针刺百会、人中穴对急性脑缺血大鼠模型葡萄糖转运蛋白1、3的影响

【目的】探讨早期针刺治疗对脑缺血模型大鼠局部葡萄糖代谢的调节作用。【方法】将80只3个月龄的SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、2 h针刺组和24 h针刺组4组,每组20只。采用开颅法复制急性脑缺血模型。针刺治疗取百会、人中穴,采用泻法,针刺行针捻转频率120次/min,每隔4 min行针1次,每次行针1 min,总共针刺治疗30 min。2 h针刺组在造模后2 h即开始针刺治疗,在24 h后再次针刺治疗,一共治疗2次;24 h针刺组在模型制备后24 h针刺1次。针刺治疗结束后,大鼠予以神经功能评分,并取材,行2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色法测定缺血区域梗死面积,采用免疫组织化学法检测缺血脑组织葡萄糖转运蛋白(GLUT)1、3的表达。【结果】模型组大鼠神经功能评分指数较正常组升高,TTC染色结果显示左侧大脑半球肿胀,梗死体积明显大于对侧,免疫组织化学结果显示缺血脑组织区域GLUT1和GLUT3免疫阳性物较正常组增多(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,2 h针刺组和24 h针刺组均能有效改善脑缺血状况,降低神经功能评分指数,减少TTC染色后的梗死面积,增加缺血脑组织区域GLUT1和GLUT3蛋白表达(P<0.05),而2 h针刺组疗效优于24 h针刺组(P<0.05)。【结论】针刺可以有效改善急性脑缺血大鼠脑缺血损伤。针刺改善缺血性脑组织的能量代谢作用可能是通过上调脑内GLUT1和GLUT3的蛋白表达,提高葡萄糖的血脑屏障转运效率,从而促进葡萄糖代谢,为缺血性脑组织提供能量以延缓供能的相对不足,对抗脑缺血损伤。早期以针刺干预调节脑缺血大鼠能量代谢可以起到积极效果。

长庆气田靖边区北部奥陶系马五1储层难采储量区块综合评价

鄂尔多斯盆地长庆气田靖边区北部奥陶系马五 1 储层天然气藏因其开采难度较大 ,被称之为难采区 ,然其难采程度不一致 ,且存在较大差异 ,通过分析天然气难采主控因素产能的高低及分布状况 ,进一步了解影响产能的沉积 -成岩微相特征、储集物性、岩溶古地貌等因素 ,将难采程度分为最难采、难采、较难采 3类 ,建立评价标准 ,并对研究区难采储量区块进行综合评价。

长强、会阴穴封闭治疗肛门周围瘙痒症147例临床观察

用亚甲蓝液，作长强会阴穴封闭，治疗肛门周围瘙痒症１４７例，治愈率为５１．８％，总有效率为９３．２％。其疗效明显优于苯海拉明液作肛周局部封闭治疗的效果（Ｐ＜０．０１）。

长庆气田中区马五_4~1储层流体识别及天然气富集规律研究

尔多斯盆地长庆气田中区马五１４储层分为气层、低产水层、中高产纯水层、气水同层、干层五种产层类型，建立了相对应的测井综合判识标准。剖析了马五１４气藏的成藏条件，认为燕山中期的构造运动系天然气运移聚集的转折点，后期天然气由西向东运移而聚集在上倾方向致密遮挡带下的圈闭内。研究了马五１４储层气、水分布特征及天然气富集规律。

CQGH-1复合固化剂在长庆钻井清洁化生产中的应用

石油钻井过程中会产生大量废弃物,钻屑是其中最重要的一种,如果不对钻屑加以处理,将对其周边生态和环境造成严重污染。通过给钻屑中投入固化剂,使其转化为土壤或胶结强度较大的固化体,然后就地填埋或用作建筑材料,是一种经济环保的处理方法。CQGH-1是一种复合型的固化剂,其结合了有机和无机固化剂的使用方便、价格便宜、固化产物机械强度高、固结解毒效果好、稳定周期长、处理效果好等优点。在钻屑中加入15%的CQGH-1固化剂,不仅可以使钻屑具有很好的抗压强度,具备就地填埋、铺路的条件,而且固化体经过液体浸泡后产生的浸出液,其污染物含量低,不会成为新的污染源。CQGH-1固化剂的添加质量分数不是越大越好,15%是最经济、固化效果最好的加量,加入量过大时,钻屑固化效果会大大降低,污染物不能得到很好的控制。

9E燃机的IGV控制及常见故障分析

本文主要介绍了格尔木300MW燃气电站燃气轮机进口可调导叶（IGV）系统。从理论的角度分析了该系统的工作原理，说明了在机组中的作用，介绍了该系统容易出现的故障及解决方法。

