Exploring the characteristics of inquiry and the correlation with TCM syndromes about the patients with cardiovascular disease

目的:问诊在中医诊断中居首要地位,观察问诊信息的特征及其与中医证候之间的相关性能为中医证候识别模型及中医证候标准的建立提供重要依据.方法:我们利用自行研制的问诊量表,采集了3707例心血管疾病病例的问诊信息,分析问诊症状的分布特征,并基于频次分析、专家打分和相关分析等方法分析问诊症状与中医证候之间的相关性.结果:(1)频次分析和专家打分,与各证型相关性强的前50位的症状中,有41个症状相同.(2)通过相关分析,问诊症状与证型相关性系数由高到低排序,与专家打分的结果相一致.结论:问诊症状在中医辨证中起着重要作用,该研究能为心血管疾病中医辨证标准的建立提供一定的客观依据,为建立中医证候模型提供思路和方法.

Research on Correlation between TCM Syndrome Distribution Characteristics and Prognosis of Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage Operation

Objective: This study is to analyze correlation between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome distribution characteristics and prognosis of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) operation. Methods: In this study, a total of 150 patients who had received HICH operation from April, 2017 to December, 2020 in our hospital and conformed to inclusion standards were selected. According to classification of TCM syndromes, amount of bleeding of patients was recorded through multiple radiological technologies, baseline information was collected, and prognosis was investigated. The final event was long-term follow-up visit of all-cause mortalities. Moreover, correlation between prognosis and TCM syndromes was analyzed. Results: It found through investigations that there are no statistically significant differences in composition ratio of TCM syndromes among patients with different genders and different age ranges (P > 0.05). Among so many TCM syndromes, bleeding amount of patients with declining vitality and distraction is the highest, while bleeding amount of patients with stirring wind due to yin deficiency is the lowest. With respect NIHSS scores, the patients with declining vitality and distraction show the highest NIHSS scores at admission and 10 d of the course of the disease, followed by patients with upward disturbance of wind-fire. There are statistically significant differences among these two groups (P < 0.05). In this study, follow-up visits are performed to all 150 patients and the average follow-up visit time ranges within 2 - 15 months. A total of 13 deaths are reported. Number of all-cause deaths has statistically significant differences among different syndromes (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Evolutionary characteristics of TCM syndromes of HICH are manifested by development from evidence-based symptoms to deficiency syndromes. Different syndromes are correlated with prognosis of patients. On the one hand, this can be used as an objective index for TCM syndrome classification. On the other hand, this is conducive to judge prognosis recovery of patients and to apply the corresponding symptomatic treatment.

Clinical Characteristics of 42 SARS Patients and Their Treatment of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine

Objective:To understand the clinical manifestation of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and explore its effective treatment with integrative Chinese and western medicine (ICWM). Methods:The data of patients, whose diagnosis of SARS had been confirmed were summarized and analyzed, and clinical observation was conducted when the patients were treated with ICWM. Results:In the early stage of the 42 patients, the symptoms revealed were fever in 100% of SARS patients, headache in 92. 9%, aversion to cold in 76. 2%, chest stuffiness in 76. 2% , cough in 73. 8% and myalgia in 88.1%; pulmonary lesion involves >3 lobes in 42. 9%, 2 lobes in 47. 6% and 1 lobe in 9. 5%; 61. 9% of them showed liver function abnormality (increase of ALT or AST), 47. 6% showed elevated myocardial enzyme (CK or CK-MB) , 0. 48% showed an inclination of renal function (higher of BUN or Cr); in their T lymphocyte subsets, 91. 2% (31/34 patients) had lowered CD3 and 76. 5% (26/34 patients) lowered CD4/CD8 ratio. In the mid-late stage, the symptoms were lassitude and weakness in 85. 7%, scare in 81. 0%, short of breath or chest stuffiness in 71. 4%, loss of appetite in 64. 3%;light dark tongue proper in 52. 4%, yellow and white tongue coating in 45. 2%, and yellow thick coating on the middle-root part of the tongue in 21. 4%. Most of them were asymptomatic when discharged from hospital, with 92. 8% of their pulmonary lesion, according to chest film, completely absorbed and liver function, myocardial enzyme and renal function all normalized. However, of the 30 patients who had CD3 reexamination, 70% of the CD3 showed lower than normal range and 36. 7% showed their CD4/CD8 inclined to lower margin, follow-up should be done for these patients. Of the 42 patients, who received western medicine (WM) alone in the early stage and ICWM in the mid-late stage, 10 were severe cases and 3 critical cases, but none of them died. The mean defervescent time was 3. 52±0. 85 days, the time for complete absorption of pulmonary lesion judged by chest X-ray film was 26. 82±5. 98 days, and the mean hospitalization time was 33. 60±4. 37 days. Conclusion:The manifestation of SARS is multifarious, showing that there were damage in multiple organs. The T lymphocyte count percentage and its subsets, CD3 and CD4 /CD8 ratio, are valuable for early diagnosis and follow-up in the rehabilitation stage. Majority of the patients could be clinically cured. Combined treatment of WM and TCM according to syndrome differentiation and psychiatric intervention are beneficial to remit partial symptoms and promote rehabilitation.

