Vascular smooth muscle cells（VSMCs） are the major component of vascular wall which are often stretched and compressed by pounding intravascular pressure.These mechanical signals are usually transformed to electrical...Vascular smooth muscle cells（VSMCs） are the major component of vascular wall which are often stretched and compressed by pounding intravascular pressure.These mechanical signals are usually transformed to electrical signals by the opening or closing of ion channels in VSNCs and endothelial cells.Intravascular pressure causes a graded membrane potential depolarization of the VSMCs and leads to vasoconstriction（i.e.,myogenic response）,independent of the vascular endothelium. Although the important role of cation channels including L-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels,K<sup>+</sup> channels,and TRP channels in the regulation of vascular tone has been well established the functional roles played by Cl<sup>-</sup> channels in the regulation of the membrane potential and vascular tone remain essentially obscure. Recent emerging evidence implicates very important roles of Cl<sup>-</sup> channels in vascular function ranging from the control of membrane potential equilibrium, vascular contraction and relaxation to the regulation of intracellular pH,cell volume homeostasis,cell proliferation,migration,and apoptosis.展开更多
Sudden cardiac death(SCD),accounting for a substantial part of the forensic autopsy,is a leading cause of mortality worldwide.Lethal arrhythmia due to sodium channel diseases is recognized as one of the most prevalent...Sudden cardiac death(SCD),accounting for a substantial part of the forensic autopsy,is a leading cause of mortality worldwide.Lethal arrhythmia due to sodium channel diseases is recognized as one of the most prevalent etiologies of SCD.In these disorders,defective cardiomyocytes,including the pacemaker and the working cardiomyocytes,would manifest as abnormal electrical activity and morphology,thereby predisposing individuals to SCD.It is always a problem for forensic pathologists to adjudicate a sudden death caused by sodium channel diseases since structural changes in those cases are often inconspicuous.With the advent of the molecular autopsy,forensic pathologists can conduct targeted gene testing to identify the risk of SCD for family members of the probands.This review aims to discuss the relationship between SCD and sodium channel diseases,clarify the underlying mechanisms,and provide prophylactic suggestions for the relatives of SCD patients at risk.展开更多
文摘Vascular smooth muscle cells（VSMCs） are the major component of vascular wall which are often stretched and compressed by pounding intravascular pressure.These mechanical signals are usually transformed to electrical signals by the opening or closing of ion channels in VSNCs and endothelial cells.Intravascular pressure causes a graded membrane potential depolarization of the VSMCs and leads to vasoconstriction（i.e.,myogenic response）,independent of the vascular endothelium. Although the important role of cation channels including L-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels,K<sup>+</sup> channels,and TRP channels in the regulation of vascular tone has been well established the functional roles played by Cl<sup>-</sup> channels in the regulation of the membrane potential and vascular tone remain essentially obscure. Recent emerging evidence implicates very important roles of Cl<sup>-</sup> channels in vascular function ranging from the control of membrane potential equilibrium, vascular contraction and relaxation to the regulation of intracellular pH,cell volume homeostasis,cell proliferation,migration,and apoptosis.
文摘Sudden cardiac death(SCD),accounting for a substantial part of the forensic autopsy,is a leading cause of mortality worldwide.Lethal arrhythmia due to sodium channel diseases is recognized as one of the most prevalent etiologies of SCD.In these disorders,defective cardiomyocytes,including the pacemaker and the working cardiomyocytes,would manifest as abnormal electrical activity and morphology,thereby predisposing individuals to SCD.It is always a problem for forensic pathologists to adjudicate a sudden death caused by sodium channel diseases since structural changes in those cases are often inconspicuous.With the advent of the molecular autopsy,forensic pathologists can conduct targeted gene testing to identify the risk of SCD for family members of the probands.This review aims to discuss the relationship between SCD and sodium channel diseases,clarify the underlying mechanisms,and provide prophylactic suggestions for the relatives of SCD patients at risk.
