Carbon Fiber Breakage Mechanism in Aluminum(Al)/Carbon Fibers(CFs) Composite Sheet during Accumulative Roll Bonding(ARB) Process

We put forward a method of fabricating Aluminum(Al)/carbon fibers(CFs) composite sheets by the accumulative roll bonding(ARB) method. The finished Al/CFs composite sheet has CFs and pure Al sheets as sandwich and surface layers. After cross-section observation of the Al/CFs composite sheet, we found that the CFs discretely distributed within the sandwich layer. Besides, the tensile test showed that the contribution of the sandwich CFs layer to tensile strength was less than 11% compared with annealed pure Al sheet. With ex-situ observation of the CFs breakage evolution with-16%,-32%, and-45% rolling reduction during the ARB process, the plastic instability of the Al layer was found to bring shear damages to the CFs. At last, the bridging strengthening mechanism introduced by CFs was sacrificed. We provide new insight into and instruction on Al/CFs composite sheet preparation method and processing parameters.

Al2_3/Al2O3 Joint Brazed with Al2O3-particulate-contained Composite Ag-Cu-Ti Filler Material

Microstructure and interracial reactions of Al2O3 joints brazed with Al2O3-particulate-contained composite Ag-Cu-Ti filler material were researched by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, electron probe microscopy analysis （EPMA）, energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The interracial reaction layer thickness of joints brazed with conventional active filler metal and active composite filler materials with different volume fraction of Al2O3 particulate was also studied. The experimental results indicated although there were Al2O3 particulates added into active filler metals, the time dependence of interracial layer growth of joints brazed with active composite filler material is t^1/2 as described by Fickian law as the joints brazed with conventional active filler metal.

Synthesis and Characterization of Worm-shaped Tubular Lanthanum Aluminum Composite Mesoporous Materials

The lanthanum aluminum mesoporous materials were synthesized using sodium dodecyl sulfate as a template agent by ultrasonic hydrothermal method.The resulting samples were characterized by low angle X-ray diffraction（XRD）,N2 adsorption-desorption studies,transmission electron microscopy（TEM）and surface morphology analysis（SEM）,surface acid（NH3-TPD）,reducibility properties（TPR）,X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer（EDS）and thermogravimetric analysis（TG/DTG）.A l/La composite mesoporous material were synthesized with n（Al）︰n（La）=70︰1.0,80°C of reaction temperature,20 h of reaction time,12 h of crystallization time,650°C of calcination temperature.The specific surface area of the sample is 273.90 m 2 ·g ？1 ,with the average diameter 5.642 nm and pore volume 0.2354 cm 3 ·g ？1 .The samples have mesoporous structure and its particles are similar to a worm-shaped tubular structure.The influence of calcination temperature on the surface physical and chemical properties of Al/La composited mesoporous materials was examined,and the results showed that the acid strength was increased but the amount of acidic sites is decreased as the calcination temperature increased.It was found that the sample calcined at 650°C had appropriate acid content,acid strength and better reducibility.

AN IN SITU SURFACE COMPOSITE AND GRADIENT MATERIAL OF Al-Si ALLOY PRODUCED BY ELECTROMAGNETIC FORCE

Because of the different conductivities between the primary phase (low electric conduc tivity) and the metal melt, electromagnetic force scarcely acts on the primary phase. Thus, an electromagnetic repulsive force applied by the metal melt exerts on the pri mary phase when the movement of the melt in the direction of electromagnetic force is limited. As a result, the repulsive force exerts on the primary phase to push them to move in the direction opposite to that of the electromagnetic force when the metal melt with primary phase solidifies under an electromagnetic force field. Based on this, a new method for production of in situ surface composite and gradient material by electromagnetic force is proposed. An in situ primary Si reinforced surface composite of Al-15wt%Si alloy and gradient material of Al-l9wt%Si alloy were produced by this method. The microhardness of the primary Si is HV1320. The reinforced phase size is in the range from 40μm to 100μm. The wear resistance of Al-Si alloy gradient material can be more greatly increased than that of their matrix material.

Layered Metal Composites: Newest Generation of Radiation-Protective Materials

The expediency of development of one of the newest highly effective radiation-protective materials—layered composites of “light metal/heavy metal” type is substantiated. The characteristics of the internal architecture of composites of Al/Pb type made by consecutive application of vacuum and normal atmospheric rolling are adduced. The differences between the radioisotope and accelerating techniques of experimental testing of radiation-protective properties of materials are described. The results of the testing of composites and the influence of their structure on radiation-protective properties of the investigated materials are characterized. It is shown that the radiation-protective efficiency of composites certain structures may be 30% - 40% higher than the aluminum. This gives the opportunity to reduce the weight of radiation-protective structure at preservation of effectiveness of protection at aluminum level, or to increase the effectiveness of protection at constant weight of this structure.

