Coseismic Coulomb stress changes induced by a 2020-2021 M_(W)>7.0 Alaska earthquake sequence in and around the Shumagin gap and its influence on the Alaska-Aleutian subduction interface

Three M_(W)>7.0 earthquakes in 2020-2021 occurred in the Shumagin seismic gap and its adjacent area of the Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone,including the Mw7.8 Simeonof thrust earthquake on July 22,2020,the M_(W)7.6 Sand Point strike-slip earthquake on October 19,2020,and the M_(W)8.2 Chignik thrust earthquake on July 29,2021.The spatial and temporal proximity of these three earthquakes prompts us to probe stress-triggering effects among them.Here we examine the coseismic Coulomb stress change imparted by the three earthquakes and their influence on the subduction interface.Our results show that:(1)The Simeonof earthquake has strong loading effects on the subsequent Sand Point and Chignik earthquakes,with the Coulomb stress changes of 3.95 bars and 2.89 bars,respectively.The Coulomb stress change caused by the Sand Point earthquake at the hypocenter of the Chignik earthquake is merely around 0.01 bars,suggesting the negligible triggering effect on the latter earthquake;(2)The triggering effects of the Simeonof,Sand Point,and Chignik earthquakes on aftershocks within three months are not well pronounced because of the triggering rates of 38%,14%,and 43%respectively.Other factors may have played an important role in promoting the occurrence of these aftershocks,such as the roughness of the subduction interface,the complicated velocity structure of the lithosphere,and the heterogeneous prestress therein;(3)The three earthquakes caused remarkable coseismic Coulomb stress changes at the subduction interface nearby these mainshocks,with an average Coulomb stress change of 3.2 bars in the shallow region directly inwards the trench.

Oxygen Isotope Records of Core 8KL of the South China Sea and Sea - level Change

Based on a comparison between the oxygen isotope records of benthic and plank tonic foraminifers from core 8KL of the South China Sea and sea-level change records derived from the Huon Peninsula, New Guinea, it is found that both records are very similar from 72 K a B.P. to the present, especially for the benthic oxygen isotope record. The linear regression shows that δ18O changes (0.9995‰ for benthic foraminifers and 1.022‰ for planktonic foraminifers) are equal to 100 m in sea-level fluctuation. After making temperature correction in the δ18O record of benthic foraminifers from 72 to 120 Ka B.P., the curve of sea-level oscillation of the South China Sea since 186 Ka B.P. has been reconstructed. The lowermost sea - level that occurred in the last glacial maximum and oxygen isotope stage 6 is approximately - 130 m.

Preface: The Chang'e-3 lander and rover mission to the Moon

The Chang＇e-3 （CE-3） lander and rover mission to the Moon was an in- termediate step in China＇s lunar exploration program, which will be followed by a sample return mission. The lander was equipped with a number of remote-sensing instruments including a pair of cameras （Landing Camera and Terrain Camera） for recording the landing process and surveying terrain, an extreme ultraviolet camera for monitoring activities in the Earth＇s plasmasphere, and a first-ever Moon-based ultravi- olet telescope for astronomical observations. The Yutu rover successfully carried out close-up observations with the Panoramic Camera, mineralogical investigations with the VIS-NIR Imaging Spectrometer, study of elemental abundances with the Active Particle-induced X-ray Spectrometer, and pioneering measurements of the lunar sub- surface with Lunar Penetrating Radar. This special issue provides a collection of key information on the instrumental designs, calibration methods and data processing pro- cedures used by these experiments with a perspective of facilitating further analyses of scientific data from CE-3 in preparation for future missions.

Characteristics and control mechanisms of coalbed permeability change in various gas production stages

According to dimensionless analysis of the coalbed methane （CBM） production data of Fanzhuang block in southern Qinshui basin, the dimensionless gas production rate is calculated to quantitatively divide the CBM well production process into four stages, i.e., drai- nage stage, unstable gas production stage, stable gas pro- duction stage, and gas production decline stage. By the material balance method, the coal reservoir permeability change in different stages is quantitatively characterized. The characteristics and control mechanisms of change in coalbed permeability （CICP） during different production stages are concluded on five aspects, i.e., permeability trend variation, controlling mechanism, system energy, phase state compositions, and production performance. The study reveals that CICP is characterized by first decline, then recovery, and finally by increase and is controlled directly by effective stress and matrix shrinkage effects. Further, the duration and intensity of the matrix shrinkage effect are inherently controlled by adsorption and desorp- tion features.

