Clinical value of chemiluminescence method for detection of antinuclear antibody profiles

BACKGROUND Antinuclear antibodies(ANAs)are crucial in diagnosing autoimmune diseases,mainly systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).This study aimed to compare the performance of chemiluminescence assay(CLIA)and line immunoassay(LIA)in detecting ANAs in patients with autoimmune diseases,evaluate their diagnostic accuracy for SLE,and develop a novel diagnostic model using CLIA-detected antibodies for SLE.Specimens from patients with autoimmune diseases and physical examination specimens were collected to parallel detect specific antibodies.Individual antibodies'diagnostic performance and a model combining multiple antibodies were assessed.The findings provide valuable insights into improving the diagnosis of SLE through innovative approaches.AIM To compare the performance of CLIA and LIA in detecting ANAs in patients with autoimmune diseases,assess their accuracy for SLE,and develop a novel diagnostic model using CLIA-detected antibodies for SLE.METHODS Specimens have been obtained from 270 patients with clinically diagnosed autoimmune disorders,as well as 130 physical examination specimens.After that,parallel detection of anti-double-stranded DNA(dsDNA)antibody,anti-histone(Histone)antibody,anti-nucleosome(Nuc)antibody,anti-Smith(Sm)antibody,anti-ribosomal P protein(Rib-P)antibody,anti-sicca syndrome A(Ro60)antibody,anti-sicca syndrome A(Ro52)antibody,anti-sicca syndrome(SSB)antibody,anticentromere protein B(Cenp-B)antibody,anti-DNA topoisomerase 1(Scl-70)antibody,anti-histidyl tRNA synthetase(Jo-1)antibody,and anti-mitochondrial M2(AMA-M2)antibody was performed using CLIA and LIA.The detection rates,compliance rates,and diagnostic performance for SLE were compared between the two methodologies,followed by developing a novel diagnostic model for SLE.RESULTS CLIA and LIA exhibited essentially comparable detection rates for anti-dsDNA antibody,anti-Histone antibody,anti-Nuc antibody,anti-Sm antibody,anti-Rib-P antibody,anti-Ro60 antibody,anti-Ro52 antibody,anti-SSB antibody,anti-Cenp-B antibody,anti-DNAScl-70 antibody,anti-Jo-1 antibody and anti-AMA-M2 antibody(P>0.05).The two methods displayed identical results for the detection of anti-dsDNA antibody,anti-Histone antibody,anti-Nuc antibody,anti-Sm antibody,anti-Ro60 antibody,anti-Ro52 antibody,anti-SSB antibody,anti-Cenp-B antibody,anti-Scl-70 antibody,and anti-AMA-M2 antibody(Kappa>0.7,P<0.05),but showed a moderate agreement for the detection of anti-Rib-P antibody and anti-Jo-1 antibody(Kappa=0.671 and 0.665;P<0.05).In addition,the diagnostic performance of these antibodies detected by both methods was similar for SLE.The diagnostic model's area under the curve values,sensitivity,and specificity,including an anti-dsDNA antibody and an anti-Ro60 antibody detected by CLIA,were 0.997,0.962,and 0.978,respectively.These values were higher than the diagnostic performance of individual antibodies.CONCLUSION CLIA and LIA demonstrated excellent overall consistency in detecting ANA profiles.A diagnostic model based on CLIA-detected antibodies can successfully contribute to developing a novel technique for detecting SLE.

高强韧性轮辋用490CL车轮钢焊接开裂失效分析

采用闪光对焊制成的490CL车轮钢轮辋在扩口成型工序,从焊缝处开裂失效。通过宏观、微观断口形貌观察,化学成分和力学性能检测,显微组织检验,显微硬度测试及能谱成分分析,对高强韧性轮辋用490CL车轮钢焊接开裂原因进行分析。结果表明,焊缝开裂处存在一定面积的以氧化锰为主的焊接“灰斑”,降低了焊缝塑性,导致焊接好的轮辋在扩口成型时从焊缝融合线处开裂。从降低闪光留量、增加顶锻压强等方面调整焊接工艺参数,改善轮辋用490CL车轮钢焊缝质量,轮辋成型时焊缝开裂比率从1.5%降低至0.3%。

创伤性膝骨关节炎患者血清CX3CL1、Apelin-13与炎症指标的相关性及预后价值

目的 探索创伤性膝骨关节炎(PTOA)患者血清趋化因子CX3CL1及脂肪细胞因子-13(Apelin-13)的表达水平,并分析二者与炎症指标的相关性及预后价值。方法 选取2020年1月至2022年2月在该院确诊的65例PTOA患者作为试验组,选取同期来该院体检的55例体检健康者作为对照组。通过酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清CX3CL1与Apelin-13的表达水平。Pearson法相关性分析血清CX3CL1与Apelin-13与炎症指标的相关性。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析CX3CL1与Apelin-13对PTOA患者预后的诊断价值。多因素Logistic回归分析PTOA患者预后不良的影响因素。结果 与对照组相比,试验组中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、瘦素、降钙素原(PCT)、超敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、CX3CL1的表达水平显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Apelin-13的表达水平显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson法相关性分析显示,CX3CL1与IL-6、瘦素、TNF-α呈正相关(r=0.528、0.602、0.511,P<0.001)。Apelin-13与IL-6呈负相关(r=-0.541,P<0.001);多因素Logistic回归分析显示IL-6、瘦素、TNF-α、CX3CL1与Apelin-13是PTOA患者预后不良的影响因素(P<0.05);ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分析显示,与血清CX3CL1和Apelin-13单独指标相比,CX3CL1联合Apelin-13预测预后不良的AUC更大(Z_(联合)-CX3CL1=2.010,P=0.044;Z_(联合)-Apelin-13=2.091,P=0.036)。结论 PTOA患者血清CX3CL1表达水平显著升高,Apelin-13表达水平显著降低,CX3CL1与Apelin-13是PTOA预后不良的影响因素,二者联合检测对于PTOA的预后提供帮助。

