL-13 levels,and negatively correlated with IL-10 levels.However,administration of anti-CD4 antibodies markedly alleviated allergic symptoms,activated T cells,and reduced Ca^(2+) inflow,cytokine,histamine,mMcp-1,and the IgHG3,CXCLI2,MMP2 and FABP4 gene.Our results indicated that anti-CD4 antibodies can ameliorate PPE-induced allergy,which is probably related to the suppression of Ca^(2+) inflow,and inhibiting histamine,cytokine and IgHG3,CXCL12,MMP2,and FABP4,thus exerting a protective effect against PPEsensitized food allergy.

A New High Efficiency Green Luminescent Material──the System Al_2O_3-B_2O_3 Containing Ce^(3+) and Tb^(3+) Ions

To obtain high efficiency luminescent materials, the system Al2O3-B2O3 containing Ce3+ andTb3+ ions with variation of B2O3-content, has been prepared by Al2O3, H3BO3, CeO2 and Tb4O7 underreducing atmosphere at 1250i . It is notable that the brightness of the sample with appropriatecomposition is similar to that of commercial phosphorous containing Ce3+ and Tb3+, indicating that a newhigh efficency green luminescent material was obtained with appropriate B2O3-content.

黄色荧光粉La_(3)Si_(6)N_(11)∶Ce^(3+)的结构、性能研究及第一性原理计算

运用高温固相法合成掺铈的氮化物荧光粉La_(3)Si_(6)N_(11)∶Ce^(3+)。采用X射线衍射仪、能谱仪、荧光光谱仪对合成样品的结构、发光性能等进行研究,利用Rietveld方法对其结构精修,并计算了La_(3)Si_(6)N_(11)∶Ce^(3+)的色坐标、色纯度和色温。结果表明:该荧光粉的色坐标为(0.4165,0.558),落在黄绿光区域,计算得到La_(2.82)Si_(6)N_(11)∶Ce_(0.18)^(3+)的色纯度约为92.86%,具有较高的纯度,相关色温为4137K,属于中间色温。通过计算可得掺杂后La_(3)Si_(6)N_(11)∶Ce^(3+)的带隙值为2.92eV,相对掺杂前略微减少,且La_(3)Si_(6)N_(11)∶Ce^(3+)体系属于直接带隙结构,从而有利于提高其发光性能。

8YSZ/Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)光敏复合热障涂层的等温氧化及光谱响应特性

为了监测热障涂层在氧化过程中陶瓷层内部的残余热应力,制备了Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)含量不同的8YSZ/Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)光敏复合热障涂层。研究了Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)不同含量下8YSZ/Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)光敏复合热障涂层等温氧化过程的失效机理,阐述了陶瓷层内部残余热应力与Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)的发射光谱的峰值波长之间的内在响应机制;同时研究了8YSZ/Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)光敏复合热障涂层陶瓷层发射光谱峰值波长偏移量与氧化时间的关系,并拟合了8YSZ/10%Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)光敏复合热障涂层等温氧化时间与光谱变化的传感方程。结果表明:1 050℃等温氧化100 h过程中8YSZ/Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)光敏复合热障涂层失效主要是陶瓷层内部残余热应力导致,且随氧化时间的增加,陶瓷层内部残余热应力增加,Y3Al5O12:Ce3+的发射光谱的峰值波长向短波方向偏移;8YSZ/10%Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)光敏复合热障涂层发射光谱峰值波长偏移量与氧化时间传感方程为:Δλ=155.785 07·t0.004 15-154.792 58。因此,可以通过发射光谱峰值波长的偏移规律表征氧化过程中陶瓷层内部的残余热应力。

黄色荧光粉YAG:Ce^(3+)结构精修及发光性能

运用高温固相法在1 450℃合成系列掺铈的钇铝石榴石荧光粉Y_(3-x)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce_(x)^(3+),得到最佳样品为Y_(2.75)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce_(0.05)^(3+)。对样品进行X射线衍射、形貌特征、荧光光谱等方面的测试分析后,结果表明该荧光粉晶粒尺寸为15μm左右,各元素分布均匀,其精修图与实测XRD谱图基本吻合,属于立方晶系。色坐标为(0.645 1,0.354 5),色纯度达到94.04%,相关色温为3 770 K。通过能级分析,得出其斯托克位移Es为3 494 cm^(-1)。

Sb_(2)S_(3)/石墨烯负极材料的制备及其储钠性能研究

钠离子电池(sodium-ion batteries,SIBs)具有成本低的潜在优势,有望成为替代锂离子电池(lithium ion batteries,LIBs)的储能设备。为提升钠离子电池的性能,开发出适应钠离子脱嵌的负极材料尤为重要。硫化锑(Sb_(2)S_(3))因其理论比容量高被认为是较好的钠离子电池负极材料。本文使用简单水热法将Sb_(2)S_(3)与石墨烯复合,制备Sb_(2)S_(3)/石墨烯复合材料(Sb_(2)S_(3)/Gr)。结果表明:Sb_(2)S_(3)/Gr作为钠离子电池负极时,不仅表现出良好的电导率(3.5×10~(-3)S/cm)和钠离子扩散速率(4.853×10~(-13)cm~2/s),而且在0.5 A/g的电流密度下,首圈库伦效率为76.27%,经150次循环后的比容量稳定在488 m A·h/g,表现出较高的比容量。Sb_(2)S_(3)/Gr复合材料表现出了极大的应用潜力,为高性能钠离子电池负极材料的研发提供了一定的参考价值。

