Stroke (Cerebrovascular Accident): Epidemiological, Clinical and Evolving Aspects in the Internal Medicine Department of the Public Health Establishment 1 (EPS1) of Tivaouane

Introduction: The frequency, severity, cost of treatment, morbidity and mortality of stroke make it a real public health problem. In industrialized countries, strokes are the leading cause of physical disability in adults, the second leading cause of dementia (after Alzheimer’s disease), and the third leading cause of death (after cancer and cardiovascular disease). It’s also a major cause of depression. The objective of our study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary aspects of stroke in the internal medicine department of Tivaouane Hospital. Material and Method: This is a retrospective study carried out from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018 on the files of patients hospitalized for stroke in the medical department of the EPS1 in Tivaouane. We took into account all the patients who had a brain CT (computed tomography) scan. We collected data related to socio-demographic characteristics, history, risk factors, reasons for admission, clinical signs, paraclinical examinations, as well as evolution. Results: Out of 1999 patients, 206 files of patients with stroke were collected, i.e. a proportion of 10.3%. Our study population had a mean age of 65.53 years [16 - 97 years]. We noted a clear predominance of women (50.5%). The majority of the population came from the outskirts of Tivaouane (56.7%). Risk factors for stroke were dominated by hypertension (90.3%), dyslipidemia (19.4%), previous stroke (18.9%), and diabetes (16%). The clinical signs were dominated by a motor deficit (94.1%), speech disorders (67.4%) and consciousness disorders (47%). Ischemic strokes were predominant (65%) over hemorrhagic strokes (34.5%). The outcome was generally unfavorable with 14.6% total recovery, 58.7% recovery with sequelae and a case fatality of 26.7%. Conclusion: It emerges from this study that strokes still remain a real public health problem. Knowledge of populations of risk factors as well as their proper management is fundamental in primary prevention strategies, the only guarantee for a reduction in the still very high morbidity and mortality of this disease.

Medical Direct Cost of Hospital Admission for Cerebrovascular Accident on Medical Recovery at the Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lomé

Objectives: Appreciate the Medical direct cost for cerebrovascular accident on medical recovery at the Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lomé. Patients and method: This was a prospective and cross study that took place from 01st October 2015 to 31st July 2016 in the medical recovery Unit of Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lomé. Results: Of the 91 stroke patients surveyed, the average age was 55.1 years;the sex-ratio (Men/women) was 1.3 and only 8.8% of patients had benefited from INAM (National Institute of Health Insurance) granting of benefits. The proportion of ICVA was 73.6% compared to 26.4% for the MCVA. The average overall cost of granting benefits of a CVA patient was 312,245 FCFA for an average stay of 18.6 days. This cost was 399.115 FCFA in MCVA for an average stay of 19.0 days against 281.130 FCFA in ICVA for an average stay of 16.1 days. Conclusion: CVAs on the one hand inflict losses of national productivity by its handicap, and a heavy economic burden for both patients and their families on the other hand, by its high cost of granting of benefits;Hence there is the need for assistance of all kinds by national and international health actors.

RESEARCH ON SEQUELAE OF CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT TREATED BY THREE DIFFERENT NEEDLING TECHNIQUES

One hundred and sixty cases of sequelae of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) wererandomly divided into three groups: The temporal point group (TG), 58 cases; the scalp acupuncturegroup(SG), 52 cases; the body acupuncture group(BG), 50 cases. It was shown that after 30 treat-ments the curative effects were significantly different (P【0. 01) among the three groups. The effectin TG was better than those in SG and BG. There was no difference in curative effects between SGand BG. It is indicated that all the three needling techniques can improve encephalic blood flow in pa-tients. It seems that the effects of the three needling techniques are as follows: TG】SG】BG.