TCM Treatment of 18 Cases of Sicca Syndrome with the Heat-Removing and Dampness-Eliminating Method

With rich clinic experience of over 30 years, the author have treated 18 cases of sicca syndrome with the heat-removing and dampness eliminating method, and obtained satisfactory therapeutic results. A report follows.……

Meta-analysis of the diagnosis and treatment of traditional medicine for acute coronary syndrome

The morbidity and mortality of acute coronary syndrome disease is extremely high and is the main cause of human death.As an important part of the wisdom of the Chinese nation,TCM plays an important role in treatment.By reviewing recent related research and reports on TCM theories,Chinese herbal formulas,Chinese and Western medicine treatment and other considerations,it aims to provide ideas and references for clinical treatment.

Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome:Clinical features,pathophysiology,diagnosis and treatment strategies

Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome(SRUS)is an uncommon benign disease,characterized by a combination of symptoms,clinical findings and histological abnormalities.Ulcers are only found in 40%of the patients;20%of the patients have a solitary ulcer,and the rest of the lesions vary in shape and size,from hyperemic mucosa to broad-based polypoid.Men and women are affected equally,with a small predominance in women.SRUS has also been described in children and in the geriatric population.Clinical features include rectal bleeding,copious mucus discharge,prolonged excessive straining,perineal and abdominal pain,feeling of incomplete defecation,constipation,and rarely,rectal prolapse.This disease has well-described histopathological features such as obliteration of the lamina propria by fibrosis and smooth muscle fibers extending from a thickened muscularis mucosa to the lumen.Diffuse collage deposition in the lamina propria and abnormal smooth muscle fiber extensions are sensitive markers for differentiating SRUS from other conditions.However,the etiology remains obscure,and the condition is frequently associated with pelvic floor disorders.SRUS is difficult to treat,and various treatment strategies have been advocated,ranging from conservative management to a variety of surgical procedures.The aim of the present review is to summarize the clinical features,pathophysiology,diagnostic methods and treatment strategies associated with SRUS.

Summary of Experience in Treating Hyperthyroidism with TCM Syndrome Differentiation

Syndrome differentiation is the characteristic and soul of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which has certain advantages in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. TCM mainly divides its syndrome differentiation into four types: exuberant liver fire type, yin deficiency and fire exuberant type, qi-yin deficiency type and phlegm stagnation type. This paper summarizes the treatment of hyperthyroidism by TCM syndrome differentiation, in order to provide some reference for the treatment of this disease.

Research progress of diabetes treatment guided by Traditional Chinese Medicine constitutional types

Diabetes and its complications seriously affect patients’life quality,and have a major impact on individuals,families,health systems,and national economies.Traditional Chinese Medicine constitution refers to the inherent characteristics of a relatively comprehensive and stable form,structure,physiological function,and psychological state formed under the combined effects of innate endowments and acquired in the course of an individual’s life.Many studies have shown that the constitution type is closely related to the incidence of diabetes,especially in the process of disease prevention and treatment.This article reviews the correlation of diabetes and its chronic complications with constitution types to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of diabetes based on syndrome differentiation.

