Subaqueous volcanic eruptive facies,facies model and its reservoir significance in a continental lacustrine basin:A case from the Cretaceous in Chaganhua area of southern Songliao Basin,NE China

The conventional lithofacies and facies model of subaerial and marine pyroclastic rocks cannot reflect the characteristics of subaqueous volcanic edifice in lacustrine basins.In order to solve this problem,the lithofacies of subaqueous eruptive pyroclastic rocks is discussed and the facies model is established by taking the tuff cone of Cretaceous Huoshiling Formation in the Chaganhua area of the Changling fault depression,Songliao Basin as the research object.The results indicate that the subaqueous eruptive pyroclastic rocks in the Songliao Basin can be divided into two facies and four subfacies.The two facies are the subaqueous explosive facies and the volcanic sedimentary facies that is formed during the eruption interval.The subaqueous explosive facies can be further divided into three subfacies:gas-supported hot pyroclastic flow subfacies,water-laid density current subfacies and subaqueous fallout subfacies.The volcanic sedimentary facies consists of pyroclastic sedimentary rocks containing terrigenous clast subfacies.A typical facies model of the tuff cone that is formed by subaqueous eruptions in the Songliao Basin was established.The tuff cone is generally composed of multiple subaqueous eruption depositional units and can be divided into two facies associations:near-source facies association and far-source facies association.The complete vertical succession of one depositional unit of the near-source facies association is composed of pyroclastic sedimentary rocks containing terrigenous clast subfacies,gas-supported hot pyroclastic flow subfacies,water-laid density current subfacies and subaqueous fallout subfacies from bottom to top.The depositional unit of the far-source facies association is dominated by the subaqueous fallout subfacies and contains several thin interlayered deposits of the water-laid density current subfacies.The gas-supported hot pyroclastic flow subfacies and the pyroclastic sedimentary rocks containing terrigenous clast subfacies are favorable subaqueous eruptive facies for reservoirs in continental lacustrine basins.

湖盆水下喷发火山岩相类型、特征与储集意义——以松辽盆地南部查干花地区白垩系为例

为解决传统的陆上和海域火山碎屑岩岩相及相模式难以反映湖盆水下火山机构特征的问题,以松辽盆地长岭断陷查干花地区白垩系火石岭组凝灰岩丘为研究对象,探讨水下喷发火山碎屑岩岩相并建立相模式。研究表明,水下喷发火山碎屑岩可分为2种相4种亚相,其中2种相为水下爆发相和喷发间歇期形成的火山沉积相。水下爆发相可进一步分为气携水下热碎屑流、水携火山密度流和水下降落3种亚相;火山沉积相由含外碎屑火山碎屑沉积岩1种亚相构成。松辽盆地水下喷发形成典型的凝灰岩丘相模式,凝灰岩丘通常由多个水下喷发堆积单元叠加构成,可分为近源和远源两个相组。近源相组完整的堆积单元从下到上依次由含外碎屑火山碎屑沉积岩亚相-气携水下热碎屑流亚相-水携火山高密度流亚相和水下降落亚相构成;远源相组的堆积单元以发育水下降落亚相为主,夹有多个薄层水携高密度流亚相沉积。气携水下热碎屑流亚相和火山沉积相含外碎屑火山碎屑沉积岩亚相是陆相湖盆水下喷发有利储集层发育的优势岩相。

原生晕-因子分析地球化学异常识别——以内蒙古查干花地区1:5万水系沉积物Mo异常提取为例

近些年来我国的化探扫面工作积累了丰富的化探数据资料,如何有效利用这些化探数据,并结合已知的矿床(点)类型来针对性获得更加综合的找矿化探信息,是目前找矿过程中值得研究的课题。本文提出了原生晕-因子分析(PH-FA:primary halo-factor analysis)方法,通过利用原生晕的成矿元素的关联关系来刻画次生晕中的关联属性,使次生晕中成矿元素关联属性更接近成矿事件的元素数据结构。以内蒙古查干花地区为例,从原生晕矿石地球化学数据中分析得出Bi为Mo最相关的元素,通过对比背景的富集程度进行权重组合计算获得Mo、Bi的PH-FA权重系数分别为0.717607和0.282393,将Bi与Mo进行权重组合计算PH-FA得分,并提取化探异常。结果表明,该方法与传统的因子分析相比,所圈定的异常与控矿断层相交的重合率高13.05%,且构造线、岩体等控矿因素同样具有更强的空间分布相关性,表明该方法在识别控矿因素以及矿区外围找矿中有较高的可行性。

应用地震属性分析技术刻画河道砂体

岩性油藏已成为松辽盆地南部中浅层勘探的主要油藏类型,而河道砂体的识别一直是物探工作者长期研究的重点。此次研究选择了查干花地区新施工完成的三维地震,在"弃砂找河,扬河找砂"的新思路指导下,准确标定目的层及参考标志层并进行精细解释,应用地震属性分析技术进行地震相划分、河道刻画,进而寻找河道砂体。研究认为,在半深湖—浅湖沉积环境下,三角洲前缘水下分支河道和河道间沉积体在地震上有响应,应用地震属性对河道进行了刻画,据此部署探井获得高产油流。

硅铝络合两性离子聚合物强抑制防塌钻井液体系在查干花地区的研究及应用

针对查干花地区不同地层存在缩径、掉块和垮塌等井壁稳定问题,研制了一种硅铝络合两性离子聚合物强抑制防塌钻井液体系。结合室内水敏性、配伍性、滚动回收率实验,对该体系中的AOS-1(硅铝络合抑制防塌剂)的作用进行室内实验研究,并在查干花地区6口井进行了现场的应用。试验结果表明,新型强抑制性钻井液体系与其他处理剂配伍性好,抑制性强,能有效防止井壁失稳。

松辽盆地查干花地区营城组火山岩气藏气体组份差异性及其控制因素分析

松辽盆地查干花地区火山岩勘探取得了比较好的效果,而不同区带气藏组分存在差异。通过对比分析凸起带及凹陷带探井中气藏的气体成因、分布特征及其差异,明确了一级基底大断裂及其分支的二级断裂为幔源气的运移通道,而缓坡带的三级断裂为烃类气的运移通道,输导断裂的类型决定了气藏中CO2和烃类气的含量。建立了查干花地区含CO2气藏运聚成藏模式,合理解释了该地区含CO2天然气的勘探现状和复杂分布问题,为CO2和烃类气的钻前预测提供了理论依据。