The deficiency theories of dyslexia are quite contradictory and the cross-cultural studies in recent years mainly focused on whether the dyslexics among cultures shared the same cognitive profile or just based on the ...The deficiency theories of dyslexia are quite contradictory and the cross-cultural studies in recent years mainly focused on whether the dyslexics among cultures shared the same cognitive profile or just based on the language.This study used Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) imaging to measure the regional cerebral blood volume (BV) and the changes of cerebral activation in the left prefrontal cortex of 12 Chinese dyslexic children and their 12 age-matched normal controls during the Paced Vis-ual Serial Addition Test (PVSAT).Results showed that the scores of PVSAT of dyslexic children were significantly lower than those of the normal children (t=3.33,P<0.01).The activations of the left pre-frontal cortex in the normal group were significantly greater than those of dyslexic children (all P<0.01).Our results indicated that Chinese dyslexia had a general deficiency in working memory and this may be caused by the abnormal metabolic activity of brain blood volume in the left prefrontal cortex and the deficits in brain function might be the basis of neuropathology of Chinese dyslexia.Present study sup-ports the difference on brain activation of dyslexics from different languages may be caused by the same cognitive system related to reading.展开更多
An experimental measurement was performed us- ing time-resolved particle image velocimetry （TRPIV） to in- vestigate the spatial topological character of coherent struc- tures in wall-bounded turbulence of polymer ad...An experimental measurement was performed us- ing time-resolved particle image velocimetry （TRPIV） to in- vestigate the spatial topological character of coherent struc- tures in wall-bounded turbulence of polymer additive solu- tion. The fully developed near-wall turbulent flow fields with and without polymer additives at the same Reynolds number were measured by TRPIV in a water channel. The compar- isons of turbulent statistics confirm that due to viscoelastic structure of long-chain polymers, the wall-normal velocity fluctuation and Reynolds shear stress in the near-wall region are suppressed significantly. Furthermore, it is noted that such a behavior of polymers is closely related to the decease of the motion of the second and forth quadrants, i.e., the ejection and sweep events, in the near-wall region. The spa- tial topological mode of coherent structures during bursts has been extracted by the new mu-level criteria based on locally averaged velocity structure function. Although the general shapes of coherent structures are unchanged by polymer additives, the fluctuating velocity, velocity gradient, velocity strain rate and vorticity of coherent structures during burst events are suppressed in the polymer additive solution com- pared with that in water. The results show that due to the polymer additives the occurrence and intensity of coherent structures are suppressed, leading to drag reduction.展开更多
Based on the idea of optimization design of pile type, the composite foundations, which include cememt-flyash-gaavel (for short CFG) long piles and cement-soil (for short CS) short piles, and CS piles with CFG core as...Based on the idea of optimization design of pile type, the composite foundations, which include cememt-flyash-gaavel (for short CFG) long piles and cement-soil (for short CS) short piles, and CS piles with CFG core as well, are formed. The method of the site dynamic characteristic tests of the composite foundations is discussed. The test results show that fireworks bomb may replace demolitions as the vibration resource. Vibration time is about 0.1 sec. Horizontal vibration major frequency is at 22.476 - 56.436 Hz, and vertical vibration major frequency is at 15.538 - 55.884 Hz. The pile arrangements of the composite foundation in the same site have more effect on the acceleration peak value. From the point of vibration, the anti-seismic effect of the CS piles with CFG core is better than others.展开更多
The lack of the early phase gelation property has limited the application of anhydrite as building material products. The use of additives, however, activates the anhydrite surfaces and results in the occurrence of ea...The lack of the early phase gelation property has limited the application of anhydrite as building material products. The use of additives, however, activates the anhydrite surfaces and results in the occurrence of early phase gelation. Under different surface modification conditions,the solubility of anhydrite in water has been measured and it has indicated a correlation between the anhydrite surface activity and its solubility in water. This relationship can be utilized to further study the anhydrite surface activation.展开更多
In this paper, a new Schwarz method called restricted additive Schwarz method （RAS） is presented and analyzed for a kind of nonlinear complementarity problem （NCP）. The method is proved to be convergent by using w...In this paper, a new Schwarz method called restricted additive Schwarz method （RAS） is presented and analyzed for a kind of nonlinear complementarity problem （NCP）. The method is proved to be convergent by using weighted maximum norm. Besides, the effect of overlap on RAS is also considered. Some preliminary numerical results are reported to compare the performance of RAS and other known methods for NCP.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30872132)