Environmental archaeology on Longshan Culture （4500-4000 aBP） at Yuhuicun Site in Bengbu, Anhui Province

Based on the samples collected from the west wall of the ABYT2004 at Yuhuicun Site in Bengbu, Anhui Province, the multi-environmental substitute indexes such as the grain-size, Rb/Sr, zircon crystal morphology and magnetic susceptibility were analyzed. The age of archaeological strata was determined by AMS^14C dating. According to the results, combined with the information of the ancient human activities and the cultural heritage data obtained from the Longshan cultural archaeological strata, it can be concluded that （1） Before 4500 aBP, the climate was humid and water level was high in the Huaihe River and its tributaries, the drainage basin and its surrounding areas were even flooded, so the site area was submerged and there were no human activities around the site. （2） About 4500 aBP, the climate began to become drier and water level of the Huaihe River and its tributaries began to decline, thus floodplain gradually appeared, Yuhuicun Site and Longshan Culture began to appear. （3） Around 4100 aBP, the climate was humid and rainfall was abundant, which resulted in frequent flood disasters in the whole Huaihe River Basin. （4） After 4100 aBP, the climate gradually transited to be cold and dry, agricultural production was constrained to reduce the food source, Yuhuicun Site was almost abandoned. （5） The environmental information in sedimentary strata and historical records based on ancient books agree with each other. In addition, Yuhuicun Site was related to Dayu Zhishui （Yu the Great in taming the floods） in ancient books.

Strong dependency of lithium diffusion on mechanical constraints in high-capacity Li-ion battery electrodes

The effect of external constraints on Li diffusion in high-capacity Li-ion battery electrodes is investigated using a coupled finite deformation theory. It is found that thinfilm electrodes on rigid substrates experience much slower diffusion rates compared with free-standing films with the same material properties and geometric dimensions. More importantly, the study reveals that mechanical driving forces tend to retard diffusion in highly-constrained thin films when lithiation-induced softening is considered, in contrast to the fact that mechanical driving forces always enhance diffusion when deformation is fully elastic. The results provide further proof that nano-particles are a better design option for nextgeneration alloy-based electrodes compared with thin films.

Effect of Microsilica Addition on Properties of CMA72 Bonded Al2O3-MgO Castables

CMA72 bonded Al2 O3 - MgO castable is promising for application of steel ladle wall, because of unique combination of thermo-mechanical properties, slag corro- sion resistance and cost benefit. In these castables, mi- crosilica can be introduced to counterbalance the expan- sion generated by spinel formation. In this paper, the of microsilica dosage on properties of eastables was evaluated. Expansion, expressed by the permanent linear change （PLC）, is highly dependent on the dosage of microsilica. Unexpected expansion occurs when the dos- age of microsilica is too low due to dominant effect of spinel and CA6 formation. Too high dosage results in sintering shrinkage, which is related to amount of liquid phase generated by microsilica addition. In addition, HMOR declines dramatically with increasing microsilica dosage. Considering the balance between expansion con- trol and hot property retention, 1.0 mass% of microsili- ca is recommended for the castable containing 4 mass% of magnesia.

On the Period Variation of the W UMa-type Contact Binary V502 Ophiuchi

The variation in the orbital period of the W UMa type contact binary V502 Oph is analyzed. The orbital period exhibits a wavelike variation with a periodicity of 23.0 years and an amplitude of AP = 1.24 ×10^-5 days superimposed on secular decrease of dP/dt = 1.68× 10^-7 day per year. The long-term decrease may be accompanied by the contraction of the secondary at a rate of 83 m per year and a mass transfer rate from the primary to the secondary of 4.28×10^-8M· per year. The short-term oscillation may be explained by the presence of a third component. Orbital elements of the third body and its possible mass are presented.

