The Research for Surface Properties of Steel Slag Powder and High-Temperature Rheological Properties of Asphalt Mortar

In order to evaluate the feasibility of steel slag powder as filler,the coating properties of steel slag and limestone aggregate were compared by water boiling test,the micro morphology difierences between steel slag powder and mineral powder(limestone powder)were compared by scanning electron microscope(SEM),and the high-temperature rheological properties of asphalt mortar with difierent ratio of filler quality to asphalt quality(F/A)and difierent substitution rates of mineral powder(S/F)were studied by dynamic shear rheological test.The results show that the surface microstructure of steel slag powder is more abundant than that of mineral powder,and the adhesion of steel slag to asphalt is better than that of limestone.At the same temperature,the lower the ratio of S/F is,the greater the rutting factor and complex modulus will be.In addition,the complex modulus and rutting factor of the asphalt mortar increase with the increase of F/A,and the filler type and F/A have a negligible efiect on the phase angle.

The Influence of Mesoscopic Characteristics of Mineral Powders Fillers on the Rutting Factor(G^(*)/sinδ)of Asphalt Mortar

This study aims to investigate the efiect of the mesoscopic characteristics of mineral powder fillers on the rutting resistance of asphalt mortar.Extraction and sieving tests were used to obtain the buton rock asphalt(BRA)ash with particle size smaller than 0.075 mm,which is consistent with that of the conventional mineral powder.The mesoscopic characteristics of BRA ash and conventional mineral powder were measured by SEM image analysis and the osmotic free pressure water method.Mesoscopic structure models of structural and free asphalts in mortar were obtained.The 70#matrix asphalt was used to prepare two kinds of asphalt mortar with BRA ash and conventional mineral powders fillers.The rutting factor of the two asphalt mortars was tested by dynamic shear test(DSR).Test results show that the ash extracted from BRA has a similar mesoscopic classification with the conventional mineral powder.Still,its fractal dimensions are larger,indicating the particles in BRA ash have more complex shapes and rougher surfaces,which is beneficial for forming structural asphalt and subsequently increasing the rutting factor(G*/sinδ),i e,improving the rutting resistance of the asphalt mortar.

Effects of Filler-Asphalt Ratio on the Properties of Lignin and Polyester Fiber Reinforced SMPU/SBS Modified Asphalt Mortar

To understand the effects offiller-asphalt ratio on different properties of lignin and polyesterfiber reinforced shape memory polyurethane(SMPU)/styrene butadiene styrene(SBS)composite modified asphalt mortar(PSAM),as well as to reveal the reinforcing and toughening mechanisms of lignin and polyesterfibers on PSAM,SMPU,SBS and mineral powder werefirst utilized to prepare PSAM.Then the conventional,rheological and anti-cracking properties of ligninfiber reinforced PSAM(LFAM)and polyesterfiber reinforced PSAM(PFAM)at dif-ferentfiller-asphalt ratios were characterized.Test results indicate that the shear strength,deformation resistance and viscosity are increased after adding 0.8wt%ligninfiber or polyesterfiber and increasing thefiller-asphalt ratio from 0.8 to 1.2.The optimalfiller-asphalt ratio of 1.0 is proposed after comprehensive performance assessments of PSAM.Polyesterfiber shows a better reinforcing effect than ligninfiber,but its improvement in the thermal stability of PSAM is not significant at high temperatures.Additionally,the complex modulus,storage modulus,loss modulus and rutting resistance factor of PSAM are improved after adding ligninfiber and polyesterfiber,as well as show an increasing trend as thefiller-asphalt ratio is raised,but the phase angle is gradually decreased.Further,the increase of elastic components in PSAM effectively enhances the anti-deformation ability of PSAM at high temperatures,and polyesterfiber more obviously improves the high-temperature deformation resistance of PSAM than ligninfiber.Finally,the anti-cracking performance of PFAM and LFAM at low temperatures is reduced by 74.2%and 46.7%,respectively,as thefiller-asphalt ratio is raised from 0.8 to 1.2.The low-temperature anti-cracking performance of LFAM is lower than that of PFAM at the samefiller-asphalt ratio,even lower than that of PSA.Compared with ligninfiber,the anti-cracking performance and deformation resistance of PSAM at low temperature is more greatly enhanced by polyester fiber.

