Systematic Evaluation of Pharmacognostic Identification of Polygonum capitatum

[Objectives] To investigate the systematic evaluation of pharmacognostic identification of Polygonum capitatum . [Methods] 10 batches of P. capitatum cultivated in Guizhou were chosen for plant samples. Macroscopical identification was conducted on plant roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits. The P. capitatum powder was processed for physical and chemical distinction by FeCl 3 chromogenic reaction, hydrochloric acid magnesium powder reaction, AlCl 3 color development reaction and thin-layer chromatography.Microscope identification was carried out on the powder. Plant genome DNeasy Plant Kit was adopted for DNA molecular marker identification. [Results] The results showed that the stem of P. capitatum was tufted, the leaves were oval, 2 to 5 cm long, and 1 to 2 cm wide;the leaf apex was acute and cuneate at the base, the inflorescence was capitate, paired or solitary;the raceme was erect and nearly spherical, and the perianth was light red. Furthermore, for the chromogenic reaction of FeCl 3 ethanol extract of P. capitatum , appeared blue and turned to dark blue after long time storing at room temperature. For the reaction of hydrochloric acid magnesium powder, the alcohol extract of P. capitatum , exhibited deep red. In the color reaction of AlCl 3, the alcohol extract revealed yellow fluorescence under 360 nm UV lamp. Microscope identification of the powder displayed pollen grains, crystal sheath fibers, cellulose, vessels, starch grains, cork cells, and other characteristic fragments. In addition, DNA barcoding electrophoresis results showed that P. capitatum showed a clear and bright single band near 500 bp, and further sequencing results showed that the sequence differences were mainly concentrated in ITS1 and ITS2 region. [Conclusions] Systematic evaluation for the identification of P. capitatum is established, which combines with macroscopic identification, physicochemical identification, powder microscope identification, and DNA molecular identification. Finally, the original medicinal material is identified as P. capitatum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don.

Characters and Microscopic Identification of Aralia cordata

[Objectives]Characters and microscopic characteristics of Aralia cordata were studied,to improve identification method for Aralia cordata.[Methods]Using pharmacognostic identification method,original plant morphology of Aralia cordata was observed,and microscopic observation of its root cross section and powder was conducted.[Results]It is perennial herb,with rhizome recess,arranged in clusters of nodules.There are double or triple pinnate compound leaves.It is glabrous or sparsely pubescent,with umbel.Flowers are white,while fruits are spherical and purple black.In microstructure,the cork layer on the cross section of root consists of 6-10 rows of cells,and there is secondary cortex.The parenchyma cells are rich in starch granules,and the cambium is not obvious.The vessels are uniserial,and the wood fiber is less,and the primary xylem is bipartite.There are many starch granules in powder,mostly single granules,round or quasi round,oval,umbilicus herringbone or short slit,with many marginal pits and reticulate ducts.Calcium oxalate cluster crystals are mostly gathered.Cork cells are yellowish brown and arranged neatly.The fibrous wall is thin,and the pore groove is obvious,and stone cells are occasionally seen.[Conclusions]Using character and microscopic identification method,it could accurately identify medicinal material of Aralia cordata,and provide reference basis for development and utilization of its resources.

Characterizations and identification of the candidate gene of rice thermo-sensitive genic male sterile gene tms5 by mapping

Previous study indicated that the thermo-sensitive genic malesterile(TGMS) gene in rice was regulated by temperature.TGMS rice plays an important role in hybrid rice production,because the application of the TGMS system in two-line breeding is laborsaving,timesaving,simple,inexpensive,efficient,and eliminating the limitations of the cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS) system.'AnnongS' is the first discovered and deeply studied TGMS rice lines in China.'AnnongS-1' and 'Y58S',two derivatives of TGMS line AnnongS,were both controlled by a single recessive gene named tms5,which was genetically mapped on chromosome 2.In this study,three populations('AnnongS-1' × 'Nanjing11','Y58S' × 'Q611',and 'Y58S' × 'Guanghui122') were developed and used for the molecular fine mapping of the tms5 gene.By analyzing recombination events in the sterile individuals using a total of 125 probes covering the tms5 region,the tms5 gene was physically mapped to a 19-kb DNA fragment between two markers 4039-1 and 4039-2,which were located on the BAC clone AP004039.After the construction of the physical map between two markers 4039-1 and 4039-2,a member(ONAC023) of the NAC(NAM-ATAF-CUC-related) gene family was identified as the candidate gene of the tms5 gene.

Hand-Written Chinese Characters Identification Input System

The hand-written Chinese characters reorganization input system, introduced by the Shenbi Electronics, Science and Technology Corporation Ltd. in Guangzhou, is made of advancedoverseas computer identification technology. It consists of an input board and identification software.

Identification of Tibetan Medical Material Dracocephalum tanguticum Maxim.