Traditional Chinese medicine treatment of immune-related pneumonia caused by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors

With the wide application of immunotherapy drug PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor in China and the continuous clinical research,a major problem that we have to face is the immune-related pneumonia caused by PD-1/PD-L1.At present,western medicine mainly treated it by hormone therapy,which may cause side effects,such as obesity,osteoporosis and osteonecrosis for hormone therapy by long-term,and increase the patients'pain.Under the guidance of the theory of syndrome differentiation,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)advocates the methods of expelling wind and clearing away cold,resolving phlegm and relieving asthma,relieving heat from lung,and invigorating the spleen and tonifying the kidney,etc.Exact differentiation of symptoms and rational usage of drugs can play an important role in the early prevention and treatment of immune-related pneumonia,reflecting the important role of TCM in the prevention and treatment of side effects of new drugs.In order to provide an effective clinical reference for clinicians in the practice of using PD-1/PD-L1,this paper systematically reviewed the use of TCM in the treatment of immune-related pneumonia induced by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

基于治未病理论灸药同治对实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者骨髓抑制的预防作用

目的:基于治未病理论探讨灸药同治对实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者骨髓抑制的预防作用。方法:选取2019年1月至2022年1月于武汉科技大学附属武汉亚心总医院接受治疗的实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者120例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组常规接受化疗,观察组化疗前连续3 d给予灸药同治(艾灸+加味八珍汤)。比较治疗前、化疗后7 d 2组患者中医证候积分、血常规[血红蛋白(Hb)、白细胞计数(WBC)、血小板计数(PLT)、中性粒细胞计数(NEUT)]、生命质量[卡诺夫斯凯计分(KPS)、中国癌症患者生命质量(QOL_(2))调查问卷],比较化疗后7 d 2组患者骨髓抑制情况[发生率、严重程度、重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF)使用情况]。结果:化疗后7 d,2组患者中医证候积分升高,但观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);Hb、WBC、PLT、NEUT、KPS评分及QOL_(2)评分降低,但观察组高于对照组(均P<0.05);观察组骨髓抑制发生率、rhG-CSF使用率低于对照组,0、Ⅰ度比例高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论:基于治未病理论,灸药同治能够改善实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者临床症状及血常规,提高患者生命质量,减少骨髓抑制的发生。

中重度宫腔粘连应用中医临床决策系统效果分析

[目的]探讨中医临床决策系统在治疗中重度宫腔粘连(intrauterine adhesion,IUA)中的应用及效果。[方法]采用随机对照试验进行前瞻性研究,选择2022年1月至12月在杭州市某三级甲等中医院行宫腔镜下子宫粘连松解术的中重度IUA患者,根据是否通过中医优势病种临床决策系统进行辨证论治分为对照组(51例)、决策系统组(53例)、临床医师组(54例),比较3组患者治疗前后月经量改善、美国生育协会(American Fertility Society,AFS)评分、子宫内膜厚度、子宫内膜血流参数、中医伴随症候疗效。[结果]治疗后3组患者月经量比较,决策系统组、临床医师组较对照组均有显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),决策系统组与临床医师组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后3组患者宫腔AFS评分比较,决策系统组、临床医师组较对照组显著下降(P<0.01),决策系统组与临床医师组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后3组患者子宫内膜厚度显著增加,子宫内膜血流参数显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),但治疗前后组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后3组患者中医伴随症候疗效比较,临床医师组较对照组、决策系统组明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组与决策系统组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]中医临床决策系统用于中重度IUA的治疗可显著改善患者月经量,降低术后AFS评分,防止粘连再发生。

基于因子分析的重症肺炎患者抗生素应用前后中医证候特征变化规律

目的 采用因子分析法初步探讨重症肺炎(SP)患者抗生素应用前后中医证候特征变化规律。方法 纳入2020年1月至2022年6月该院重症医学科、肺病科、心病科等病房收治的SP患者335例,在不同时间点(入院、抗生素使用7 d、抗生素停用次日)均填写《SP中医证候采集表》,构建中医四诊信息数据库,应用因子分析法提取公因子。结果 SP患者抗生素应用前后的中医证候学主要特征均为本虚标实,涉及肺、脾、肾等多个脏腑,整体而言抗生素应用后的中医证候特点由实转虚。在入院、抗生素使用7 d、抗生素停用次日这3个不同时间点上依次提取11、14、15个公因子,入院时证候要点集中于热证、痰证等,抗生素使用7 d时证候要点集中于热证、毒证等,抗生素停用次日时证候要点集中于气虚、阴虚等,湿、热等可被视为SP的兼夹证。结论 SP的中医证型在抗生素应用前后呈动态演变特征,各证型在不同时间节点的分布有其各自特点。