Reinforcement effect of fiber and deoiled asphalt on high viscosity rubber/SBS modified asphalt mortar

In this paper we investigate the reinforcement mechanism of high viscosity rubber/SBS modified asphalt mortar mixed with fiber （mineral, lignin or carbon fiber） and deoiled asphalt （DOA）. The softening point, penetration and viscosity tests were conducted to characterize the engineering properties of asphalt-fiber mortar. The microstructure of fiber was observed using scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and the results indicated that fiber can effectively improve the toughness of asphalt matrix through forming a spatial network structure, and then adhesion and stabilization of asphalt binder. The cone penetration test was designed to study the rheological property of fiber modified asphalt. The results indicated that the reinforcement effect increased with fibers and DOA fraction increasing to a certain threshold, and the optimal fiber content was dependent on the fiber type and its length. Fiber content and filler-asphalt ratio had significant effects on the softening point, penetration, viscosity and cone penetration of asphalt mortar.

Compressive Strength Development and Microstructure of Cement-asphalt Mortar

The compressive strength developing process and the microstructure of cement-asphalt mortar （CA mortar） were investigated.The fluidity of CA mortar has a great influence on its strength.The optimum value of spread diameter of slump flow test is in the range of 300 to 400 mm.The compressive strength of CA mortar keeps a relatively high growth rate in 56 days and grows slowly afterwards.The residual water of hydration in CA mortar freezes under minus environmental temperature which can lead to a significant reduction of the strength of CA mortar.Increasing A/C retards asphalt emulsion splitting and thus prolongs the setting process of CA mortar.The hydration products of cement form the major structural framework of hardened CA mortar and asphalt is a weak phase in the framework but improves the viscoelastic behavior of CA mortar.Therefore,asphalt emulsion should be used as much as possible on the condition that essential performance criterions of CA mortar are satisfied.

Stabilizing and reinforcing effects of different fibers on asphalt mortar performance

Physical properties of different fibers （mineral, cellulose, or carbon fiber） and their stabilizing and reinforcing effects on asphalt mortar performance were studied. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the effect of fiber＇s microstructure on asphalt mortar＇s performance. Laboratory tests of mesh-basket draindown and oven heating were designed and performed to evaluate the fibers＇ asphalt absorption and thermostability. A cone penetration test was used to study the flow resistance of fiber-modified asphalt mortar. Results showed that fiber can form a three-dimensional network structure in asphalt, and this network can be retained at high temperature. This network of fibers favors the formation of a thick coating of mastic without asphalt draining down. Cellulose fiber possessed a greater effect on asphalt absorption and sta- bilization than did the other fibers （mineral and carbon fiber）. A dynamic shear rheometer was used to evaluate their rheological properties and rut resistance. Results indicated that fiber can effectively improve the rut and flow resistance of asphalt mortar. However, the bending beam rheometer results demonstrated that the addition of fiber had negative effects on the creep stiffness and creep rate of asphalt mortar.

Influence of filler-bitumen ratio on performance of modified asphalt mortar by additive

When the filler-bitumen ratio of asphalt mortar changes, its adhesion and viscoelasticity will also change, as well as its performance at the high and low temperatures, fatigue durability, and ductility. Thus, the appropriate fillerbitumen ratio directly affects the asphalt mortar＇s performance. This paper tested the physical indexes of the No. 70 matrix asphalt mortar modified by additive Sasobit （SB） and Sasowam （SW） through dynamic shear rheometer and bending beam rheometer under different temperature conditions, and comprehensively analyzed the high-temperature anti-rutting and fatigue performance, low-temperature crack resistance performance, and ductility of asphalt mortar. The results show that ore powder not only can increase the antirutting factor but also can increase the aging resistance of asphalt. SB has better performances than SW at high temperatures. As for the filler-bitumen ratio of asphalt mortar with additive SB, the recommended value is between 0.8 and 1.2, and the value may be a little larger for that with SW.

Effect of Functional Chemical Admixtures on the Performance of Cement Asphalt Mortar Used in Ballastless Track

Chemical admixtures are of paramount importance to the performance of modern cement based composites. In this paper, we performed a series of tests to investigate the effects of chemical admixtures on the cement asphalt mortar(CA mortar), i e, compressive strength, frost resistance, permeability, fatigue resistance, pore structure and microstructure. In particular, two types of chemical admixtures were tested, i e, defoamer(tributyl phosphate(TBP)) and polycarboxylate superplasticizer(PS). The results indicate that the addition of TBP and PS eliminates big bubbles and promotes small non-connected pores forming in matrix. Besides, an optimum dosage of TBP and PS may be determined with respect to the frost resistance, permeability and fatigue resistance of CA mortar. Further elaborative discussions are presented as well as experimental evidences from mercury intrusion porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy.