[Objectives]To explore morphological identification,macroscopical identification,microscopic identification,thin layer chromatography(TLC)identification of Tibetan medical material Dracocephalum tanguticum Maxim.,and provide experimental data for its identification and application.[Methods]The Tibetan medical material was identified by means of original plant,characters,powder,paraffin section and thin layer chromatography(TLC).[Results]Tibetan medical material D.tanguticum Maxim.was obviously distinguished in character identification and microscopic identification,and the TLC method was simple and feasible.[Conclusions]The results will provide the source work foundation for the formulation of the quality standard of Sichuan Province(draft)for Tibetan medicinal material"D.tanguticum Maxim."and the development of pharmaceutical preparations for medical institutions.

Preliminary Study on Quality Analysis of Yao Medicine Pileostegia tomentella Hand.-Mazz.

[Objectives]To establish a method for quality analysis of Medicine Pileostegia tomentella Hand.-Mazz.[Methods]According to the testing method of Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 Edition),the water content,total ash and alcohol-soluble extract of P.tomentella Hand.-Mazz.were determined.[Results]10 batches of P.tomentella Hand.-Mazz.from different habitats and in different collection time in Guangxi all had the same plant morphology and medicinal properties.The experimental results showed that the water content was 7.92%-10.35%,the total ash content was 5.53%-6.62%,the acid-insoluble ash content was 0.59%-0.76%,and the extract content was 11.63%-16.12%.[Conclusions]The identification method in this study can be used for the quality analysis of P.tomentella Hand.-Mazz.,and the experimental results can provide a scientific basis for the development and utilization of P.tomentella Hand.-Mazz.and the establishment of its quality standard.

Preliminary Study and Quality Analysis of Laggera alata

[Objectives]To establish a method for quality analysis of Laggera alata.[Methods]The water content,total ash and alcohol-soluble extract of Laggera alata were determined according to the method of 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.[Results]Ten batches of Laggera alata from different producing areas and different collection time in Guangxi had the same plant morphology and medicinal properties.The experimental results were as follows:the water content was 5.19%-10.86%;the total ash content was 5.91%-10.74%;the acid-insoluble ash content was 0.44%-0.92%;the extract content was 14.64%-19.95%.[Conclusions]The experimental results can provide scientific basis for the development and utilization of Laggera alata and the establishment of its quality standard.

Preliminary Study on Quality Analysis of Guangxi Zhuang Medicine Lysimachia foenum-graecum Hance

[Objectives]To establish a quality analysis method for Guangxi Zhuang medicine Lysimachia foenum-graecum Hance.[Methods]The moisture,total ash and alcohol-soluble extracts of L.foenum-graecum medicinal materials were determined in accordance with the inspection method of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015).[Results]The 10 batches of L.foenum-graecum medicinal materials from different origins and different collection times in Guangxi all had the same plant morphology and medicinal properties.The moisture content was 5.69%-10.51%,the total ash content was 5.50%-8.61%,the acid-insoluble ash content was 0.42%-0.78%,and the extract was 15.28%-20.75%.[Conclusions]This study is expected to provide a scientific basis for the development and utilization of L.foenum-graecum medicinal materials and the establishment of its quality standards.

Identification and characterization of genes involved in the jasmonate biosynthetic and signaling pathways in mulberry(Morus notabilis)

Jasmonate （JA） is an important phytohormone regulating growth, development, and environmental response in plants, particularly defense response against herbivorous insects. Recently, completion of the draft genome of the mulberry （Morus notabilis） in conjunction with genome sequencing of silkworm （Bombyx mori） provides an opportuni-ty to study this unique plant-herbivore interaction. Here, we identified genes involved in JA biosynthetic and signaling pathways in the genome of mulberry for the first time, with the majority of samples showing a tissue-biased expression pattern. The analysis of the representative genes 12-oxophy-todienoic acid reductase （OPRs） and jasmonate ZIM-domain （JAZs） was performed and the results indicated that the mulberry genome contains a relatively smal number of JA biosynthetic and signaling pathway genes. A gene encoding an＆amp;nbsp;important repressor, MnNINJA, was identified as an alternative splicing variant lacking an ethylene-responsive element binding factor-associated amphiphilic repression motif. Having this fundamental information wil facilitate future functional study of JA-related genes pertaining to mulberry-silkworm interactions.

On the Characterization and Fault Identification of Sequentially t-Diagnosable System Under PMC Model

Sequential diagnosis is a very useful strategy for system-level fault identification because of its lower cost of hardware.In this paper,the characterization of sequentially t-diagnosable system is given,and a tmiversal algorithm to seek faulty units in the system is developed.

Process mineralogy of Dalucao rare earth ore and design of beneficiation process based on AMICS

The test results of the automated mineral identification and characterization system(AMICS),including the mineral composition,particle size distribution,dissemination state and degree of liberation of the target minerals,could be used to improve the beneficiation process.Taking the Dalucao rare earth ore located in Dechang,Sichuan Province,China(with an average content of 2.40 wt%)as the research object in this paper,the chemical composition,phase composition and dissemination state of the minerals were tested by AMICS,and the minerals of different fineness were ground.The concentrate yield,grade and recovery rate of the minerals of different fineness were compared through flotation tests.When the grinding lasted for 5 min and 82.60%of mineral grains passed through the-74-μm sieve,the yield,grade and recovery rate could reach 20.19%,8.75%and 73.64%,respectively(as the best grinding fineness),under the same flotation conditions.