P2X7R过表达的巨噬细胞MSU晶体诱导痛风炎症反应过程中IL-1β、TNF-α、NLRP3表达观察

目的观察嘌呤能受体P2X配体门控离子通道7的配体(P2X7R)过表达白血病细胞诱导分化的巨噬细胞单钠尿酸盐(MSU)晶体诱导痛风炎症反应过程中NOD样受体家族3(NLRP3)蛋白、IL-1β、TNF-α表达情况。方法取人单核细胞白血病细胞系THP-1,并随机分为过表达组、空白组、模型组、对照组;过表达组和空白组分别转染P2X7R过表达质粒、空白载体质粒,转染5 d,将过表达组、空白组、模型组THP-1细胞用100 ng/mL的PMA刺激3 h后分化为巨噬细胞,另将MSU晶体用氢氧化钠溶解配制成浓度为100μg/mL的MSU乳糜状悬液加入培养液中孵育6 h;对照组正常培养。分别采用RT-PCR法和Western blot法测算巨噬细胞P2X7R mRNA、蛋白,ELISA法检测巨噬细胞上清液IL-1β、TNF-α,Western blot法测算巨噬细胞NOD样受体家族3(NLRP3)蛋白。结果与对照组比较,过表达组、空白组、模型组P2X7R mRNA和蛋白相对表达量升高,细胞上清液IL-1β、TNF-α水平升高,细胞NLRP3蛋白相对表达量升高(P均<0.05);与模型组、空白组比较,过表达组P2X7R mRNA、蛋白相对表达量升高,细胞上清液IL-1β、TNF-α水平升高,细胞NLRP3蛋白相对表达量升高(P均<0.05)。结论P2X7R过表达白血病细胞诱导分化的巨噬细胞MSU晶体诱导痛风炎症反应过程中IL-1β、TNF-α、NLRP3表达增加,IL-1β、TNF-α水平升高可能通过激活NLRP3蛋白来实现。

发光颜色可调的白磷钙矿结构Ca_(8)MgBi(PO_(4))7∶Ce^(3+),Tb^(3+)荧光粉的制备、发光性能及能量传递

采用具有白磷钙矿结构的磷酸盐作为目标产物,通过高温固相法制备了发光颜色可调的Ca_(8)MgBi(PO_(4))7∶Ce^(3+),Tb^(3+)荧光粉。利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和荧光光谱等表征手段对其物相组成、微观形貌及发光性能进行了详细研究。结果表明:掺杂少量的Ce^(3+)、Tb^(3+)并没有改变Ca_(8)MgBi(PO_(4))7基质的晶体结构。荧光光谱和荧光寿命曲线确定了Ce^(3+)-Tb^(3+)之间存在能量传递,其能量传递机制为四极-四极相互作用,能量传递效率可达81%。固定Ce^(3+)浓度而逐渐增加Tb^(3+)的掺杂量时,系列Ca_(8)MgBi(PO_(4))7∶0.08Ce^(3+),yTb^(3+)荧光粉的发光颜色可由蓝光调至绿光,从而实现发光颜色的可控化。

Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)超薄纳米片高效率去除废水中重金属的研究

通过刻蚀剥离法制备了Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)超薄纳米片,探究了其对废水中重金属离子的吸附特性。通过SEM、XRD、AFM、FT-IR、Raman对Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)超薄纳米片的形貌和结构进行了表征,通过ICP-MS对处理前后水体中重金属离子的含量进行了测试。结果表明剥离的Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)超薄纳米片表面含有结构缺陷和羟基,当水体中Cu(Ⅱ)、Pb(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度为50 mg/L时,47.5 mg Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)超薄纳米片对其的去除效率高达90%以上,尤其是对Pb(Ⅱ)的去除效率达到了98.81%,吸附性能远高于大孔树脂、硅藻土和活性炭等常见吸附试剂。在Na(Ⅰ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Pb(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅵ)4种离子共存溶液中,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)超薄纳米片对于Pb(Ⅱ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的去除依然可以达到92%以上。通过动力学和吸附等温拟合,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)纳米片对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附符合拟二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温模型,对Pb(Ⅱ)的最大吸附量和最低检出限分别为81.7 mg/g和0.0094 mg/L。Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)超薄纳米片对重金属离子的吸附特性在化学工业、食品加工的废水处理中具有良好的应用前景。

Ce^(3+)掺杂闪烁玻璃的研究进展

闪烁玻璃由于制备工艺简单,尺寸灵活可控,成本低廉等优点,有望成为中国环形正负电子对撞机(CEPC)中强子量能器的候选材料。其中,以Ce^(3+)发光中心掺杂闪烁玻璃有较好的闪烁性能。玻璃基质可以分为氧化物玻璃、卤化物玻璃和微晶玻璃。本文根据Ce^(3+)掺杂不同玻璃基质分类,重点关注了Ce^(3+)掺杂闪烁玻璃的光学透过率、光产额、衰减时间等闪烁性能和抗辐照特性。并且,总结了国内外以及闪烁玻璃合作组的最新研究成果。针对不同玻璃体系的研究现状,从玻璃组成与制备工艺等两个方面探讨了玻璃性能提升手段。最后,对Ce^(3+)掺杂闪烁玻璃未来的研究发展方向做出了展望。