Microstructure Regulation and Combustion Performance Optimization of PVDF/Al Composite Powder by Non-covalent Functionalized Graphenes

Graphene prepared by non-covalent modification of sulfonated poly(ether-ether-ketone)(SPG)was combined with polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)/Al to improve the PVDF/Al thermal conductivity while reducing the effect of the thermal resistance at the graphene-polymer interface.The regulation rule of SPG with different contents on the energy release of fluorine-containing system was studied.When the content of SPG is 4%,the peak pressure and rise rate of SPG/PVDF/Al composite powder during ignition reach the maximum of 4845.28 kPa and 8683.58 kPa/s.When the content of SPG is 5%,the PVDF/Al composite powder is completely coated by SPG,and the calorific value of the material reachs the maximum of 29.094 kJ/g.Through the design and micro-control of the composite powder,the calorific value of the material can be effectively improved,but the improvement of the mass release rate still depends on the graphene content and surface modification state.

RELATIONS BETWEEN INTERFACE OF CF/Al-4.5 Cu COMPOSITE AND SOLIDIFICATION PROCESSING

ＲＥＬＡＴＩＯＮＳＢＥＴＷＥＥＮＩＮＴＥＲＦＡＣＥＯＦＣＦ／Ａｌ４．５ＣｕＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＥＡＮＤＳＯＬＩＤＩＦＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＰＲＯＣＥＳＳＩＮＧ①ＣｈｕＳｈｕａｎｇｊｉｅ，ＷｕＲｅｎｊｉｅＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＣｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｅＭ...

Ballistic Performance and Damage Characteristics of Chemical Vapor Infiltration Quasi 3D-Cf/SiC Composites

To investigate the ballistic performance and damage characteristics of quasi threedimensional（3D） needle-punched Cf/SiC composites prepared by chemical vapor infiltration（CVI）,penetration experiments were conducted by using 7.62 mm armor piercing incendiary（API）.Macro and micro fracture morphologies were then observed on recycled targets.The results show that the protection coefficient of 3D Cf/SiC composites is 2.54.High porosity and many micro thermal stress cracks may directly lead to the lower ballistic performance.Flat fracture morphology was observed on the crater surface.The low dynamic fracture strength along layer direction may be attributed to the voids and microcracks caused by residual thermal stress.The damage characteristics of Cf/Si C composites include matrix cracking,fiber bundle cracking,interfacial debonding,fiber fracture,and fiber bundle pull-out.And interfacial debonding and fiber fracture may play major roles in energy absorption.

Improvement of the matrix and the interface quality of a Cu/Al composite by the MARB process

The matrix accumulative roll bonding technology （MARB） can improve the matrix performance of metal composite and strengthen the bonding quality of the interface./n this research, for the fwst time, the technology of MARB was proposed. A sound Cu/AI bonding composite was obtained using the MARB process and the bonding characteristic of the interface was studied using scanning electricity microscope （SEM） and energy-dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）. The result indicated that accumulation cycles and diffusion annealing temperature were the most important factors for fabricating a Cu/AI composite material. The substrate aluminum was strengthened by MARB, and a high quality Cu/AI composite with sound interface was obtained as well.

Improved wettability and mechanical properties of metal coated carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum matrix composites by squeeze melt infiltration technique

In order to improve the wettability and bonding performance of the interface between carbon fiber and aluminum matrix,nickel-and copper-coated carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum matrix composites were fabricated by the squeeze melt infiltration technique.The interface wettability,microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites were compared and investigated.Compared with the uncoated fiber-reinforced aluminum matrix composite,the microstructure analysis indicated that the coatings significantly improved the wettability and effectively inhibited the interface reaction between carbon fiber and aluminum matrix during the process.Under the same processing condition,aluminum melt was easy to infiltrate into the copper-coated fiber bundles.Furthermore,the inhibited interface reaction was more conducive to maintain the original strength of fiber and improve the fiber−matrix interface bonding performance.The mechanical properties were evaluated by uniaxial tensile test.The yield strength,ultimate tensile strength and elastic modulus of the copper-coated carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum matrix composite were about 124 MPa,140 MPa and 82 GPa,respectively.In the case of nickel-coated carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum matrix composite,the yield strength,ultimate tensile strength and elastic modulus were about 60 MPa,70 MPa and 79 GPa,respectively.The excellent mechanical properties for copper-coated fiber-reinforced composites are attributed to better compactness of the matrix and better fiber−matrix interface bonding,which favor the load transfer ability from aluminam matrix to carbon fiber under the loading state,giving full play to the bearing role of carbon fiber.