φ88．9mm（3 1／2″）套管完井采油工艺论证

摘要：长庆油田超低渗透油藏开发提出以提高单井产能、降低成本为核心，采用“一大四小”配套工艺措施技术思路，其中套管选用φ114．3mm（4 1／2″）完井方式，通过2008年现场实施，取得较好效果、，为进一步探索更小套管完井可行性，开展φ,88．9mm（3 1/2″）套管完井采油工艺论证，以实现进一步降低成本的目的。

The mechanism of different diseases treated by the same way of acupuncture at Changqiang(长强 GV 1) for cognitive disorder

The basic rule of traditional Chinese medicine,different diseases treated in the same way,refers to the phenomenon that treating different diseases with the same pathogenesis by adopting the same method,which has considerable guiding significance in acupuncture at Changqiang（长强 GV 1） during clinical practices.In this study,by integrating distal end therapeutic effect of meridians and collaterals and acupoints,and yin-yang of traditional Chinese medicine and signal pathway and biological holographic law of western medicine,the mechanism of acupuncture at GV 1 in treatment of multiple cognitive disorderrelated diseases was analyzed,so as to expand the application of acupuncture at GV 1.

Study on the effect of acupuncture at Sìshéncōng(四神聪EX-HN 1) and Bǎihuì(百会 GV 20) on the serum amino acids neurotransmitters of insomnia patients

Objective To explore the efficacy of acupuncture at Sish4nc6ng （四神聪 EX- HN 1） and Baihui （百会 GV 20） as well as the possible mechanism. Methods Eighty cases of insomnia patients treated in our hospital were selected, and randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group according to the random number table method. Conventional treatment was carried out in the control group by giving cliazepam tablets, and acupuncture at EX-HN 1 and GV 20 was conducted in the treatment group. The sleep time and quality, PSQI score, and the level changes of blood glutamic acid （GLU）, y-aminobutyric acid （GABA）, norepinephrine （NE） and dopamine （DA） were compared in the patients in each group before and after treatment. Results Compared with the results before treatment, the time for falling asleep of the patients in the two groups shortened （both P〈0.05）, the levels of GLU and GABA increased （all P〈0.05）, the sleep time was longer （both P〈0.05）, and the levels of NE and DA, as well as the PSQI score reduced （all P〈0.05）. Compared with the control group, the levels of NE and DA, as well as the PSQI score of patients in the treatment group reduced after treatment （P〈0.05）, the time for falling asleep shortened （P〈0.05）, the levels of GLU and GABA increased （P〈0.05）, and the sleep time was longer （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Acupuncture at EX-HN 1 and GV 20 can prolong the sleep time, improve the sleep quality, and the clinical efficacy is superior to that of western medicine treatment. The mechanism may be related to the synthesis and release of amino acids neurotransmitters.

电针承山、长强穴治疗痔疮疼痛疗效观察

目的:评价承山与长强穴配伍治疗痔疮疼痛的临床疗效。方法:将120例痔疮疼痛患者随机分为电针组与药物组,各60例。电针组取长强、承山穴,用频率为2/100Hz疏密波治疗;药物组使用止痛药曲马多口服和马应龙麝香痔疮栓剂纳肛对症治疗。两组共治疗5天,评价每日排便时疼痛的视觉模拟评分(VAS)变化情况。结果:电针组在治疗前VAS评分为6.64±3.66,从第2天针刺治疗后疼痛就明显减轻(P<0.05),第2天VAS评分为5.65±2.21,第5天VAS评分为1.85±1.24。药物组在治疗前VAS评分为6.58±3.18,从第3天起,疼痛较前明显减轻(P<0.05),VAS评分为4.86±2.04,第5天VAS评分2.24±1.46。两组在治疗第5天结束后,VAS疼痛评分组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:承山与长强穴远近配伍对改善痔疮排便疼痛是有效的。

长庆气田可动地层水特征及意义

长庆气田的出水层主要分布于马五1段 ,根据测井检测数据 ,可分为产水不产气、气水同产及产气不 (少 )产水型。表面上看 ,长庆气田马五1储层的地层水呈块状或透镜状分布 ,无连片水体。实际上 ,该区地层水并非完全独立 ,气藏中不存在“边水”或“底水” ,找不到绝对的气水边界 ,只存在一些相对富集的区域 ,即相对富水区。通过利用地震、测井资料对地层水横向追踪 ,发现该区存在约 2 0个相对富水区。大面积气区中气井出水 ,并不影响气的产出 ,在相对富水区边缘 ,由于出水采气导致水体与井底压差增大 ,可能造成气井很快出水且水量急增 ,但可通过控制生产压差 (<3MPa)或采用排水恢复产气。