Influence of the Steel-making Dust on High Temperature and Fatigue Performance of Asphalt Mortars

To research the possibility of steel-making dust as a kind of mineral filler in asphalt mixture, two steel-making dusts and one ordinary mineral filler were adopted. The specific density, specific surface area, fineness modulus and mineralogy component of the dusts were tested. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was carried out to research the microstructure of the dusts; dynamic shear rheological(DSR) test and time sweep test were used to research the high temperature and fatigue performance of asphalt mortars containing steel-making dust. The experimental results indicate that, compared with ordinary mineral filler, steel-making dusts have more active ingredients, difference surface characteristics and micro-structure. Furthermore, the high temperature and fatigue performance of steel-making dusts corresponding asphalt mortars are superior to those of reference group. Therefore, the steel-making dust would be an alternative to the ordinary mineral filler to improve the performance of asphalt mortars and reduce the harm of the dusts to the environment at the same time.

Dynamic Mechanical Characterizations and Road Performances of Flame Retardant Asphalt Mortars and Concretes

To research the dynamic mechanical properties and road performances of flame retardant asphalt mortars and mixtures, four different asphalt mortars/mixtures were prepared: a reference group and three asphalt mortars/mixtures containing composite flame retardant materials(M-FRs) of different proportions. Temperature sweep, frequency sweep, repeated creep test, force ductility test and bending beam rheological test were carried out to research the dynamic mechanical properties of asphalt mortars containing M-FRs; wheeltracking test, low-temperature bending test and freeze-thaw split test were used to study the road performances of asphalt mixtures containing M-FRs. The results show that high-temperature performances of the three flame retardant asphalt mortars improve greatly, while low-temperature cracking resistances decline. Both hightemperature performances and water stabilities of asphalt mixtures containing M-FRs are quite good and exceed the specification requirements. However, their low-temperature performances decline in different degrees. In summary, besides their good flame retardancy, the flame retardant asphalt mortars and mixtures also exhibit acceptable road performance.

Influence of limestone fillers on combustion characteristics of asphalt mortar for pavements

Asphalt materials will be ignited and release significant toxic fumes within tunnel fires. Thus, combustion character- istics of asphalt materials used in road tunnel should be studied in order to limit such an adverse effect. In the present work we study the influence of limestone fillers on combustion characteristics of asphalt mortar by thermogravimetric and kinetic analysis. It is shown that the combustion of asphalt mortar is not just a linear superposition of asphalt and limestone. The limestone will increase the ignition point and the activation energy of the primary volatile release, and will catalyze the char formation from the primary volatile release. Kinetic analysis shows that the primary volatile release stage of asphalt mortar combustion can be explained by a three-dimensional diffusion model, the secondary volatile release and char combustion stage can be explained by a model under the assumption of random nucleation and nuclei growth, whereas the limestone decomposition stage appears to follow the one-dimensional phase boundary model.

牡蛎壳粉沥青胶浆路用性能研究

基于“双碳”背景下,以拓宽牡蛎壳绿色废物利用为途径,探索其用作沥青矿粉的可行性。通过制备牡蛎壳矿粉进行微观特性分析发现,与白云岩矿粉相比,牡蛎壳粉末颗粒更细,比表面积更大,表面更粗糙,密度更低,具有更优的黏结力。在此基础上进一步通过动态剪切流变、多重应力蠕变恢复和弯曲梁流变等试验对比了5种粉胶比条件下牡蛎壳粉沥青胶浆的路用性能,从而确定了最佳粉胶比掺量和施工温度。研究结果表明:与白云岩矿粉沥青胶浆相比,牡蛎壳粉沥青胶浆具有更优的高温抗车辙性能和力学稳定性,其低温性能虽略逊于白云岩矿粉沥青胶浆,但仍满足较好的低温抗裂性能要求。鉴于牡蛎壳粉具备良好的路用性能、经济性与环保性,其在路面新建及养护工程中具有较好的应用前景。