Predictors of a Cerebrovascular Accident in a Population of Systemic Sclerosis Patients Followed at a Large Academic Center with a Dedicated Scleroderma Center

Aim: The aim of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with a diagnosis of systemic sclerosis who later suffer a stroke and to identify associations for this relationship. Background: Prior studies have showed an increased risk of cardiovascular disease among patients with chronic inflammatory disorders, with chronic inflammation leading to atherosclerosis believed to be the culprit. Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by diffuse fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Previous studies have suggested a possible link between systemic sclerosis and macrovascular complications such as stroke. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of patients treated within the University of Pennsylvania Health System from October 2015 to April 2019 with a diagnosis of SSc. Using ICD10 codes, we identified a cohort of SSc patients who suffered a stroke. Information regarding demographics and stroke risk factors were gathered from the charts of patients with a diagnosis of both SSc plus stroke and compared to a control group of randomly selected patients with SSc who never suffered a stroke. Continuous variables were conveyed using a mean plus a standard deviation. A two-sample t-test was used to compare the two groups of patients. Qualitative variables were compared using a two-tailed Fisher’s exact test. Results: Based on a large cohort of SSc patients (n = 2080) followed between October 2015 and April 2019, we identified 36 SSc patients who developed a subsequent stroke (1.7% of cohort). When looking at risk factors for stroke in SSc patients, we identified hypertension and atrial fibrillation to be associated with the diagnosis of stroke in such patients. Specifically, 28 of the 36 patients with both SSc and stroke also had a diagnosis of hypertension while in the control group, only 17 of 36 patients had hypertension. Atrial fibrillation was seen in 9 of 36 patients with both SSc and CVA while it was seen in only 2 of 36 patients in the control group. Conclusions: This case control study demonstrated that the presence of hypertension and atrial fibrillation had a statistically significant association with the diagnosis of CVA in patients with SSc.

Effect of minimally invasive craniotomy combined with edaravone on cerebral oxygen metabolism, cerebrovascular function and oxidative stress in patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage

Objective:To investigate the effects of minimally invasive craniotomy combined with edaravone on cerebral oxygen metabolism, cerebrovascular function and oxidative stress in patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:A total of 100 patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage treated in our hospital from March 2015 to February 2017 were randomly divided into control group and observation group. 50 patients in the control group were treated with minimally invasive craniotomy. On the basis of control group, patients in the observation group were treated with edaravone. Cerebral oxygen metabolism, cerebrovascular function and oxidative stress were measured later in both groups.Results:After treatment, the levels of SOD in both groups increased significantly and MDA levels decreased significantly, and SOD level in the observation group was (97.34±1.95) U/mL, which was significantly higher than the control group, MDA level was (2.77±0.11) mol/L and significantly lower than that of the control group after treatment;After treatment, the levels of ET in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, and the levels of CGRP were significantly higher than those before treatment. ET level in observation group was (3.24±0.22) μg/L after treatment, which was significantly lower than that in control group (59.67±0.79) pg/mL, which was significantly higher than the control group;After treatment, the levels of SjvO2, CjvO2 and PbtO2 in both groups were significantly increased compared with before treatment, the levels of Da-jvO2 and CEO2 were significantly lower than the level of before treatment, and the levels of SjvO2, The levels of CjvO2 and PbtO2 were (62.93±1.63)%, (99.31±0.94) mL/L and (28.56±1.55) mmHg, which were significantly higher than the control group. Da-jvO2 and CEO2 levels were (51.31±1.13) mL/L and (30.52±0.43)%, which were significantly lower than the control group.Conclusion: Edaravone combined with minimally invasive craniotomy can effectively reduce the level of oxidative stress, improve endothelial function and cerebral oxygen metabolism, and has reliable curative effect. It is worth further clinical application.