Effects of Cerium on the Mechanical Properties of the ZA22／Al_2O_3 Composites

ZA22/Al2O3 composites were prepared by means of squeeze casting process. The effects of Ce on the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), impact toughness, and hardness of the composites were studied. The results show that both the UTS and the hardness are improved and the impact toughness is decreased with the increase of the volume fraction of fibers (Vf). After Ce is added ,UTS (Vf>15%) and the hardness are improved at room temperature because of the modification of Ce, but the impact toughness and UTS at elevated temperature are lowered.The filtered action of the fiber preform results in that the influence of the amount of Ce added from 0. 1 wt% to 0. 5 wt% on the mechanical properties of the composites can be ignored.

Machine learning technique for prediction of magnetocaloric effect in La(Fe,Si/Al)_(13)-based materials

Data-mining techniques using machine learning are powerful and efficient for materials design, possessing great potential for discovering new materials with good characteristics. Here, this technique has been used on composition design for La（Fe,Si/Al）（13）-based materials, which are regarded as one of the most promising magnetic refrigerants in practice. Three prediction models are built by using a machine learning algorithm called gradient boosting regression tree（GBRT） to essentially find the correlation between the Curie temperature（TC）, maximum value of magnetic entropy change（（？SM）（max））,and chemical composition, all of which yield high accuracy in the prediction of TC and（？SM）（max）. The performance metric coefficient scores of determination（R^2） for the three models are 0.96, 0.87, and 0.91. These results suggest that all of the models are well-developed predictive models on the challenging issue of generalization ability for untrained data, which can not only provide us with suggestions for real experiments but also help us gain physical insights to find proper composition for further magnetic refrigeration applications.

Microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of functionally graded Al2024/SiC composites prepared by powder metallurgy techniques

Al2024/SiC functionally graded materials (FGMs) with different numbers of graded layers and different amounts of SiC were fabricated successfully by powder metallurgy method and hot pressing process. The effects of increasing SiC content and number of layers of Al2024/SiC FGMs on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composite were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyses indicated that Al and SiC were dominant components as well as others such as Al4C3, CuAl2, and CuMgAl2

热等静压制备CF/Al复合材料的微观结构及性能

采用热等静压（HIP）工艺制备连续碳纤维（CF）增强Al基复合材料。利用扫描电镜、粒度仪和X射线衍射仪表征2A12铝合金粉末形貌、粒度分布和相组成；利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱仪观察复合材料的显微组织、断口形貌和界面扩散反应特征，并对其主要力学性能进行测试。结果表明：粉末形貌呈球形，粒度主要分布在150～180μm；复合材料致密，界面连接紧密无孔洞缺陷；与基体铝合金材料相比，复合材料的拉伸强度和断后伸长率分别提高5％和54％，断裂方式为脆性断裂；Al基体裂纹起源于粉末颗粒界面，CF／Al界面断口呈现CF拔出和断裂失效形式；CF／Al界面发生元素扩散，界面反应生成A14C3金属间化合物。

CF/Al复合丝的超声浸渗制备工艺与性能

探讨了超声液相浸渗法在制备碳（ 石墨）／ 铝复合丝过程中的适应性，通过选取适当的工艺参数，包括纤维去胶及预热温度、铝液温度、浸渗速度和引入的超声能量等，可以得到复合质量较好、具有较高力学性能的复合丝。复合丝拉伸断口的扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ） 观察可见断面有一定起伏，部分纤维拔出但长度较短，表明纤维与基体具有适当的界面结合。

热压工艺因素对CF/Al复合丝性能的影响

模拟 Ｃ Ｆ／ Ａｌ 复合丝铺层热压制备板材工艺， 分析探讨了复合丝在热压过程中强度降低的主要影响因素以及各因素间的相互关系。结果表明， 热压温度和压力对复合丝的性能都有较大的影响， 温度在 ４５０～５５０℃时复合丝强度保留率在 ８５％ 以上， ６００℃时复合丝强度保留率仅 ７０％ 左右； 复合丝强度随压力增大而降低， 温度和压力对复合丝性能的影响具有协同效应。