海鲜贝壳粉对沥青及其混合料路用性能的影响

目前海鲜贝壳类材料总量逐年增长,将其应用于沥青路面,可减少其堆积量。通过等体积替代矿粉,对比研究花甲壳粉、生蚝壳粉(粒径小于0.075 mm)对沥青及沥青混合料路用性能的影响规律。试验结果表明:海鲜贝壳粉替代矿粉应用于沥青路面工程是可行的,但由于化学组成不同,不同海鲜贝壳粉对沥青及沥青混合料性能的影响均存在差异。与矿粉相比,花甲壳粉、生蚝壳粉的掺入均会导致沥青胶浆的软化点升高、针入度降低,花甲壳粉沥青胶浆的温度敏感性明显高于生蚝壳粉沥青胶浆;生蚝壳粉沥青混合料的高温性能和水稳定性优于花甲壳粉沥青混合料,但低温性能较差。

基于弯沉斜率的CRTS-Ⅱ板CA砂浆层脱空长度评估方法

列车运动条件下CA砂浆层脱空病害的定量检测缺乏有效的评估指标,而基于轨道/车辆响应特征和轨道线形变化的检测方法以定性判断为主。为解决上述问题,采用弯沉斜率作为脱空长度病害的评估指标,开展多种条件下脱空长度的定量评估研究。首先,基于欧拉伯努利梁理论和Winkler模型,推导出轨道板弯沉斜率与变形速度之间的关系。建立车辆-轨道有限元动力学模型,设置多种不同的脱空长度。其次,研究列车以不同速度通过病害区域时,轨道板表面特定区域变形速度的分布情况,统计该过程中轨道板最大变形速度出现的位置与轮对中心的间距。再次,基于线性递减粒子群优化算法,求解最优的变形速度测量位置。最后,分析弯沉斜率的变化规律及其与脱空长度的关联。研究结果表明:弯沉斜率与脱空长度呈正相关,因此弯沉斜率不仅可以用于砂浆层脱空的识别,还可以用于脱空长度的定量评估;在不同的脱空工况下,变形速度的最优测量位置位于列车轮对中心前方2.4 m处,该位置对应的变形速度能更有效地反映出脱空产生的影响;在不同的速度条件下,弯沉斜率的平均绝对百分比误差的平均值为13.7%,对应位置变形速度的平均绝对百分比误差的平均值为112.93%;揭示了不同脱空工况条件下弯沉斜率的变化规律,给出了7种脱空条件下弯沉斜率变化的参考范围。

养生条件对掺粉煤灰水泥乳化沥青砂浆收缩及黏弹性能的影响

水泥乳化沥青砂浆(CA砂浆)性能易受到养生环境和原材料组成的影响,通过设置的5组养生条件和3种配合比进行CA砂浆收缩率和动态黏弹性能的测试,并采用扫描电镜观察其微观形貌。结果表明:掺加粉煤灰会适当增大CA砂浆的膨胀率,不同养生湿度下砂浆体积变化趋势不同,增大沥灰比、升高养生温度均可改善CA砂浆的体积稳定性;掺粉煤灰CA砂浆的储能模量和损耗模量均随养生温度升高而增大,表现为砂浆刚度提高,变形时内部摩擦力做功增加;掺加粉煤灰能够改善CA砂浆的黏弹性能,其低温抗开裂性、高温抵抗变形能力均有所增强;20℃干养下粉煤灰CA砂浆黏弹性能最优;综合收缩性能和黏弹性能,20℃干养下沥灰比为1.4的粉煤灰CA砂浆性能较优。微观形貌观察的结果显示掺加粉煤灰后CA砂浆沥青膜增厚、孔隙率降低、结构更加致密,这是掺加粉煤灰CA砂浆体积稳定性和黏弹性得以改善的主要原因。

基于直接拉伸试验的沥青胶浆低温性能研究

文中设计直接拉伸试验对拉伸曲线进行形态分析,并提出延伸量、拉伸柔量、残余延伸量比,以及黏韧性等评价指标.通过灌浆成型制备沥青混合料基于展小梁弯曲试验评价其低温变形性能.在此基础上,通过胶浆低温性能指标与混合料最大弯拉应变相关性分析验证基于直接拉伸试验的胶浆低温性能指标的合理性.结果表明:粉胶比对沥青胶浆的低温变形性能有显著影响,粉胶比越大胶浆的脆性特征越明显,其低温性能越差;为保证胶浆的低温变形性能,建议粉胶比不大于1.5;基于直接拉伸试验得到的胶浆低温性能评价指标随粉胶比变化的趋势不受沥青类型的影响,用于评价胶浆低温性能合理可行;相关性分析表明0℃条件下的延伸量、黏韧性,以及韧性比是胶浆低温性能评价的最佳指标.