针刺涌泉、重灸百会对局灶性脑缺血大鼠VEGF表达的影响

目的探讨针刺对缺血性脑卒中的作用机制。方法将雄性Wistar大鼠40只,随机分为模型组和针灸组,每组20只。以线栓法闭塞大脑中动脉(middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)制作局灶脑缺血再灌注损伤模型。采用免疫组织化学染色SABC法检测缺血脑组织血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)蛋白表达,RT-PCR法检测缺血脑组织VEGF mRNA表达,TTC染色测定脑梗死面积。结果脑组织VEGF mRNA表达与模型组相比,针灸组缺血半暗带区VEGF mRNA表达明显增强,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);脑组织VEGF蛋白表达与模型组相比,针灸组VEGF蛋白表达明显增强,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);模型大鼠的脑组织出现大面积梗死灶,与正常组比较,差异明显(P<0.01);与模型组比较,针灸组脑梗死面积明显缩小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论针刺涌泉、重灸百会能显著增强脑组织VEGF蛋白及VEGF mRNA表达,促进缺血半暗带区血管生成,这可能是针灸治疗脑缺血的作用机制之一。

针刺百会、四神聪对脑缺血再灌注损伤模型大鼠缺血半暗带组织NF-κB信号通路的影响

目的采用针刺百会、四神聪穴位的方法,干预脑缺血再灌注损伤模型大鼠,通过对各组大鼠脑缺血半暗带组织中NF-κB、IκB蛋白表达水平的检测,探讨针刺百会、四神聪治疗缺血性脑病的部分作用机制。方法SPF级SD大鼠45只,将大鼠随机分为2组:假手术组(15只);造模组(30只)。然后采用改良线栓法对造模组30只大鼠进行CIRI模型复制,评价模型成功后,再将成功的动物模型随机分为2组:非穴区对照组和针刺组。最终实验分为3组,即:假手术组、非穴区对照组和针刺组。假手术组大鼠采用相同术式但不予线栓干预。模型复制成功后,针刺组大鼠给予百会、四神聪穴针刺干预,间隔8 h 1次,至再灌注72 h结束;非穴区对照组大鼠分别于百会、四神聪穴区周边5 mm处进行针刺皮肤干预,间隔8 h 1次,至再灌注72 h结束。末次针刺后1 h,过量麻醉法处死大鼠,取脑组织,去除缺血液化区组织后,沿缺血灶走行,剥离缺血灶周边2 mm区域内半暗带组织,用于NF-κB、IκB蛋白表达水平的检测。结果假手术组神经功能缺损评分为0,TTC染色未见梗死灶。非穴区对照组和针刺组神经功能缺损评分和梗死百分比均具有显著的统计学差异。与假手术组比较,非穴区对照组和针刺组大鼠缺血半暗带组织中NF-κB表达水平显著上调(P<0.01),IκB蛋白表达水平显著下降(P<0.01),有统计学差异;针刺干预后,与非穴区对照组比较,针刺组大鼠缺血半暗带组织中NF-κB表达水平显著下调(P<0.01),IκB蛋白表达水平显著上调(P<0.01),有统计学差异。结论针刺百会、四神聪穴可明显降低脑缺血再灌注损伤模型大鼠神经功能缺损评分,减小梗死百分比。其作用机制可能是通过调节NF-κB信号通路实现的。

Clinical Applications of Acupoints Baihui （GV 20） and Sishencong （Ex-HN 1）

Through clinical practice over the last decade, , I have been using Baihui （GV 20） and Sishencong （Ex-HN 1） for treating various diseases or symptoms. It is now reported as follows.

压灸百会、关元对轻中度阿尔茨海默病患者认知障碍及血清Aβ_(1-42)、tau、P-tau水平的影响

目的:比较压灸百会、关元联合盐酸多奈哌齐片与单纯盐酸多奈哌齐片治疗轻中度阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者认知障碍的临床疗效,从血清β淀粉样蛋白1-42(Aβ_(1-42))、微管相关蛋白tau、磷酸化tau(P-tau)水平探讨压灸治疗轻中度AD的机制。方法:将76例轻中度AD患者随机分为观察组(38例,脱落4例)和对照组(38例,脱落2例)。对照组予口服盐酸多奈哌齐片(每次5 mg,每天1次);观察组在对照组基础上予压灸百会、关元治疗,每次每穴施灸5壮,隔日1次,每周3次。两组均连续治疗8周。比较两组患者治疗前后及治疗结束后4、12周简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评分、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分,治疗前后血清Aβ_(1-42)、tau、P-tau水平,并进行安全性评价。结果:治疗后各时间点,两组患者MMSE、MoCA评分均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者血清Aβ_(1-42)、tau、P-tau水平较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者安全等级比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:压灸百会、关元联合盐酸多奈哌齐片改善轻中度AD认知障碍的近远期疗效优于单纯盐酸多奈哌齐片,且可降低血清Aβ_(1-42)、tau、P-tau水平,这可能是压灸改善认知障碍的机制之一。