Performance analysis of thermal storage unit with possible nano enhanced phase change material in building cooling applications

The heat transfer performance of the phase change materials used in free cooling and air conditioning applications is low,due to the poor thermal conductivity of the materials.The recent phenomenal advancement in nano technology provides an opportunity for an appreciable enhancement in the thermal conductivity of the phase change materials.In order to explore the possibilities of using nano technology for various applications,a detailed parametric study is carried out,to analyse the heat transfer enhancement potential with the thermal conductivity of the conventional phase change materials and nano enhanced phase change materials under various flow conditions of the heat transfer fluid.Initially,the theoretical equation,used to determine the time for outward cylindrical solidification of the phase change material,is validated with the experimental results.It is inferred from the parametric studies,that for paraffinic phase change materials with air as the heat transfer fluid,the first step should be to increase the heat transfer coefficient to the maximum extent,before making any attempt to increase the thermal conductivity of the phase change materials,with the addition of nano particles.When water is used as the phase change material,the addition of nano particles is recommended to achieve better heat transfer,when a liquid is used as the heat transfer fluid.

Experimentally-Induced Inhibition of Growth in Melanoma Cell Cultures Separated by ~2 Kilometers When Both Share Excess Correlation Magnetic Fields: Macroscopic Evidence of Free-Space Quantum Teleportation?

In multiple experiments plates of melanoma cells separated by either 3 m or 1.7 km were placed in the centers of toroids. A specific protocol of changing, angular velocity, pulsed magnetic fields that has been shown to produce excess correlation in photon durations and shift in proton concentrations (pH) in spring water were generated around both plates of cells. Serial injections of 50 μL of standard concentrations of hydrogen peroxide into the “local” plates of cells during the 12 min of field activation produced conspicuous cell death (reduction of viable cells by about 50%) with comparable diminishments of cell numbers in the non-local plates of cells within 24 hr but only if both loci separated by either 3 m or 1.7 km had shared the “excess correlation” magnetic field sequence. The non-local effect did not occur if the magnetic fields had not been present. Higher or lower concentrations of peroxide or concentrations that eliminated all of the cells or very few cells in the local dishes were associated with no significant diminishment of non-local cell growth. The data indicate that there must be a critical number of cells remaining viable following the local chemical reaction for the excess correlation to be manifested in the non-local cells. We suggest that this specific spatial-temporal pattern of fields generated within the paired toroidal geometries promotes transposition of virtual chemical reactions as an information field. Calculations of the energy available per cell and per volume of the quantity of reactants injected into the local space from the intensity of the changing velocity toroidal magnetic field support previous measurements and derivations that the units of information transposition may involve discrete quantities that represent equivalents of photons, electrons and protons.

董事会资本、经营期望落差与战略变革

基于企业行为理论,以2007-2015年中国A股上市公司为样本,实证检验了经营期望落差与战略变革程度之间的关系,以及董事会资本对两者关系的调节作用。研究结果表明:(1)随着经营期望落差的扩大,企业实施战略变革的程度将增加;(2)董事会资本广度增强了经营期望落差与战略变革程度之间的正相关关系;(3)董事会资本深度削弱了经营期望落差与战略变革程度之间的正相关关系。

江苏宜兴市龙池山银缕梅种群的生态位研究

以江苏省无锡市宜兴林场龙池山的银缕梅种群为研究对象,通过5块调查样地,采用7个计算公式,对生态位开展了研究,结果表明:江苏宜兴市龙池山群落中银缕梅的生态位宽度小于青冈和其它阔叶树种;银缕梅与青冈、银缕梅与其它阔叶树、青冈与其它阔叶树的生态位相似性比例均小于0.5;银缕梅、青冈及其它阔叶树种间生态位重叠值的大小反映了各树种在不同层次上利用资源的相似程度;按Shannon-W iener公式计算的生态位宽度比按L ev ins公式计算的生态位宽度更能体现树种间生态位的差别;青冈在群落中是优势种群,而银缕梅居于次要和从属的地位.