沥青胶浆黏度的影响因素试验及其RF-BAS预测模型研究

文中制备三种沥青、五个粉胶比的沥青胶浆,开展135、145、155、165、175、185℃的旋转黏度试验.通过试验研究、对比分析,以及数学拟合等方法研究沥青类型、粉胶比和温度对试验结果的影响规律.将试验结果中的沥青类型用针入度进行量化,得到用于预测沥青胶浆黏度的数据库,并通过沥青胶浆的预测值和实际值的拟合效果及数据集的均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)和相关系数(correlation coefficient,R)验证天牛须搜索算法(beetle antennae search,BAS)和随机森林(random forest,RF)混合机器学习模型预测沥青胶浆黏度的准确性.结果表明:沥青类型显著影响胶浆的黏度;增大粉胶比可提高胶浆的黏度;粉胶比不影响胶浆黏度的温度敏感性,胶浆的黏度与温度的关系均可用半对数线性函数拟合;BAS和RF混合机器学习模型对胶浆黏度的预测准确性较高.

融雪盐对蓄盐沥青胶浆高温性能的影响

为探究融雪盐对蓄盐沥青胶浆高温性能的影响,通过针入度、软化点和黏度等常规试验,以及温度扫描、多重应力蠕变与恢复等流变试验对SBS组沥青胶浆和HEA组沥青胶浆的高温性能进行了表征。结果表明,与SBS组相比,HEA组沥青胶浆的针入度更低,软化点和黏度更高。融雪盐掺量越多,沥青胶浆的针入度提高、软化点和黏度降低。沥青胶浆中结构沥青含量可能是导致这一结果的重要因素。沥青胶浆的复数模量和车辙因子随融雪盐掺量的增加而降低,但融雪盐对沥青胶浆的相位角影响较为复杂。沥青胶浆的蠕变能力随融雪盐掺量增加而增加,但高弹聚合物可显着降低蠕变性能。HEA100的抵抗蠕变性能甚至高于SBS00,由此高弹聚合物可弥补融雪盐对沥青胶浆高温性能的负面影响。综上,融雪盐虽然增加了沥青路面融冰雪的潜力,但也降低了沥青胶浆的高温抗车辙能力。蓄盐路面材料可与高弹聚合物结合使用,以减少融雪盐对沥青胶浆高温性能带来的负面影响。

钢渣磨细粉对沥青胶浆及混合料性能的影响

为探究钢渣磨细粉(SSFP)对沥青胶浆及其混合料性能的影响,使用粒径小于5 mm的钢渣制备SSFP。以石灰岩矿粉(LP)作为对照,对不同粉胶比(F/A)下SSFP沥青胶浆的性能进行了分析和评价,并探究了SSFP对沥青混合料性能的影响。结果表明:相较于LP,SSFP对沥青胶浆及混合料的高、低温及疲劳性能均有所提升,其中低温性能提升幅度最大,SSFP沥青胶浆的蠕变劲度模量提升了190.57%,SSFP沥青混合料的低温弯曲破坏应变提升了9.93%;增大F/A可提升沥青胶浆的高温性能,但会损伤其疲劳性能和低温性能;SSFP应用于沥青混合料中具备较强的可行性和推广价值。

水泥乳化沥青砂浆微观结构演变规律研究

通过EDS、SEM、NMR等试验方法,从微观形貌、水化产物、元素分布、孔隙特征等多角度对多模态数据进行深度融合分析,定性与定量地研究了水泥乳化沥青(CA)砂浆微观结构随沥灰比(A/C)和龄期的演变规律。结果表明,随着A/C增大,CA砂浆由以水泥水化产物为连续相、沥青为分散相的空间结构,转变为以沥青为连续相、水泥水化产物为分散相的疏松多孔空间结构。水泥颗粒和水化产物被沥青裹覆,严重影响了孔隙结构的发育,总孔隙率、最可几孔径逐渐增大,凝胶孔、过渡孔数量减少,大孔数量增多。随着龄期增加,水泥水化产物增多,原本较大的孔隙被分隔为较小孔隙,总孔隙率降低,大孔及毛细孔数量减少,凝胶孔及过渡孔增多,孔隙结构逐渐密实。