Background:Elevated intracranial pressure(ICP)occurs in several physiological and pathological conditions,yet long-term sequellae are not common,which implies that blood flow is preserved above ischemic thresholds.Met...Background:Elevated intracranial pressure(ICP)occurs in several physiological and pathological conditions,yet long-term sequellae are not common,which implies that blood flow is preserved above ischemic thresholds.Methods:This pilot study sought to confirm this hypothesis using a closed cranial window model in a rat in which ICP was elevated to 120 mmHg for 12 min,and superficial cortical perfusion was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry and laser speckle flowmetry.Results:Following a transient increase,cortical blood flow decreased to between 25%and 75%of baseline.These levels correspond to disrupted metabolism and decreased protein synthesis but did not exceed thresholds for electrical signaling or membrane integrity.This may partially explain how some episodes of elevated ICP remain benign.Conclusion:The closed cranial window model provides a platform for prospective study of physiologic responses to artificially elevated ICP during neurosurgery to promote hemostasis.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and the influence on cerebral blood supply of waggle needling Yanglingquan(GB34) on spastic paresis(SP) rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) induced and inve...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and the influence on cerebral blood supply of waggle needling Yanglingquan(GB34) on spastic paresis(SP) rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) induced and investigate its mechanism of relieving neurobehavior deficiency.METHODS:SP rat model was produced by permanent MCAO.Rats were divided into five groups:blank control group(Control),sham operation group(Sham),model group(Model),waggle needling group(WN) and perpendicular needling group(PN).SP rats were treated with acupuncture from day 3 after MCAO,once a day for 6 d.The modified neurological severity score(m NSS) and modified Ashworth scale(MAS) were conducted on days 0,1,3,5,7 and 9.Cerebral blood flow(CBF) in ischemic cortex was measured by laser speckle imaging 5 min pre ischemia,5 min post ischemia,and after intervention on day 9.All rats were sacrificed at day 9 and the protein and m RNA expressions of γ2 subunit of the γ-aminobutyric acid receptor A(GABAAγ2) and K+-Cl-cotransporter 2(KCC2) in the ischemic cortex and lumber enlargement was measured by Western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS:Both Control and Sham groups showed no changes in m NSS and MAS scores and in the regional CBF.Compared with Model group,both WN and PN treatments significantly ameliorated neurological deficit(P < 0.01),decreased muscle tone(P < 0.05),and enhanced CBF(P < 0.001) in SP rats;moreover,WN showed superior effects than PN(P < 0.001).In line with the improvement in neurobehavior,acupuncture interventions up-regulated the expressions of GABAAγ2 and KCC2 in the ischemic cortex as well as lumber enlargement(P < 0.01) in SP rats,and those changes were more obvious in WN(P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Acupuncture at Yanglingquan(GB34) enhanced cerebral blood flow and ameliorated SP in permanent MCAO rats,while waggle needling was superior to regular perpendicular needling.Waggle needling Yanglingquan(GB34) would be a potential complementary therapy for SP.展开更多
基金This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences(F31GM089135)to MTO.
文摘Background:Elevated intracranial pressure(ICP)occurs in several physiological and pathological conditions,yet long-term sequellae are not common,which implies that blood flow is preserved above ischemic thresholds.Methods:This pilot study sought to confirm this hypothesis using a closed cranial window model in a rat in which ICP was elevated to 120 mmHg for 12 min,and superficial cortical perfusion was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry and laser speckle flowmetry.Results:Following a transient increase,cortical blood flow decreased to between 25%and 75%of baseline.These levels correspond to disrupted metabolism and decreased protein synthesis but did not exceed thresholds for electrical signaling or membrane integrity.This may partially explain how some episodes of elevated ICP remain benign.Conclusion:The closed cranial window model provides a platform for prospective study of physiologic responses to artificially elevated ICP during neurosurgery to promote hemostasis.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Development Fund Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China:Study on the Mechanism of Waggle Needling GB34 Relieving Spasticity in Poststroke Rats Based on KCC2-GABAA Receptor Pathway(No.81774417)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China:Research and Development of Physical Therapy Technology and Equipment for Regulation of Human Functional State(No.2020-JYB-ZDGG-062)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and the influence on cerebral blood supply of waggle needling Yanglingquan(GB34) on spastic paresis(SP) rats after middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) induced and investigate its mechanism of relieving neurobehavior deficiency.METHODS:SP rat model was produced by permanent MCAO.Rats were divided into five groups:blank control group(Control),sham operation group(Sham),model group(Model),waggle needling group(WN) and perpendicular needling group(PN).SP rats were treated with acupuncture from day 3 after MCAO,once a day for 6 d.The modified neurological severity score(m NSS) and modified Ashworth scale(MAS) were conducted on days 0,1,3,5,7 and 9.Cerebral blood flow(CBF) in ischemic cortex was measured by laser speckle imaging 5 min pre ischemia,5 min post ischemia,and after intervention on day 9.All rats were sacrificed at day 9 and the protein and m RNA expressions of γ2 subunit of the γ-aminobutyric acid receptor A(GABAAγ2) and K+-Cl-cotransporter 2(KCC2) in the ischemic cortex and lumber enlargement was measured by Western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS:Both Control and Sham groups showed no changes in m NSS and MAS scores and in the regional CBF.Compared with Model group,both WN and PN treatments significantly ameliorated neurological deficit(P < 0.01),decreased muscle tone(P < 0.05),and enhanced CBF(P < 0.001) in SP rats;moreover,WN showed superior effects than PN(P < 0.001).In line with the improvement in neurobehavior,acupuncture interventions up-regulated the expressions of GABAAγ2 and KCC2 in the ischemic cortex as well as lumber enlargement(P < 0.01) in SP rats,and those changes were more obvious in WN(P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Acupuncture at Yanglingquan(GB34) enhanced cerebral blood flow and ameliorated SP in permanent MCAO rats,while waggle needling was superior to regular perpendicular needling.Waggle needling Yanglingquan(GB34) would be a potential complementary therapy for SP.