Acupuncture combined with Buyang Huanwu decoction in the treatment of sequelae of cerebrovascular accident:a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Cerebrovascular accident has high morbidity,high disability,and high mortality,possibly causing several serious sequelae and bringing a heavy burden to the patient,the family,and the society.Buyang Huanwu decoction,a classic ancient prescription of traditional Chinese medicine,and acupuncture are often used in combination to treat the sequelae of cerebrovascular accident.In the present study,we systematically evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with Buyang Huanwu decoction in treating the sequelae of cerebrovascular accident.Methods:Relevant randomized controlled trials of acupuncture combined with Buyang Huanwu decoction in treating the sequelae of cerebrovascular accident were comprehensively retrieved from electronic databases from inception to May 8,2020,including PubMed,Embase,The Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang Data,and China Science and Technology Journal Database.The main outcomes of clinical efficacy,degree of nerve function impairment,daily self-care capacity,Fugl-Meyer locomotor function score,life quality score,and occurrence of adverse reactions were subjected to meta-analysis.Results:The 28 randomized controlled trials included 2,341 patients with the sequelae of cerebrovascular accident.Systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that compared with acupuncture alone,its combined treatment with Buyang Huanwu decoction significantly increased clinical efficacy(RR=1.19,95%CI(1.14,1.23),P<0.001),improved nerve function impairment(WMD=−4.89,95%CI(−8.25,−1.53),P=0.004),promoted daily self-care capacity(WMD=15.87,95%CI(11.22,20.51),P<0.001),strengthened Fugl-Meyer locomotor function(WMD=20.89,95%CI(13.79,27.98),P<0.001),enhanced physical functioning(WMD=16.99,95%CI(6.01,27.96),P<0.001)and mental health(WMD=16.91,95%CI(9.14,24.69),P<0.001)in terms of life quality score(SF-36 scale)of patients with sequelae of cerebrovascular accident,with few adverse reactions.Conclusion:Compared with acupuncture alone,its combination with Buyang Huanwu decoction had better comprehensive effects on sequelae of cerebrovascular accident without obvious adverse reactions.

Traumatic Brain Injury and Cerebral Vascular Accident: Application of Rasch Analysis to Examine Differences in Disability and Outcome in Post-Hospital Rehabilitation

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate an application of Rasch analysis to identify differences in disability profiles resulting from traumatic brain injury (TBI) and cerebral vascular accident (CVA) and to examine outcome differences between the two groups following post-hospital residential rehabilitation. Participant data were collected from 32 facilities in 16 states. From 2990 neurologically impaired individuals with consecutive admissions from 2011 through 2017, 874 met inclusion criteria: TBI (n = 687) or CVA (n = 187), 18 years or older, minimum length of stay of one month, and maximum chronicity of 1 year. Participants were evaluated at admission and discharge on the Mayo Portland Adaptability Inventory-Version 4 (MPAI-4). Rasch analysis was performed to establish item reliability, construct validity and item difficulty. A Repeated Measures Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (RM MANCOVA) determined group differences and improvement from admission and discharge. Rasch Analysis demonstrated satisfactory construct validity and internal consistency (Person reliability > 0.90, Item reliability > 0.98 for admission and discharge MPAI-4s). Both groups showed significant improvement on the MPAI-4 (p 0.0005). The TBI group was more impaired on the adjustment scale at both admission and discharge (p 0.001). Rasch analysis identified two distinct impairment patterns. CVA participants exhibited deficits characteristic of focal impairment while the TBI group presented with deficits reflective of diffuse impairment. Rehabilitation was shown to be beneficial in reducing disability following neurologic injury in both groups. Importantly, Rasch Analysis accurately produced unique disability profiles that differentiated the treatment groups. This unique statistical technique offers a promising prescriptive hierarchical model for guiding neurological rehabilitation treatment.

老年糖尿病肾病患者骨代谢指标与脑血管疾病的相关性

目的 探讨糖尿病肾病患者骨代谢指标与脑血管疾病的相关性及其对生存率的影响。方法 选取2014年1月-2019年12月在首都医科大学宣武医院内分泌科就诊的996例2型糖尿病肾病老年患者作为研究对象。根据是否合并脑血管疾病分为合并组599例和未合并组397例。收集患者的一般资料、临床资料、实验室资料、骨代谢资料和随访资料。采用logistic回归分析骨代谢指标(骨密度、骨钙素、骨碱性磷酸酶、维生素D、甲状旁腺激素等)与脑血管疾病的相关性。结果 合并组的骨密度、维生素D均低于未合并组,骨钙素、骨碱性磷酸酶均高于未合并组,合并组的血钙及磷水平均低于未合并组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,骨密度、维生素D等是影响脑血管疾病发生的保护因素(P<0.05),骨碱性磷酸酶是其危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 糖尿病肾病患者的骨代谢指标是影响脑血管疾病发生的预测因素或介导因素,为糖尿病肾病患者的骨代谢和脑血管系统的评估和干预提供了新的依据和思路。

