The bauxites in central Guizhou are hosted by the Lower Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation.Geochemistrial characteristics of the Lindai bauxite deposit indicate that the underlying Shilengshui Formation dolomite is the ...The bauxites in central Guizhou are hosted by the Lower Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation.Geochemistrial characteristics of the Lindai bauxite deposit indicate that the underlying Shilengshui Formation dolomite is the precursor rock of mineral resources.Weathering simulation experiments show that Si is most likely to migrate with groundwater,the migration rate of which is several magnitude higher than Al and Fe under nature conditions （pH=3-9）.The neutral and acid nonreducing condition is the most conducive to the Al rich and Si removal,while the acid reducing conditions is the most conducive to the Al rich and Fe removal.In the process of bauxite formation,coal beds overlying the Al-bearing rock series or other rock formation rich in organic materials can produce acid reducing groundwater,which are important for the bauxite formation.Finally,propose the metallogenic model of the bauxite in central Guizhou Province and put forward three new words which are ＂original bauxite material＂,＂bauxite material＂ and ＂original bauxite＂.展开更多
The Spodoptera litura occurrence quantity in Tianlong Town,Pingba County,Anshun City was dynamically monitored by an insect sex pheromone electronic measurement and forecast system in 2015 and 2016 and the trapped eff...The Spodoptera litura occurrence quantity in Tianlong Town,Pingba County,Anshun City was dynamically monitored by an insect sex pheromone electronic measurement and forecast system in 2015 and 2016 and the trapped effect of S. litura was studied by the home-made S. litura sex pheromone traps in Baishiyan Town,Ziyun County and Tianlong Town,Pingba County in 2016 to accurately grasp the occurrence regularity of S. litura and apply insect sex pheromone for controlling S. litura in Central Guizhou tobacco-growing region. There are 5 generations of S. litura in a year in Central Guizhou region. The first generation of S.litura occurs from late April to middle May,the second from middle-to-late July to middle-to-late August,the third from early-to-middle August to the end of September,the fourth is in the end of October and the fifth in the end of November. S. litura emigrates or enters into the overwintering stage in December. S. litura is almost in active in the daytime during the peak occurrence period of S. litura adults. The first mating time of S. litura is at 17: 30 and its peak mating time is about 22: 00. The second mating time of S. litura is at 1: 00-5: 00 and its peak mating time is about 2: 30. The trapped S. litura quantity presents an obvious layer-belt distribution that the number in the outer ring is significantly higher than that in the middle ring,and the number in the middle ring is significantly higher than that in the inner ring. The number of trapped S. litura is higher around the outer ring of the testing field and at the draught position than in the low-lying land and inner flat ground.展开更多
The Central Guizhou and Yichang Uplifts are present in central Guizhou to western Hubei. Biostrati-graphic evidences from more than 20 sections in 14 counties of this region provide the data about the duration of thes...The Central Guizhou and Yichang Uplifts are present in central Guizhou to western Hubei. Biostrati-graphic evidences from more than 20 sections in 14 counties of this region provide the data about the duration of these uplifts. Although this duration differs from locality to locality, it is mainly from Ashgillian to Rhuddanian. The uplifts result from a horizontally driven movement to the South China Paleoplate from an uncertain block in southeast. Global sea-level drop during the end of the Ordovician made the uplifts obvious, particularly the Central Guizhou Uplift.It might have emerged above sea level in the short interval between the Ordovician and Silurian.展开更多
