Efficacy of High-efficiency Formula Pesticides for Controlling Sesamia inferens Walker and Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner

[Objectives]This study was conducted to screen high-efficiency formula pesticides and precise and efficient application techniques for the prevention and control of Sesamia inferens Walker and Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner.[Methods]Field efficacy trials were conducted using different combinations of 70%directed enhanced thiamethoxam seed treatment dispersible powder and 46%monosultap·Bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder.[Results]70%directed enhanced thiamethoxam ZF 450 g/hm^(2)+46%monosultap·B.thuringiensis WP 2250 g/hm^(2)had good control effects on both S.inferens and C.lanigera,so it was an ideal high-efficiency formula pesticide for controlling sugarcane S.inferens and C.lanigera.From January to May,combining with new plant or perennial root cultivation management,70%directed enhanced thiamethoxam ZF 450 g/hm^(2)can be evenly spread on sugarcane ditches and sugarcane stumps after being well mixed with fertilizers applied per hectare,and covered with soil in a timely manner,and during the peak incubation period of the first and second generation of S.inferens eggs from March to May,46%monosultap·B.thuringiensis WP 2250 g/hm^(2)was sprayed to the leaf surface in the mixture with water 675 kg with an electric backpack or a motorized sprayer.In such a way,the control efficacy on dead heart seedlings could reach over 89.8%,and that on C.lanigera could reach 100%.Meanwhile,it could effectively and concurrently control thrips,and the increases in yield and sugar content could reach 29310 kg/hm^(2)and 5.9 percentage points,respectively.[Conclusions]The promotion and application of the formula pesticide could achieve precise application and control of sugarcane pests,and improvement of sugarcane quality and planting efficiency,and help promote green prevention and control of sugarcane diseases and pests and the sustained high-quality development of the sugar industry.

Chemical Control of Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner with Multi-rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

[Objective] The paper was to explore chemical control of Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner with multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle. [Method] According to the outbreak characteristics of C. lanigera,multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle was applied for flying control test. Referred to the spraying characteristics of multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle,two kinds of microcapsule pesticides,ALV-1501 and ALV-1502,and two kinds of spraying additives,SPA-01 and SPA-02,were designed to control C. lanigera. [Result] The control effect of ALV-1501 at the dose of 2. 25 L/hm;was 60. 02% at 1 d post administration and 54. 14%at 5 d post administration; the control effects of ALV-1502 at the dose of 2. 1 L/hm2 were 76. 35% and 81. 35% at 1 and 5 d post administration,respectively.Compared to individual pesticide,the control effects of ALV-1501 were improved 1. 42-1. 47 times and 1. 16-1. 14 times by adding 0. 6 L/hm;SPA-01 and SPA-02 in pesticide liquid,respectively. The control effects of ALV-1502 were improved 1. 23-1. 25 times and 1. 15-1. 16 times by adding 0. 6 L/hm2 SPA-01 and SPA-02,respectively. The control effects against C. lanigera at three flying speeds of 3,5 and 8 m/s were 99. 72%-99. 97%,81. 6%-99. 81% and63. 52%-68. 77%,respectively. [Conclusion]The results will provide a reference for application of multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle in prevention and control of C. lanigera in sugarcane field.

Indoor Toxicity Determination of Several Pesticides to Ceratovacuna lanigera( Zehntner)

Toxicity of 96% chlorpyrifos TC, 98% imidacloprid TC, 93% thiamethoxam TC and mixed pesticides of chlorpyrifos with other two agents （D ＋ B, D ＋ S） to C. lanigera （Zehntner） were determined under laboratory conditions by leaf dipping method. The results showed that all of the pesticides had high toxicity with the order of thiamethoxam TC 〉 imidacloprid TC 〉 D ＋ B 〉 chlorpyrifos TC 〉 D ＋ S. The results provided theoretic basis for selecting suitable insecti- cides to control the C. lanigera （Zehntner）.

贵州省甘蔗园主要害虫种类调查及防治药剂筛选

为掌握贵州甘蔗害虫种类及发生规律,采用五点取样法和＂Z＂字型取样法对贵州省甘蔗园害虫种类进行系统调查,并结合调查结果,以甘蔗绵蚜和条螟为对象,使用2%吡虫啉颗粒剂、3%克百威颗粒剂、90%杀虫单可湿性粉剂作为对照药剂,研究0.5%吡虫啉·杀虫单缓释粒剂对甘蔗绵蚜和条螟的田间防效及对甘蔗产量的影响。结果表明,贵州省甘蔗产区主要害虫有7种,其中甘蔗绵蚜和条螟为蔗区害虫优势种群;0.5%吡虫啉·杀虫单缓释粒剂防治甘蔗绵蚜药后60 d的防效为79.09%~91.80%,防治甘蔗条螟药后70 d的防效为71.52%~83.04%,能提高甘蔗产量7.1%~14.4%;生产上推荐使用2.25~4.5 kg/hm^2。