脑血管疾病风险人群湿证相关的肠道菌群特征及影响因素研究

【目的】研究脑血管疾病风险人群湿证相关肠道菌群的特征及其影响因素。【方法】基于2021年10月至2023年2月在广东开展的脑血管疾病风险人群湿证相关的流行病学调查,纳入60例研究对象(包括脑血管疾病风险组41例和健康对照组19例),进行湿证诊断与脑卒中风险评级,收集粪便样本,采用高通量16S rRNA测序技术及生物信息学方法分析菌群特征。【结果】(1)共53例诊断为湿证(88.33%),风险组与健康组间及低、中、高危3组间在湿证诊断量化得分的组间比较有统计学差异(P=0.016;P=0.041)。(2)湿证组与非湿证组的肠道菌群物种种类及丰度无显著性差异。(3)在已诊断为湿证的人群中,健康组与风险组的Alpha多样性无显著性差异,而Beta多样性分析有显著性差异;LEfSe分析发现梭杆菌和乳杆菌富集于风险组;相关性分析提示差异菌与糖尿病、血脂异常、肥胖3个危险因素以及颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)相关。(4)在已诊断为湿证且有脑血管疾病危险因素的人群中,低、中、高危3组的Alpha多样性无显著性差异,而Beta多样性分析则提示有显著性差异;LEfSe分析发现,Acidaminococcaceae、Phascolarctobacterium、Butyricimonas明显富集于低危组,Veillonellaceae明显富集于中危组,Ruminococcus 2、Alloprevotella明显富集于高危组;相关性分析提示,差异菌与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞计数(NEUT)相关。【结论】以湿证为主的广东地区人群,湿证程度与脑卒中风险有关,且呈现与亚临床动脉粥样硬化、炎性反应、脂质代谢相关的特征菌群。

脑卒中患病影响因素的研究现状

随着脑卒中的发病率逐年升高,给社会、家庭和患者带来了巨大的痛苦、经济压力和社会负担,因而加强其疾病因素的分类、研究和预警,对降低发病率和死亡率具有重要意义。因此,本文从不可控因素(年龄、性别、遗传、环境等)、疾病因素(高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、冠心病、偏头痛等)、个人因素(生活习惯、心理因素、睡眠因素等)、其他因素等方面对脑卒中发病的影响因素进行综述,以期为脑卒中的预防、治疗和护理提供依据。

Information-motivation-behavioral guided nursing for stroke patients with pulmonary dysfunction:A randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND Patients with stroke frequently experience pulmonary dysfunction.AIM To explore the effects of information-motivation-behavioral(IMB)skills modelbased nursing care on pulmonary function,blood gas indices,complication rates,and quality of life(QoL)in stroke patients with pulmonary dysfunction.METHODS We conducted a controlled study involving 120 stroke patients with pulmonary dysfunction.The control group received routine care,whereas the intervention group received IMB-model-based nursing care.Various parameters including pulmonary function,blood gas indices,complication rates,and QoL were assessed before and after the intervention.RESULTS Baseline data of the control and intervention groups were comparable.Post-intervention,the IMB model-based care group showed significant improvements in pulmonary function indicators,forced expiratory volume in 1 sec,forced vital capacity,and peak expiratory flow compared with the control group.Blood gas indices,such as arterial oxygen pressure and arterial oxygen saturation,increased significantly,and arterial carbon dioxide partial.pressure decreased significantly in the IMB model-based care group compared with the control group.The intervention group also had a lower complication rate(6.67%vs 23.33%)and higher QoL scores across all domains than the control group.CONCLUSION IMB model-based nursing care significantly enhanced pulmonary function,improved blood gas indices,reduced complication rates,and improved the QoL of stroke patients with pulmonary dysfunction.Further research is needed to validate these results and to assess the long-term efficacy and broader applicability of the model.

Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction (ACPO): An Expanding Colon with Unusual Risk Factors

The distention of the colon without mechanical or anatomical obstruction, Acute Colonic Pseudo-obstruction (ACPO), is a common condition occurring in the critically ill. ACPO in the setting of an acute pulmonary embolism and embolic stroke is a rarity. A 76-year-old female with shortness of breath, left hemiparesis and right-sided paresthesias presented with acute pulmonary embolism and acute infarcts of the left caudate nucleus, thalamus and occipital lobe. Her hospitalization was complicated with persistent distention of the large bowel without dilation of the small bowel. Empiric antibiotics were initiated without improvement and laboratory studies including Clostridium difficile were negative. She underwent nasogastric decompression and two decompressive colonoscopies with a resolution of her symptoms. This case illustrates an example of acute abdominal distension, without underlying etiology, in the setting of acute embolism of the pulmonary and cerebral vasculature. Early identification and action with decompressive colonoscopy were key to preventing further bowel damage or rupture.

老年慢性肾脏病患者骨代谢指标与心脑血管疾病发生的相关性

目的 分析慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者骨代谢指标与心脑血管疾病发生的相关性,为降低心脑血管疾病发生提供新手段。方法 收集2022年10月至2023年4月河北省沧州市人民医院老年科住院治疗的老年CKD患者160例为研究对象,根据是否合并心脑血管疾病将其分为对照组(80例,未合并心脑血管疾病)和病例组(80例,合并心脑血管疾病)。比较两组临床资料,采用Pearson分析骨代谢指标与心脑血管疾病发生的相关性,采用多因素logistic回归分析老年CKD患者发生心脑血管疾病的影响因素。结果 两组年龄、性别、体重指数、CKD分期及CKD病程比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。病例组曾经或正在吸烟和饮酒的患者比例大于对照组,病例组甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均高于对照组(P<0.05),病例组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。病例组血清中25-羟维生素D_(3)[25-(OH)D_(3)]、β-Ⅰ型胶原C-末端肽交联(β-CTX)和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b(TRAP5b)水平高于对照组(P<0.05),病例组血清骨钙素(OCN)、Ⅰ型原胶原N-端前肽(PⅠNP)水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组血清中钙、磷、甲状旁腺激素水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。OCN和PⅠNP水平与心脑血管疾病发生风险呈负相关,血清中25-(OH)D_(3)、β-CTX和TRAP5b水平与心脑血管疾病发生风险呈正相关(P<0.05)。甲状旁腺激素水平与心脑血管疾病发生无相关性(P>0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,OCN(OR=0.41,95%CI:0.29~0.82)、PⅠNP(OR=0.36,95%CI:0.21~0.72)、β-CTX(OR=5.65,95%CI:3.23~6.67)、TRAP5b(OR=2.59,95%CI:2.35~3.22)、25-(OH)D_(3)(OR=1.16,95%CI:1.09~2.25)、TG(OR=1.34,95%CI:1.21~2.57)、TC(OR=2.13,95%CI:1.91~2.95)、LDL-C(OR=1.79,95%CI:1.61~2.84)、HDL-C(OR=0.33,95%CI:0.23~0.61)水平是老年CKD患者发生心脑血管疾病的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 CKD患者骨代谢指标与心脑血管疾病发生有密切关系,骨代谢指标监测对减少CKD患者发生心脑血管疾病风险至关重要。

综合性康复疗法治疗脑血管意外偏瘫的临床疗效评价

目的分析脑血管意外偏瘫患者使用综合性康复疗法的临床疗效。方法方便选择宁津县人民医院于2021年8月—2023年6月收治的106例脑血管意外偏瘫患者作为研究对象,以随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组53例。对照组采用常规康复疗法,观察组采用综合性康复疗法,对比两组临床疗效、肢体运动功能评分、日常生活能力评分、神经功能缺损程度评分。结果治疗后,观察组临床总疗效(94.34%)高于对照组(79.25%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.267,P<0.05);观察组肢体运动功能评分、日常生活能力评分、神经功能缺损程度评分均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论综合性康复疗法对于提升脑血管意外偏瘫的临床疗效具有重要作用,且可以提升患者肢体运动功能、日常生活能力,改善神经功能缺损问题。