A better understanding of the variation of 210Pb concentrations in the surface air is the key to trace lake sedimentation and catchment erosion, to establish and vali-date the global diffusion model of contaminants, a...A better understanding of the variation of 210Pb concentrations in the surface air is the key to trace lake sedimentation and catchment erosion, to establish and vali-date the global diffusion model of contaminants, and to as-sess the impact of natural radiation on the ecological system. Basing on the study progresses of the sedimentation, the at-mospheric model and the unique environmental background in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, and starting from December 20, 2001, we made use of a 500 NE Type aerosol sampler to collect filter samples, once a week in the past consecutive two years, in the surface air at Mt. Guanfeng, Guiyang City, China. Synchronous detailed γ -energy spectrometric obser-vations of 210Pb concentrations at both Chinese and U.S. laboratories have shown that the average monthly 210Pb concentration displays a regular U-patterns distribution of annual variations, with high values appearing in winter and low values in late spring and summer. The average annual 210Pb concentrations are estimated to be 2.77±0.63 mBq/m3, about 4 times the average maximum concentrations reported from quite a number of monitoring stations throughout the world. The possible factors affecting the sources of 210Pb in the surface air in the central part of Guizhou Province are: Release of 222Rn from the U-Ra series enriched in the soils; chemical weathering of carbonate rocks; the exploitation, processing and utilization of coal and phosphorous resources. The principal factor controlling the high 210Pb concentrations in the surface air in the central Guizhou and their annual U-pattern distribution is the release of 222Rn. The average monthly 210Pb concentrations show a good negative power- function relationship with increasing precipitation and also show a good negative linear-function relationship with the rise of air temperature in month grouping. Group No.1 (June to November) reflects a relatively low release of 222Rn from soils in relatively high temperature seasons; Group No.2 (December to May) mirrors a relatively high release of 222Rn from soils in relatively low temperature seasons. The average monthly 210Pb concentrations simulated in terms of the pre-cipitation and air temperature are in good consistency with the measured values, revealing that the regular U-pattern distribution characteristics of 210Pb concentrations in the surface air in the central Guizhou are controlled predomi-nantly by regional precipitation and air temperature. Meanwhile, it is also indicated that the magnitude of varia-tion of air temperature and precipitation within the same year also constrains the ratio of high values over low values of average monthly 210Pb concentrations. On a month time scale, precipitation and air temperature are a main factor affecting the release of 222Rn from soils (rocks). In this aspect strong evidence has been obtained.展开更多
It is necessary to understand the aquatic chemical characteristics of natural surfacefresh water for water quality assessment. The chemical data from different kinds of water inthe central Guizhou karst area showed th...It is necessary to understand the aquatic chemical characteristics of natural surfacefresh water for water quality assessment. The chemical data from different kinds of water inthe central Guizhou karst area showed that spring water from carbonate rock cracks (crack-water) is of neutrality or meta-alkalinity and [C] Ca Ⅱ type. The amounts of all ions and theconcentrations of HCO3 and Ca2+ were higher in the autumn than in the spring. the crack-water was influenced by the infiltration of surface water in the process of erosion and/or transportation with decreasing HCO3- and increasing PH, SO, Cl, K+ and Na+ during runningin a certain distance on the land suffice. In particular, the chemical compeitions of the watersat Tianxingqiao (upper-stream), Shuiliandong (mid-waterfall) and Luoshuitan (down-pool)near the Huangguoshu Waterfall were much different from those of the crack-water. The concentrations of , Na+, Fe3+ and NO3- varied closely with seasons. The CaCO3 depositedviolently with CO2 release in the spring. In Lake Hongfeng the HCO3- /So- equivalent ratioswere only 2. 1 - 2. 4, but Ca2 + /Md+ up tO 2. 4 - 4. 2. The CI- concentration increased by afactor Of 1 and Na+ by order of magnitude relative to the spring water. These indicated the in-crease in artificial pollutant discharge in the Lake Hongfeng watershed. In addition, porewater in the soils coveing carbonate rocks belongs to strongly mineralized water. The obvious differences in water quality were controlled by carbonate despition, sulphate mineralization and nitrogen fixation as well as ammonification. It is indicated that the chemical compeitions in thewaters from the karst region were unstable and changeable.展开更多