雷火灸联合中药封包治疗暴聋患者临床研究

目的探讨雷火灸联合中药封包应用于暴聋患者的临床疗效。方法自2021年10月—2022年10月,根据纳入和排除标准选取于该院就诊的突发性耳聋(暴聋)患者,共计120例。严格依据随机数字表法将患者分入4组,各30例。对照组予以常规治疗,雷火灸组在对照组基础上联合雷火灸治疗,中药封包组在对照组基础上给予中药封包治疗,联合组则在对照组基础上予以中药封包+雷火灸治疗,所有患者持续治疗1周后进行疗效评价,治疗前后分别记录症状评分和生活质量评分。结果联合组总有效率显著高于其他各组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与治疗前比,各组患者治疗后主证、次证、舌象评分均下降;并且联合组患者治疗后主症、次症、舌象评分均低于其他3组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与治疗前比,各组患者治疗后简明健康测量量表评分上升;并且联合组简明健康测量量表评分高于其他各组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各组不良反应相比,差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论雷火灸联合中药封包治疗可以提高暴聋患者的临床疗效,改善中医证候及睡眠、生活状态,值得大力推广。

基于真实世界数据的青春期异常子宫出血用药规律研究

目的:通过对女童青春期异常子宫出血患儿临床实际诊疗病例资料进行数据挖掘分析其中药治疗的用药规律。方法:基于医院信息管理系统提取2020年1月至2022年12月首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院女童青春期异常子宫出血患儿的病历数据,分为止血期和调理期2个阶段,总结归纳其辨治规律。结果:纳入止血期663例患儿,1020例病历;调理期796例患儿,2047例病历。止血期涉及中药169味,排名前5位为侧柏炭、牡丹皮、小蓟、麸炒椿皮和白芍,性味以寒、苦药为最多,归经以肝经为最多,功效以止血、补虚类药物为最多;调理期涉及中药232味,排名前5位为当归、酒女贞子、炙淫羊藿、黄芪和生地黄,性味以温、甘药最多,归经以肝、肾经为最多,功效以补虚类为最多。聚类分析分别获得4类和5类核心药物组合。结论:真实世界临床数据显示肾阴亏虚、血热内扰为青春期异常子宫出血常见证型,治则先以止血为主,待崩漏缓解后,重在调补脾肾以复旧,组方注重止血、补虚、收涩和清热等药物的配伍应用。

中医辨证施护在糖尿病高危足病人中的干预效果

目的:观察中医辨证施护应用于糖尿病高危足的效果。方法:选取2021年10月—2022年12月医院收治的100例糖尿病高危足病人作为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组、观察组,每组50例,对照组实施常规护理干预,观察组在常规护理的基础上给予中医辨证施护干预,比较两组病人中医证候积分、糖尿病足发生率、心理状态[心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)评分]、自我效能[自我效能量表(CDSES)评分]。结果:干预后观察组病人肢体麻木、蚁行感、肢末刺痛、失眠心烦中医证候积分均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组病人糖尿病足发生率为6.00%,低于对照组的20.00%(P<0.05);干预后观察组病人CD-RISC量表各维度评分、总分及CDSES量表各维度评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:中医辨证施护可有效改善糖尿病高危足病人的中医证候积分,调节病人情绪状态,提高病人的自我效能,从而减少糖尿病足发生的风险。

基于“三因制宜”理念的中医辨证护理在全髋关节置换术患者中的应用效果分析

目的:观察“三因制宜”理念的中医辨证护理在全髋关节置换术患者中的应用效果。方法:将88例全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)患者按随机数字表法分为对照组和三因组各44例。对照组给予西医常规护理,三因组在对照组的基础上给予“三因制宜”理念的中医辨证护理。观察两组患者术前及术后6天视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA)评分、术后7天炎症指标[白细胞介素6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factorα,TNF-α)]、术后5个月Harris髋关节评分、并发症及护理满意度。结果:术后6天两组患者VAS和HAMA评分均低于术前(P<0.05),三因组低于对照组(P<0.05);术后7天两组患者血清IL-6、TNF-α水平均高于术前(P<0.05),三因组低于对照组(P<0.05);术后5个月,三因组患者Harris髋关节疼痛评分低于对照组(P<0.05),活动度、功能评分均高于对照组(P<0.05),畸形评分与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);三因组患者并发症总发生率为2.27%(1/44),低于对照组的13.64%(6/44)(P<0.05);三因组患者总满意度为95.45%(42/44),高于对照组的79.55%(35/44)(P<0.05)。结论:基于“三因制宜”理念的中医辨证护理可有效缓解THA患者疼痛,抑制炎症反应、改善髋关节功能,降低术后并发症,提高护理满意度。