细节干预联合优质护理对脑血管意外后遗症患者生活质量、负面情绪的影响

目的探讨针对脑血管意外后遗症患者,采用细节干预联合优质护理的效果。方法抽取2021年5月—2023年5月江苏省无锡市康复医院收治的80例脑血管意外后遗症患者作为研究对象,依据随机数表法将其分为干预组和对照组,各40例,其中对照组给予常规护理干预措施,干预组给予细节干预+优质护理干预,采用焦虑(SAS)和抑郁(SDS)自评量表评价患者的心理状态,采用SF-36量表评估患者治疗后的生活质量,比较两组患者护理满意度。结果护理前两组患者的SAS、SDS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),护理干预后两组患者的SAS、SDS评分均降低,且干预组的SAS、SDS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理前两组患者的生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、活力评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后两组患者的生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、活力评分均降低,且干预组的以上维度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论脑血管依赖后遗症,在治疗过程中联合细节干预、优质护理,可显著提高治疗的效果,帮助病人减轻负面情绪,提高生活水平,应用价值显著。

中国脑血管病临床管理指南(第2版)(节选)——第3章脑血管病高危人群管理

针对脑血管病的危险因素积极进行早期干预管理是减少脑血管病危害最有效的方法。本章节介绍脑血管病高危人群管理的推荐意见,包括对不可干预和可干预血管危险因素的控制,阿司匹林在缺血性卒中一级预防中的应用以及首次卒中风险评估等方面。

侧卧位直接前路全髋关节置换治疗伴有偏瘫的股骨颈骨折的近期疗效观察

目的观察侧卧位直接前路(direct anterior approach,DAA)人工全髋关节置换手术治疗脑血管意外患者偏瘫侧股骨颈骨折的近期疗效。方法回顾性分析亳州市人民医院骨科2018年1月—2020年8月收治的因脑血管意外而致偏瘫侧肢体发生股骨颈骨折的患者57例,按入院后不同治疗分为DAA组和后外侧入路组。DAA组29例采用侧卧位DAA人工全髋关节置换手术治疗,男性15例,女性14例;年龄57~70岁,平均68.3岁;道路交通伤9例,摔伤15例,高处坠落伤5例。后外侧入路组28例采用常规后外侧入路人工全髋关节置换手术,男性14例,女性14例;年龄63~69岁,平均66.6岁;道路交通伤9例,摔伤14例,高处坠落伤5例。观察记录两组患者伤口长度、手术时间、术中失血量、住院时间,术后3、7d疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS),术前及术后1、3、6、16个月随访时髋关节功能评分、手术并发症等,评定侧卧位DAA入路髋关节置换对偏瘫侧肢体股骨颈骨折治疗的安全性和有效性。结果患者均顺利完成手术,DAA组较后外侧入路组切口长度短[(9.32±2.23)cm vs.(11.1±2.43)cm]、手术时间长[(79.3±8.9)min vs.(72.2±8.7)min]、术中出血量少[(181.6±34.2)mL vs.(211.3±42.2)mL]、住院天数少[(7.3±1.3)d vs.(8.9±1.5)d],比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3、7d两组VAS比较差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.357,P=0.018;Z=-2.576,P=0.010)。患者均门诊随访8~16个月,DAA组患者术后1、3个月随访髋关节评分显著优于后外侧入路组(P<0.05),但术后6、16个月两组数据差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。DAA组2例患者伤口渗液,其余伤口正常愈合;所有患者正常活动均无脱位,无深部组织及假体感染。后外侧入路组患者1例术后2个月假体感染,4例患者术后3个月内活动时脱位。末次随访两组患者X线片未见假体松动现象。结论侧卧位DAA全髋关节置换手术治疗因脑血管意外致偏瘫侧肢体股骨颈骨折创伤小,住院时间短,术后恢复快,值得临床推广应用。