[目的]研究喀斯特城市群城镇化背景下的生态系统服务价值(Ecosystem service value,ESV)演变及影响因素,为区域生态环境保护、生态功能区划和生态补偿决策提供科学依据。[方法]基于黔中城市群2000—2020年土地利用数据,从自然和社会经...[目的]研究喀斯特城市群城镇化背景下的生态系统服务价值(Ecosystem service value,ESV)演变及影响因素,为区域生态环境保护、生态功能区划和生态补偿决策提供科学依据。[方法]基于黔中城市群2000—2020年土地利用数据,从自然和社会经济角度选取16个土地利用变化驱动因子,构建Markov-FLUS模型模拟自然发展和生态约束情景下的2030年土地利用格局,然后采用修正的ESV系数评估ESV时空演变规律,利用地理探测器分析ESV空间分异影响因素。[结果](1) 2000—2020年人造地表对耕地(53%)、林地(12%)和草地(10%)侵占严重;生态约束情景下重要自然保护区得到有效保护,人造地表增加5.55万hm^(2),增速有所放缓。(2) ESV整体呈现先升后降的趋势,其中调节服务(71.08%)>支持服务(23.59%)>文化服务(4.51%)>供给服务(0.82%);自然发展情景下2030年ESV值为592.11亿元,生态约束情景下ESV值为589.06亿元。(3) ESV空间分异因子解释力分别为区县面积(0.79)>农林牧渔增加值(0.51)>第一产业增加值(0.50)>GDP(0.41)>人均GDP(0.30)>建成区面积(0.09)>常住人口(0.04),区县面积、农林牧渔增加值和第一产业增加值与ESV呈显著正相关,人均GDP与ESV呈显著负相关关系,影响因素的交互对于ESV具有非线性增强和双因子增强的解释作用。[结论]区域生态系统服务类型主要为调节服务,水域与林地生态系统对于整体ESV的影响较大,是区域环境保护与生态建设的重心。展开更多
基金granted by the fund of State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry (SKLODG-ZY125-01)the Major Project of Chinese National Programs for Fundamental Research and Development (973 Program)(No. 2014CB440906 and 2012CB416602)
文摘The bauxites in central Guizhou are hosted by the Lower Carboniferous Jiujialu Formation.Geochemistrial characteristics of the Lindai bauxite deposit indicate that the underlying Shilengshui Formation dolomite is the precursor rock of mineral resources.Weathering simulation experiments show that Si is most likely to migrate with groundwater,the migration rate of which is several magnitude higher than Al and Fe under nature conditions （pH=3-9）.The neutral and acid nonreducing condition is the most conducive to the Al rich and Si removal,while the acid reducing conditions is the most conducive to the Al rich and Fe removal.In the process of bauxite formation,coal beds overlying the Al-bearing rock series or other rock formation rich in organic materials can produce acid reducing groundwater,which are important for the bauxite formation.Finally,propose the metallogenic model of the bauxite in central Guizhou Province and put forward three new words which are ＂original bauxite material＂,＂bauxite material＂ and ＂original bauxite＂.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Project of Guizhou Tobacco Company,China(201510)
文摘The Spodoptera litura occurrence quantity in Tianlong Town,Pingba County,Anshun City was dynamically monitored by an insect sex pheromone electronic measurement and forecast system in 2015 and 2016 and the trapped effect of S. litura was studied by the home-made S. litura sex pheromone traps in Baishiyan Town,Ziyun County and Tianlong Town,Pingba County in 2016 to accurately grasp the occurrence regularity of S. litura and apply insect sex pheromone for controlling S. litura in Central Guizhou tobacco-growing region. There are 5 generations of S. litura in a year in Central Guizhou region. The first generation of S.litura occurs from late April to middle May,the second from middle-to-late July to middle-to-late August,the third from early-to-middle August to the end of September,the fourth is in the end of October and the fifth in the end of November. S. litura emigrates or enters into the overwintering stage in December. S. litura is almost in active in the daytime during the peak occurrence period of S. litura adults. The first mating time of S. litura is at 17: 30 and its peak mating time is about 22: 00. The second mating time of S. litura is at 1: 00-5: 00 and its peak mating time is about 2: 30. The trapped S. litura quantity presents an obvious layer-belt distribution that the number in the outer ring is significantly higher than that in the middle ring,and the number in the middle ring is significantly higher than that in the inner ring. The number of trapped S. litura is higher around the outer ring of the testing field and at the draught position than in the low-lying land and inner flat ground.
基金This work was supported by the State Major Basic Research Project, MST, China (Grant No. G2000077700).
文摘The Central Guizhou and Yichang Uplifts are present in central Guizhou to western Hubei. Biostrati-graphic evidences from more than 20 sections in 14 counties of this region provide the data about the duration of these uplifts. Although this duration differs from locality to locality, it is mainly from Ashgillian to Rhuddanian. The uplifts result from a horizontally driven movement to the South China Paleoplate from an uncertain block in southeast. Global sea-level drop during the end of the Ordovician made the uplifts obvious, particularly the Central Guizhou Uplift.It might have emerged above sea level in the short interval between the Ordovician and Silurian.