无机砷对Chang肝细胞株血红素单加氧酶-1 mRNA和蛋白表达的诱导作用

[目的]观察亚砷酸钠(sodium arsenite,NaAsO_2)对Chang肝细胞株血红素单加氧酶-1(heme oxygenase-1,HO-1)mRNA和蛋白表达的诱导作用。[方法]以5μmol/L和10μmol/L的NaAsO_2作用Chang肝细胞株2、6、12h和24h,分别用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和WesternBlot法检测细胞内HO-1的mRNA和蛋白表达情况。[结果]5μmol/L和10μmol/L NaAsO_2暴露2h开始出现HO-1 mRNA的诱导表达;6h的表达水平明显高于对照组和2h暴露组(P<0.01)。其中,10μmol/LNaAsO_2暴露12h和24h的mRNA表达均明显高于该浓度的6h暴露组(P<0.01);但24h的HO-1 mRNA表达水平与12h组相比没有明显升高。NaAsO_2暴露诱导的HO-1蛋白表达则从6h开始出现,12h组明显高于6h组,24h组明显高于12h组(均P<0.01);5μmol/L和10μmol/L NaAsO_2分别暴露6、12h和24h的HO-1蛋白表达量分别是对照组的2.80、9.34、18.15和3.97、12.92、23.29倍;此外,10μmol/L NaAsO_2暴露12h和24h的HO-1mRNA和蛋白表达均明显高于对应时间的5μmol/L组(P<0.01)。[结论]NaAsO_2暴露能够有效和持续性诱导Chang肝细胞株HO-1的mRNA和蛋白表达,是无机砷暴露的一种细胞保护性适应性反应。

新技术变革背景下知识溢出对后发企业突破性创新的影响研究

新一轮科技革命正在重塑全球产业技术创新生态,为中国后发企业提供了创新追赶的重要机会。本文运用2015~2021年中国新能源汽车企业数据,实证新技术变革背景下,公共知识溢出和合作知识溢出对后发企业突破性创新的影响及中介作用机制,以及知识惯性在其中的调节效应。研究发现:新技术变革背景下,两种知识溢出对后发企业突破性创新均具有正向影响,知识深度在公共知识溢出与突破性创新间起中介作用,知识宽度在合作知识溢出与突破性创新间起中介作用,知识惯性负向调节公共知识溢出与知识深度间的关系,但在合作知识溢出与知识宽度间无显著正向调节作用。研究结论从知识溢出视角为新技术变革背景下中国后发企业的突破性创新提供了管理启示。

上海旅游产业化进程的发展路径和综合评价研究——一个基于经验分析的逻辑框架

本文用制度、旅游业宽度、产品线扩展等3个因素构成的"最优化空间"来解读上海旅游业改革开放30年的发展逻辑和路径,提出上海旅游业的发展是建立在制度变迁基础上的,而旅游业宽度和产品线扩展构成了推动上海旅游业发展的机制性结构,形成了上海旅游业不同发展阶段的模式,促使改革开放30年来上海旅游业从政府主导下"嵌入式"发展模式到规则性市场制度环境"产业推动型"发展模式的转变。

无机砷对Chang liver细胞血红素单加氧酶-1表达的活化作用

目的观察无机砷（NaAsO2）对正常人肝细胞株Changliver细胞血红素单加氧酶-1（hemeoxygenase-1，HO-1）表达的活化作用。方法采用细胞培养的方法，将Changliver细胞分别暴露于10μm01／LNaAsO：后0（对照）、2、6、12、24h和0（对照）、5、10、25、50μmol／L后12h，收集细胞，Westernblot技术检测细胞内HO-1蛋白的表达。结果Changliver细胞染砷10μmol／L，体外培养6、12、24h，细胞内HO-1蛋白表达（3．97±0．72、12．92±2．98、23．29±3．82）明显高于对照组（1．00±0．00），组间比较和各组分别与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（F=85．83，P〈0．01；￡值分别为-9．42、-8．95、-13．83，P〈0．05或〈0．01）。染砷5、10、25、50μmol／L．体外培养12h，细胞内HO-1蛋白表达（6．34±0．25、7．75±0．39、7．93±0．14、12，48±0．35）明显高于对照组（1．00±0．00），组间比较和各组分别与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（F=709．66，P〈0．01；t值分别为-36．25、-30．19、-86．40、-56．40，P〈0．01）。结论无机砷能够诱导ChangLiver细胞内HO-1的活化，促进蛋白表达，并且具有时间和剂量效应。