仝小林院士“脾瘅-脉损”防治经验

仝小林院士提出脾瘅的形成和发展过程与代谢综合征基本一致,均以肥胖为始动因素,最终进展导致严重的大血管(脉损)和微血管(络损)并发症。在脾瘅-脉损的发展过程中,膏脂充溢,浊邪内生是其发病基础,痰瘀积脉是其核心环节,脾肾亏虚是其发展的重要因素。因此,临证时一方面需要消膏降浊、化痰祛脂,消除病理因素;另一方面需要活血化瘀通脉,兼顾全程通络,使脉络畅通;还需注重补虚,健脾益肾。中医在代谢综合征及心脑血管并发症的防治过程中,可充分发挥其“治未病”的优势,攻补兼施,临床疗效显著。

运脾方对2型糖尿病患者一级亲属代谢影响的研究

目的 探究运脾方对2型糖尿病患者一级亲属代谢影响。方法 研究合计纳入河北省中医院内分泌科门诊及住院收治的119例2型糖尿病患者一级亲属(2019年1年-2020年1月),均为非糖尿病,并将受试者分成观察组与对照组(随机数字表法),对照组60例受试者均行个体化健康教育,观察组59例受试者均行个体化的健康教育+运脾方治疗,时间3个月,比较两组受试者治疗前后腰围及体质量指数(Body mass index, BMI)指标变化及空腹血尿酸指标变化、血压变化、糖代谢指标及脂代谢指标变化、治疗前后生活质量(the short-form 36 item health survey questionnaire, SF-36)指标变化及受试者对干预满意率情况、不良反应情况。随访2年,观察组脱落3例,剩余56例,对照组脱落2例,剩余58例,比较两组受试者糖尿病发生情况、冠心病及高血压、脑卒中等心脑血管疾病发生率。结果 两组受试者治疗前腰围及BMI指标、空腹血尿酸指标、收缩压及舒张压、空腹血糖(Fasting blood glucose, FBG)及空腹胰岛素(Fasting insulin, FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(Insulin resistance index, HOMA-IR)等血糖代谢指标、总胆固醇(Total cholesterol, TC)、甘油三酯(Triglyceride, TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(High density liptein cholesterol, HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)等脂代谢指标、SF-36指标等比较,P>0.05,治疗后各组受试者腰围及BMI指标、空腹血尿酸指标、收缩压及舒张压、FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、SF-36评分等指标均改善,观察组受试者治疗后腰围及BMI指标、空腹血尿酸指标、收缩压及舒张压、FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、SF-36评分等指标情况均优于对照组受试者;观察组受试者满意率(96.61%,57/59)高于对照组(83.33%,50/60)(P<0.05);两组均未出现不良反应(P>0.05);2年后,观察组受试者糖尿病发生率(5.36%,3/56)低于对照组(18.97%,12/58),脑卒中及冠心病、高血压病等其他心脑血管疾病发生率(5.36%,3/56)低于对照组(20.69%,12/58)(P<0.05)。结论 运脾方对2型糖尿病患者一级亲属代谢具有积极影响,可较好改善2型糖尿病患者一级亲属糖代谢、脂代谢等指标,受试者生活质量改善,十分认可,且还可预防糖尿病、高血压病、冠心病等心脑血管疾病,值得深入研究。

卵巢癌并发急性缺血性脑卒中患者的急救护理

总结1例卵巢癌患者并发急性缺血性脑卒中的护理体会。针对患者脑卒中症状不典型、需短时间明确诊断和启动溶栓治疗等问题,护士及时启动快速反应团队、主导多学科合作;溶栓期间加强出血风险监测及管理;新辅助化疗期间重点防范梗死;进行分阶段康复训练,促进肢体康复。经过精心护理,顺利出院。后续及时、足量完成化疗择期行手术治疗,随访3个月,患者状况良好。