Effect of acupuncture at Bǎihuì (百会GV 20) and Zúsānlǐ (足三里ST 36) on the level of serum inflammatory cytokines in patients with depression

Objective To investigate the immunologic mechanism of acupuncture at Bǎihuì（百 会 GV 20） and Zúsānlǐ（足三里 ST 36） for treatment of depression. Methods Eighty-four cases of depression patients were randomly divided into an electroacupuncture observation group（group A）, an electroacupuncture control group（group B） and a medication control group（group C）, 28 cases in each group. Bǎihuì（百会 GV 20） and Zúsānlǐ（足三里 ST 36） were used in the group A; Tàichōng （太冲 LR 3）, Sānyīnjiāo （三阴交 SP 6）, Nèiguān （内关 PC 6） and Shénmén （神门 HT 7） were used in the group B; and the group C was treated with oral administration of Fluoxetine. The scores of Hamilton Depression Scale （HAMD） were tested and the level of serum interleukin 1（IL-1β）, interleukin 6 （IL-6）, and tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α） were measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay （ELISA）before and after treatment. Results Their scores of HAMD were obviously decreased after treatment in three groups（all P0.01）. In the group A, 2 cases were cured, 19 cases were markedly effective, 5 cases were effective and 2 cases were failed. In the group B, 16 cases were markedly effective, 12 cases were effective. While in the group C, 1 case was cured, 17 cases were markedly effective, 7 cases were effective and 3 cases were failed. The grade distribution of clinical effect showed that the effect of group A was better （P0.05）. The levels of serum IL-1β and IL-6 in the three groups were obviously decreased after treatment （P0.05, P0.01）, while there was no significant difference between the level of serum TNF-α before and after treatment. Conclusion The effect of electroacupuncture observation group is superior to those of electroacupuncture control group and medication control group.All of these three methods can clear the inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-6 away and improve the symptoms of depression.

Effect of catgut implantation at acupoints on GABA_B and mGluR1 expressions in brain stem of rats with spasticity after stroke

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of catgut implantation at acupoints on the expressions of γ-amino butyric acid B receptor(GABAB ) and metabotropic glutamate receptor 1(mGluR1) in the brain stem of rats with spasticity after stroke.METHODS: In total, 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: a sham group(n=10), a model group(n=25) and a treatment group(n=25). The rats in both the model group and the treatment group were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion to establish a model of focal cerebral ischemia. Rats with limb-spasm met the inclusion criteria. Only the left carotid artery was isolated in sham group rats. Three days after modeling, the treatment group was subjected to catgut implantation at Dazhui(GV 14), Guanyuan(CV 4), and Zhongwan(CV 12). Neurological deficit symptoms were assessed with the Zea-Longa neurological deficit score. The Modified Ashworth Scale(MAS), and isolated muscle tone were used to evaluate spasticity before and after treatment. Immunohistochemistry was applied to determine the expression of GABAB and mGluR1 in the rat brain stem after treatment.RESULTS: After treatment, neural impairment symptoms had significantly improved in the treatment group when compared to the model group(P<0.05). Both MAS and isolated muscle tone in the treatment group were significantly decreased when compared with the model group(P<0.05),and were also lower than before treatment. GABAB expression was significantly higher and mGluR1 was lower in the treatment group when compared with the model group(P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively).CONCLUSION: Catgut implantation at Dazhui(GV 14), Guanyuan(CV 4), and Zhongwan(CV 12), can relieve limb spasticity by increasing the expression of GABAB and reducing the expression of mGluR1 in the brain stem of rats after stroke.

针刺百会、足三里对抑郁症患者血清炎性细胞因子水平的影响

目的:探讨电针百会、足三里治疗抑郁症的免疫机制。方法:将84例患者随机分为电针观察组、电针对照组、药物对照组,每组28例。电针观察组穴取百会、足三里;电针对照组穴取太冲、三阴交、内关、神门;药物对照组给予百优解口服。在治疗前后分别用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分,采用酶联免疫分析法(ELISA)检测患者血清中白细胞介素1(IL-1β)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤细胞坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的水平。结果:与治疗前比较,各组患者治疗后HAMD评分均显著降低(均P<0.01)。电针观察组痊愈2例,显效19例,有效5例,无效2例;电针对照组分别为0例、16例、12例、0例;药物对照组分别为1例、17例、7例、3例,临床疗效等级分布提示电针观察组有较好的疗效(P<0.05);3组患者血清IL-1β、IL-6水平均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);血清TNF-α有所降低,但无统计学意义。结论:电针观察组疗效优于电针对照组和药物对照组;3种治疗方法都能清除炎性细胞因子IL-1β及IL-6,从而改善抑郁症状。