甘蔗绵蚜综合防治研究进展

甘蔗是重要的经济作物和糖料作物,甘蔗绵蚜是甘蔗生产上最严重的害虫之一。在明确绵蚜为害规律、生物生态学特性以及影响因素的基础上,总结了各种防治措施的应用概况及其发展前景,为绵蚜的综合管理提供新思维。

几种杀虫剂对甘蔗绵蚜的室内毒力测定

在室内用药液浸渍法进行了96%毒死蜱TC、98%吡虫啉TC、98%噻虫嗪TC及毒死蜱与其他两种药剂的混配制剂(D+B、D+S)对甘蔗绵蚜的毒力测定。结果表明:所选药剂对甘蔗绵蚜均具有较高的毒力,其毒力由高到底的排序为噻虫嗪>吡虫啉>D+B>毒死蜱>D+S。测定结果可为合理选择防治甘蔗绵蚜的农药提供理论依据。

甘蔗玉米间作对甘蔗绵蚜及瓢虫种群的影响作用

2009年4-8月,在云南省新平县水塘镇南秀村和德宏州陇川县章凤镇小怕浪村甘蔗种植基地,调查分析了甘蔗玉米间作对甘蔗绵蚜Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner及捕食性瓢虫种群的影响。结果表明,甘蔗净种田与间作田绵蚜的虫情指数变化趋势一致,但净种田绵蚜虫情指数显著高于间作田（新平：F=55.43,P〈0.01;陇川：F=57.11,P〈0.01）。净种田与间作田瓢虫虫口密度变化趋势一致,均呈单峰型变化。其中间作田瓢虫虫口密度显著高于净种田（新平：F=21.42,P〈0.01;陇川：F=69.55,P〈0.01）,表明间作田中捕食性瓢虫在甘蔗绵蚜种群控制中发挥着重要的作用。

册亨县甘蔗田间昆虫群落调查

[目的]探明甘蔗田间昆虫群落结构、各种昆虫在群落中的地位、重要种的消长情况和天敌的抑制作用。[方法]对册亨县不同海拔高度甘蔗田间昆虫群落进行了系统调查。[结果]昆虫种类分别属于12个目24个科,其中以鞘翅目种类最多,其次是半翅目和鳞翅目。害虫优势种主要是甘蔗绵蚜[Ceratovacuna lanigera(Zehntner)];天敌优势种主要有大突肩瓢虫[Synonycha grandis(Thunberg)]、黄斑盘瓢虫(Coelophora saucia Mulsant)和黑方突毛瓢虫[Pseudoscymnus kurohime(Miyatake)]3种。不同海拔的甘蔗田间昆虫群落有差异。[结论]研究结果为甘蔗虫害的综合治理提供了理论依据。

40%福亮悬浮剂及30%度锐悬浮剂防治甘蔗绵蚜田间药效试验

为探讨40%福亮悬浮剂、30%度锐悬浮剂对甘蔗绵蚜的防治效果及最佳施用方法,作者于2017年在西双版纳州勐海县进行了田间药效评价试验。试验结果表明:福亮、度锐对绵蚜防效优异,施药后123天,防效均在98.81%及以上,不同施药方法之间无显著差异。施药后189天,福亮拌种茎防效略差,福亮450 mL/hm^2的防效为85.76%,福亮750 mL/hm^2的防效为86.11%。福亮、度锐拌沙和拌肥的防效均在91.67%以上。综上,将福亮、度锐拌沙或拌肥,施用剂量为750 mL/hm^2,对甘蔗绵蚜防效最佳。

植保无人机喷施5种杀虫剂防治甘蔗绵蚜效果评价

为明确利用植保无人机喷施杀虫剂对甘蔗绵蚜的防治效果并筛选出合适的药剂。文章开展了植保无人机喷施5种不同杀虫剂防治甘蔗绵蚜的田间试验。结果表明:植保无人机喷施5种杀虫剂防治甘蔗绵蚜虫均有显著防治效果,其中77.5%敌敌畏乳油1500mL/hm^2和45%毒死蜱乳油1500mL/hm2药后1d即达到100%的防效;30%氯虫·噻虫嗪悬浮剂750mL/hm^2和70%啶虫脒水分散粒剂750g/hm^2药后7d防效达95%以上,药后14d防效达到100%;40%乐果乳油1500mL/hm^2药后7d的防效为90.2%,药后14d防效达到98.8%。本研究表明这5种药剂均可作为植保无人机喷施防治甘蔗绵蚜的药剂,在生产上建议注意药剂的轮换使用以减缓害虫抗药性的产生。