基金This work was supported by the National N atural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40373038)the National Key Project for Basic Research(Grant No.2002CB4 12300).
文摘A better understanding of the variation of 210Pb concentrations in the surface air is the key to trace lake sedimentation and catchment erosion, to establish and vali-date the global diffusion model of contaminants, and to as-sess the impact of natural radiation on the ecological system. Basing on the study progresses of the sedimentation, the at-mospheric model and the unique environmental background in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, and starting from December 20, 2001, we made use of a 500 NE Type aerosol sampler to collect filter samples, once a week in the past consecutive two years, in the surface air at Mt. Guanfeng, Guiyang City, China. Synchronous detailed γ -energy spectrometric obser-vations of 210Pb concentrations at both Chinese and U.S. laboratories have shown that the average monthly 210Pb concentration displays a regular U-patterns distribution of annual variations, with high values appearing in winter and low values in late spring and summer. The average annual 210Pb concentrations are estimated to be 2.77±0.63 mBq/m3, about 4 times the average maximum concentrations reported from quite a number of monitoring stations throughout the world. The possible factors affecting the sources of 210Pb in the surface air in the central part of Guizhou Province are: Release of 222Rn from the U-Ra series enriched in the soils; chemical weathering of carbonate rocks; the exploitation, processing and utilization of coal and phosphorous resources. The principal factor controlling the high 210Pb concentrations in the surface air in the central Guizhou and their annual U-pattern distribution is the release of 222Rn. The average monthly 210Pb concentrations show a good negative power- function relationship with increasing precipitation and also show a good negative linear-function relationship with the rise of air temperature in month grouping. Group No.1 (June to November) reflects a relatively low release of 222Rn from soils in relatively high temperature seasons; Group No.2 (December to May) mirrors a relatively high release of 222Rn from soils in relatively low temperature seasons. The average monthly 210Pb concentrations simulated in terms of the pre-cipitation and air temperature are in good consistency with the measured values, revealing that the regular U-pattern distribution characteristics of 210Pb concentrations in the surface air in the central Guizhou are controlled predomi-nantly by regional precipitation and air temperature. Meanwhile, it is also indicated that the magnitude of varia-tion of air temperature and precipitation within the same year also constrains the ratio of high values over low values of average monthly 210Pb concentrations. On a month time scale, precipitation and air temperature are a main factor affecting the release of 222Rn from soils (rocks). In this aspect strong evidence has been obtained.
文摘It is necessary to understand the aquatic chemical characteristics of natural surfacefresh water for water quality assessment. The chemical data from different kinds of water inthe central Guizhou karst area showed that spring water from carbonate rock cracks (crack-water) is of neutrality or meta-alkalinity and [C] Ca Ⅱ type. The amounts of all ions and theconcentrations of HCO3 and Ca2+ were higher in the autumn than in the spring. the crack-water was influenced by the infiltration of surface water in the process of erosion and/or transportation with decreasing HCO3- and increasing PH, SO, Cl, K+ and Na+ during runningin a certain distance on the land suffice. In particular, the chemical compeitions of the watersat Tianxingqiao (upper-stream), Shuiliandong (mid-waterfall) and Luoshuitan (down-pool)near the Huangguoshu Waterfall were much different from those of the crack-water. The concentrations of , Na+, Fe3+ and NO3- varied closely with seasons. The CaCO3 depositedviolently with CO2 release in the spring. In Lake Hongfeng the HCO3- /So- equivalent ratioswere only 2. 1 - 2. 4, but Ca2 + /Md+ up tO 2. 4 - 4. 2. The CI- concentration increased by afactor Of 1 and Na+ by order of magnitude relative to the spring water. These indicated the in-crease in artificial pollutant discharge in the Lake Hongfeng watershed. In addition, porewater in the soils coveing carbonate rocks belongs to strongly mineralized water. The obvious differences in water quality were controlled by carbonate despition, sulphate mineralization and nitrogen fixation as well as ammonification. It is indicated that the chemical compeitions in thewaters from the karst region were unstable and changeable.