文摘The deficiency theories of dyslexia are quite contradictory and the cross-cultural studies in recent years mainly focused on whether the dyslexics among cultures shared the same cognitive profile or just based on the language.This study used Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) imaging to measure the regional cerebral blood volume (BV) and the changes of cerebral activation in the left prefrontal cortex of 12 Chinese dyslexic children and their 12 age-matched normal controls during the Paced Vis-ual Serial Addition Test (PVSAT).Results showed that the scores of PVSAT of dyslexic children were significantly lower than those of the normal children (t=3.33,P<0.01).The activations of the left pre-frontal cortex in the normal group were significantly greater than those of dyslexic children (all P<0.01).Our results indicated that Chinese dyslexia had a general deficiency in working memory and this may be caused by the abnormal metabolic activity of brain blood volume in the left prefrontal cortex and the deficits in brain function might be the basis of neuropathology of Chinese dyslexia.Present study sup-ports the difference on brain activation of dyslexics from different languages may be caused by the same cognitive system related to reading.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11272233)National Key Basic Research and Development Program(2012CB720101)2012 opening subjects of The State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics(LNM),Institute of Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘An experimental measurement was performed us- ing time-resolved particle image velocimetry （TRPIV） to in- vestigate the spatial topological character of coherent struc- tures in wall-bounded turbulence of polymer additive solu- tion. The fully developed near-wall turbulent flow fields with and without polymer additives at the same Reynolds number were measured by TRPIV in a water channel. The compar- isons of turbulent statistics confirm that due to viscoelastic structure of long-chain polymers, the wall-normal velocity fluctuation and Reynolds shear stress in the near-wall region are suppressed significantly. Furthermore, it is noted that such a behavior of polymers is closely related to the decease of the motion of the second and forth quadrants, i.e., the ejection and sweep events, in the near-wall region. The spa- tial topological mode of coherent structures during bursts has been extracted by the new mu-level criteria based on locally averaged velocity structure function. Although the general shapes of coherent structures are unchanged by polymer additives, the fluctuating velocity, velocity gradient, velocity strain rate and vorticity of coherent structures during burst events are suppressed in the polymer additive solution com- pared with that in water. The results show that due to the polymer additives the occurrence and intensity of coherent structures are suppressed, leading to drag reduction.
文摘Based on the idea of optimization design of pile type, the composite foundations, which include cememt-flyash-gaavel (for short CFG) long piles and cement-soil (for short CS) short piles, and CS piles with CFG core as well, are formed. The method of the site dynamic characteristic tests of the composite foundations is discussed. The test results show that fireworks bomb may replace demolitions as the vibration resource. Vibration time is about 0.1 sec. Horizontal vibration major frequency is at 22.476 - 56.436 Hz, and vertical vibration major frequency is at 15.538 - 55.884 Hz. The pile arrangements of the composite foundation in the same site have more effect on the acceleration peak value. From the point of vibration, the anti-seismic effect of the CS piles with CFG core is better than others.
文摘The lack of the early phase gelation property has limited the application of anhydrite as building material products. The use of additives, however, activates the anhydrite surfaces and results in the occurrence of early phase gelation. Under different surface modification conditions,the solubility of anhydrite in water has been measured and it has indicated a correlation between the anhydrite surface activity and its solubility in water. This relationship can be utilized to further study the anhydrite surface activation.
基金The authors would like to thank the anonymous referees for their valuable suggestions and comments, which improved the paper greatly. The work was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China （Grant No.S2012040007993） and Educational Commission of Guangdong Province, China （Grant No. 2012LYM_0122）, NNSF of China （Grand No.11126147）, NNSF of China （Grand No.11201197） and NNSF of China （Grand No.11271069）.
文摘In this paper, a new Schwarz method called restricted additive Schwarz method （RAS） is presented and analyzed for a kind of nonlinear complementarity problem （NCP）. The method is proved to be convergent by using weighted maximum norm. Besides, the effect of overlap on RAS is also considered. Some preliminary numerical results are reported to compare the performance of RAS and other known methods for NCP.