伐根清理机器人变幅系统动态分析

应用控制论的方法,研究了伐根清理机器人变幅系统的动态特性,建立了系统动态方程,求出了系统传递和系统在阶跃信号作用的输出响应函数。并在此基础上,分析了系统的动态稳定性以及系统各参数、作业环境对系统动态特性的影响,提出了为提高伐根清理机器人变幅系统动态特性在设计和使用应采取的措施和方法。

知识宽度与深度对被并购企业关键研发者创造力变化的影响

现有的并购情境研究忽略了关键研发者个体知识基础对目标企业关键研发者创造力的影响,且较少涉及动态视角下关键研发者知识基础与创造力变化关系。鉴于此,基于技术并购的50家医药制造业企业2000—2020年专利数据,深入分析并购发生在目标企业关键研发者处于研发生涯不同阶段时,关键研发者知识宽度和深度对其创造力变化的影响。结果表明,当并购发生在目标企业关键研发者处于研发生涯上升阶段时,关键研发者知识宽度对其创造力变化存在负向影响,关键研发者知识深度对其创造力变化存在正向影响;当并购发生在目标企业关键研发者处于研发生涯衰退阶段时,关键研发者知识宽度对其创造力变化存在正向影响。该研究结论扩展了知识基础理论研究边界,验证了知识宽度与深度在关键研发者处于研发生涯不同阶段时存在的异质性作用,为企业提高并购前的风控能力以及并购后的创新能力提供了针对性建议。

照顾学科大学生转专业现状分析与建议——以武汉某高校某专业为例

针对照顾学科学生选择转专业的现状,对学生转专业的动机进行了调查研究,专业兴趣度、发展前景和专业名气是学生转专业的主要原因。为了应对学生盲目转专业,学校应该加强本专业的正面宣传,改善学生对本专业的负面情绪与偏见;同时,对学生实施导师责任制并提供更多的深造机会;最后,利用实习、企业导师及往届优秀毕业生到校的宣传,树立专业楷模形象。多维的专业发展方向与就业广度,会增加学生学习本专业的信心与动力。

福建天台山半枫荷天然群落的物种组成、生态位和种间关系

在实地调查的基础上,对分布于福建天台山半枫荷(Semiliquidambar cathayensis Chang)天然群落的物种组成、生态位特征及种间关系进行分析。结果表明:半枫荷群落乔木层和灌木层植物共有27科39属70种645株,其中,乔木层有23科36属47种424株,灌木层有26科38属52种221株。乔木层中半枫荷的重要值为7.19%,位居第2,为乔木层的优势种,Levins生态位宽度和Shannon-Weaver生态位宽度位居第4,而灌木层中半枫荷的重要值仅为0.94%,生态位宽度排名也靠后。乔木层和灌木层中主要种类(重要值排名前31位)生态位重叠值的平均值分别为0.571和0.500,并且,乔木层中半枫荷与赤杨叶〔Alniphyllum fortunei(Hemsl.)Makino〕、米槠〔Castanopsis carlesii(Hemsl.)Hayata.〕和红楠(Machilus thunbergii Sieb.et Zucc.)等7个种类的生态位重叠值较大。χ^(2)检验结果显示:半枫荷群落乔木层和灌木层中多数种对呈不显著正关联,种间独立性相对较强。从共同出现百分率看,半枫荷仅与栲(Castanopsis fargesii Franch.)紧密关联;从联结系数看,半枫荷与木油桐(Vernicia montana Lour.)、毛锥(Castanopsis fordii Hance)、木荷(Schima superba Gardn.et Champ.)、山胡椒〔Lindera glauca(Sieb.et Zucc.)Bl.〕及甜槠〔Castanopsis eyrei(Champ.ex Benth.)Tutch.〕紧密关联。半枫荷群落稳定性交点坐标为(35.45,65.19),群落稳定性较差。综上所述,福建天台山半枫荷天然群落中,半枫荷与多数种类种间联结性不显著,其分布具有一定的独立性和随机性。由于群落中缺乏半枫荷幼苗,群落稳定性较差,种间竞争较激烈,在未来群落演替过程中,半枫荷可能会被偏阴性种类取代,建议对其进行就地保护。