Multiple rapid-responsive probes for hypochlorite detection based on dioxetane luminophore derivatives

In recent years,various methods for detecting exogenous and endogenous hypochlorite have been studied,considering its essential role as a biomolecule.However,the existing technologies still pose obstacles such as their invasiveness,high costs,and complicated operation.In the current study,we developed a glow-type chemiluminescent probe,hypochlorite chemiluminescence probe(HCCL)-1,based on the scaffold of Schaap's 1,2-dioxetane luminophores.To better explore the physiological and pathological functions of hypochlorite,we modified the luminophore scaffold of HCCL-1 to develop several probes,including HCCL-2,HCCL-3,and HCCL-4,which amplify the response signal of hypochlorite.By comparing the luminescent intensities of the four probes using the IVIS®system,we determined that HCCL-2 with a limit of detection of 0.166 mM has enhanced sensitivity and selectivity for tracking hypochlorite both in vitro and in vivo.

Surface oxidation of carbon dots enables highly selective and sensitive chemiluminescence detection of hydroxyl radical

The rapid quantification of hydroxyl radical (·OH) in real samples is a great challenge due to its highly reactive nature and the potential interferences from other coexisting reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, a chemiluminescence (CL) probe (ox-CDs) was rationally developed for the detection of ·OH through controlled oxidation treatment of original CDs (o-CDs) with H_(2)O_(2). Post-oxidation of CDs can reduce the surface defects or functional groups on the CDs, exposing reactive sites capable of effectively reacting with ·OH. The chemical energy generated from redox reaction between ·OH and the ox-CDs can be efficiently utilized to generate strong and selective CL responses to ·OH without interferences from other ROS. Thus, a highly selective and sensitive CL method with a linear range from 0.01 to 150 μM and a detection limit of 3 nM was developed, which was successfully applied for monitoring the ·OH production from cigarette and mosquito coil smoke.

A High Selective Chemiluminescent Probe Derived from Iso-luminol Enabling High Sensitive Determination of Ferrous Ions in the Environmental Waters

A new chemiluminescence(CL)reagent named 4-amino-5-thiocyanato-phthalyl-hydrazine(iso-luminol-SCN)is synthesized by the bromide-mediated substitution reaction of iso-luminol with sodium thiocyanate in dimethyl formamide(DMF)at room temperature.Strong CL is observed for iso-luminol-SCN oxidized by hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)in the presence of Fe^(2+),with the CL intensity strongly depending on the concentration of Fe^(2+)and being hardly interferred by other common metal ions.Based on this fact,a flow injection CL method is established for the high sensitive and selective determination of Fe^(2+).The CL intensity was linearly correlated with the concentration of Fe^(2+)in the range of 1.0×10^(–8) mol·L^(-1) to 1.0×10^(–5) mol·L^(-1) following the equation CLnet=166.3c+57.7(c,×10^(–6) mol·L^(-1);n=7;R2=0.9988).The detection limit is calculated to be 3.2×10–9 mol·L^(-1) Fe^(2+)based on the 3S0/K principle.The relative standard deviation(RSD)was 3.7%for 1.0×10^(–6) mol·L^(-1) Fe^(2+)(n=11),a support for the precision of Fe^(2+)measurement.The recoveries of Fe^(2+)were obtained in the range of 98.8%—101.6%in three real water samples,showing the applicability and reliability by the proposed method.The possible CL mechanism is proposed based on the kinetic characteristic of the CL reaction and the CL spectrum.