洪桂医案的版本流传及证治特色述要

新安医家洪桂,家传世医,幼承家学,精通内科杂病。撰有《抑隅堂医案》,后以《洪桂医案选》入录于《新安医籍丛刊·医案医话类(三)》中,另一著作《月芬夫子医案》收入上海大学出版社2018年出版的《珍稀中医稿钞本丛刊·新安卷》。洪氏临证涉及内、外、妇、儿各科病证,方论严谨不离经典,紧密结合临床;重视气血,强调辨证,辨寒热、辨气血、辨虚实;固本培元,重视脾胃;喜用鲜药,用药轻灵,动静刚柔相配。洪桂学术思想及其临床经验对后世弟子及其后裔颇具影响。目前,中国知网仅有1篇相关研究文献,尚未能充分反映洪桂的相关学术思想。探究洪氏生平、著作概况、证治特色等方面,以期补充现有研究之不足,为现代临床辨治思路及用药提供参考。

类风湿关节炎与代谢综合征的中医诊疗特点

类风湿关节炎(Rheumatoid Arthritis,RA)与代谢综合征(Metabolic Syndrome,MS)均为慢性全身性疾病,RA早期表现为关节肿胀、疼痛甚至关节变形,患者出现一系列活动受限症状,其病理本质是滑膜的炎性病变。MS早期表现为体力降低,身体沉重,头脑发昏等,进而出现功能受损症状,其核心特征为胰岛素抵抗。但RA与MS进入疾病后期均可出现肢体肿胀,腰膝酸软,胸闷气短,心悸失眠等临床症状。笔者通过查阅相关研究文献及收集大量临床诊疗经验可得知,RA与MS发病的病因病机与肝、脾、肾三脏密切相关。肝失疏泄,肝失所养,脾失健运,脾气虚弱,肾精亏虚等均可导致RA与MS的发生。本文将首先从肝、脾、肾三脏的角度出发,着重探讨RA与MS的发病机制。此外,肝、脾、肾受损日久可导致病理产物痰、湿、瘀血的产生,痰、湿、瘀血痹阻关节筋骨可加重RA患者的疼痛,痹阻日久还可使患者代谢功能受损,进而导致MS的发生。故可得知RA与MS病因病机其本在肾,与肝脾关系密切,其标为痰、湿、瘀血,属于本虚标实之病。临床中采用肝脾肾同调,痰湿瘀共治的标本兼治,消补兼施的中医特色治疗,可达到较好的治疗效果。

从“毒”论治慢性肝病思路探讨

中医“毒邪”理论内涵丰富,“毒”与慢性肝病的发生发展密切相关,从“毒”论治是慢性肝病的重要治法。本文通过归纳古今文献阐释“毒”相关理论,结合临床经验认为“毒”在慢性肝病中具有偏性较强、毒性缠绵、复杂多变等致病特点,提出“毒使病生,毒致病进”观点,探讨从“毒”论治慢性肝病的思路,包括溯清毒源、厘清毒性、甄别毒变、扶正祛毒,以期为慢性肝病的临床治疗提供参考。

中药干预“双心疾病”临床研究进展

近年来,随着社会压力增加,“双心疾病”的患病率逐渐上升。西医以常规心血管药物联合抗抑郁或焦虑药物治疗为主。中医药具有多途径、多靶点、多机制、整体化和低毒性等特点,在干预“双心疾病”方面具有独特优势且临床疗效显著。但目前对本病的病机认识、临床诊断、辨证分型与治疗方法不尽相同。本文归纳相关文献,从中医角度综述“双心疾病”的病因病机、辨证治疗经验、临床研究情况等,以期为“双心疾病”的病证诊断、精准施治和提高疗效提供参考。