CF／Al复合材料的热膨胀行为

测试和分析了用热压和挤压铸造工艺制备的ＣＦ／Ａｌ复合材料热膨胀行为指出ＣＦ／Ａｌ的热膨胀规律与其内部残余应力的存在方式密切相关，其制备方式对热膨胀过程也有影响，从热膨胀变化规律能够间接了解材料内部残余应力的生成、消亡及存在方式，为材料的尺寸稳定化处理及选择热处理制度提供理论和实验依据．

SiCp/Al复合材料纳米压痕/划痕下的脆塑性行为研究

为探究SiCp/Al复合材料中两相材料相互作用引起的力学性能差异,研究微观尺度下法向载荷变化对SiCp/Al复合材料形变和去除的影响。采用纳米压痕实验,基于Oliver-Pharr法测得其硬度和弹性模量,并对其压痕表面进行观察,结合有限元仿真分析产生力学性能差异的原因;同时,根据纳米压痕实验所得力学参数进行变载荷纳米划痕仿真,并配合实验后划痕表面观察结果分析材料的形变和脆塑性行为。结果表明:当金刚石压头作用于SiC颗粒时,颗粒出现破碎和二次压入现象,所测硬度与弹性模量小于单晶SiC的理论值;当金刚石压头作用于基体相时,由于SiC颗粒阻碍基体压入,复合材料的硬度与弹性模量测量结果偏大。在纳米划痕过程中,复合材料的去除形式随载荷变化体现为划擦、耕犁和切削阶段,其中的基体相通过塑性流动产生塑性脊堆积并伴随有涂覆现象,SiC颗粒则以脱黏、断裂破碎和拔出等脆性机制而去除,且SiC颗粒的二次压入、断裂、破碎和拔出是导致复合材料力学性能与单晶SiC的力学性能产生巨大差异的主要原因。随着划痕载荷增加,SiC体积分数为45%的SiCp/Al复合材料的去除机制更多取决于以塑性去除为主的基体相,而SiC颗粒则主要表现为脆性去除。

纵扭超声辅助铣削SiCp/Al复合材料表面质量研究

高体积分数SiCp/Al复合材料具有高比强度、高比模数和良好的耐磨性等优异性能。然而,它们的高硬度和脆性会导致精密制造过程中应力分布更为复杂,这会使材料中产生过大的力和过多的热,从而影响加工精度和工件耐久极限寿命。目的通过分析切削过程中颗粒的去除机理和表面缺陷类型,利用纵扭超声辅助铣削(longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic assisted milling,LTUAM)技术,改善高体积分数SiCp/Al复合材料的加工表面质量。方法利用ABAQUS和PYTHON软件,建立考虑颗粒断裂过程的两相随机分布颗粒SiCp/Al复合材料模型,并采用Johnson-Cook模型和Brittle Cracking模型对SiCp/Al复合材料纵扭超声辅助铣削过程进行有限元模拟仿真。针对不同加工参数,进行SiCp/Al复合材料纵扭超声辅助铣削和常规铣削(conventional milling,CM)试验,评估有限元仿真模拟与试验结果的一致性。结果模拟结果表明,损伤和裂纹主要产生在SiC颗粒(SiCp)中上部的切削线上,凹坑缺陷主要产生在颗粒下部的切削线上。试验结果显示,表面缺陷的类型主要包括颗粒的损伤和拔出、颗粒的损伤和断裂形成凹坑、未损伤的颗粒形成凸起、破损颗粒与刀具在已加工表面上挤压摩擦形成犁沟、铝基体涂覆、表面微裂纹和表面空穴等,并且当加工速度120 m/min,超声振幅3μm时,最大裂纹深度最小,表面缺陷最小,表面质量最好。结论对比有限元仿真结果与试验结果发现,二者的表面质量变化趋势基本具有一致性。纵扭超声辅助铣削技术的应用对提高SiCp/Al复合材料的表面质量有较好效果。

Al-Sn复合材料的制备及其水反应产氢效率

为提高Al和水的反应活性,采用高能球磨法制备了Al-Sn复合材料,通过SEM、激光粒径分析、XRD等方法表征了Al-Sn复合物的微观结构,研究了Al-Sn复合材料的水反应活性,考察了颗粒粒径、水介质、起始温度、球磨参数变化对Al-Sn复合物水反应活性的影响。实验结果表明,高能球磨法及金属Sn的加入能够大幅提高Al与水反应的活性,制备的Al-Sn复合材料与水反应的氢气产率达83.92%,快速期最大产氢速率为359mL/(min·g)。