Highly sensitive chemiluminescence technology for protein detection using aptamer-based rolling circle amplification platform

A robust, selective and highly sensitive chemiluminescent （CL） platform for protein assay was presented in this paper. This novel CL approach utilized rolling circle amplification （RCA） as a signal enhancement technique and the 96-well plate as the immobilization and separation carrier. Typically, the antibody immobilized on the surface of 96-well plate was sandwiched with the protein target and the aptamer-primer sequence. This aptamer-primer sequence was then employed as the primer of RCA. Based on this design, a number of the biotinylated probes and streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase （SA-HRP） were captured on the plate, and the CL signal was amplified. In summary, our results demonstrated a robust biosensor with a detection limit of 10 fM that is easy to be established and utilized, and devoid of light source. Therefore, this new technique .will broaden the perspective for future development of DNA-based biosensors for the detection of other protein biomarkers related to clinical diseases, by taking advantages of high sensitivity and selectivity.

Comparison of chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay based on magnetic microparticles with traditional colorimetric ELISA for the detection of serum α-fetoprotein

A chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay based on magnetic microparticles (MmPs-CLEIA) was developed to evaluate serum a-fetoprotein (AFP) in parallel with traditional colorimetric enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).A systematic comparison between the MmPs-CLEIA and colorimetric ELISA concluded that the MPs-CLEIA exhibited fewer dosages of immunoreagents,less total assay time,and better linearity,recovery,precision,sensitivity and validity.AFP was detected in forty human serum samples by the proposed MPs-CLEIA and ELISA,and the results were compared with commercial electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) kit.The correlation coefficient between MPs-CLEIA and ELISA was obtained with R 2 0.6703;however,the correlation between MPs-CLEIA and ECLIA (R 2 0.9582) was obviously better than that between colorimetric ELISA and ECLIA (R 2 0.6866).

滇水金凤4CL基因的克隆及表达分析

【目的】4-香豆酰-CoA连接酶(4CL)作为苯丙烷类代谢途径的关键酶之一,对花青素合成起着重要作用。探究滇水金凤4CL基因(命名为Iu4CL)对滇水金凤花色调控的分子机理,为其花色调控及花色育种提供参考依据。【方法】以滇水金凤为材料,采用RT-PCR技术分离克隆Iu4CL1、Iu4CL2、Iu4CL3和Iu4CL4基因,并对其生物信息学进行分析;通过qRT-PCR技术对4CL基因在4种不同花色(白色、粉色、红色和深红色)及其4个不同花发育时期(花苞期S1、始花期S2、盛花期S3和谢花期S4)中的表达情况进行分析。【结果】Iu4CL1、Iu4CL2、Iu4CL3和Iu4CL4的cDNA全长分别为1620、1653、1698、1638 bp,分别编码539、550、565、545个氨基酸;其中Iu4CL1和Iu4CL2分别含有2个和4个内含子,Iu4CL3和Iu4CL4没有内含子。生物信息学分析表明,Iu4CL1、Iu4CL2和Iu4CL4为稳定蛋白,Iu4CL3为不稳定蛋白;4个基因均为无信号肽疏水性蛋白;Iu4CL2有3个跨膜结构,其余3个基因均不存在跨膜结构;Iu4CL基因4个拷贝均属于AMP结合酶超级家族和腺苷酸形成域I类超级家族。同源性分析表明,Iu4CL基因的4个拷贝均与喜马拉雅凤仙花的同源性最高;且Iu4CL1和Iu4CL2处于同一个大的分支中,而Iu4CL3和Iu4CL4处于另一个大的分支中,推测可能为旁系同源。qRT-PCR分析表明,Iu4CL基因的4个拷贝在4种不同花色和4个不同花发育时期的滇水金凤花器官中均有表达,其中Iu4CL1和Iu4CL3基因在白色花器官S3(盛花期)阶段表达量最高;Iu4CL2基因在红色花器官S3(盛花期)阶段表达量达到顶峰;Iu4CL4基因在深红色花器官S3(盛花期)阶段表达量最高。【结论】Iu4CL基因可能在滇水金凤花青素生物合成中发挥重要作用。

Clinical significance of leukocyte chemiluminescence in patients with coronary heart diseases

In the present investigation,measurement of leukocyte chemiluminescence (CL) wasundertaken using micro-whole blood assay in 76 patients with coronary heart diseases (CHDs).The findings showed that there was a significant increase in leukocyte CL in patients with un-stable angina pectoris (UAP) and acute myocardial infarction (AM1) (P【0.01) and the in-crease was greater in AMI than that in UAP (P【0,01).It was found that leukocyte CL inAMI was correlated with the extent of the infarct and increased with the size of the infarct.Leukocyte CL in AMI patients who had received fibrinolytic treatment was markedly greaterthan that before treatment (P【0.05),suggesting that leukocytes may play an important rolein the pathogenesis of CHDs and may be involved in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion induced in-jury.The findings of the present study demonstrate that measurement of leukocyte CL may beof benefits for prognosis and treatment of CHDs.

部分浸泡再生混凝土Mg^(2+)-SO_(4)^(2-)-Cl^(-)复合盐侵蚀耐久性损伤特征与机制

为系统研究与揭示西北地区部分掩埋再生混凝土(RAC)结构耐久性损伤特征与机制,以浓度为20%的复合盐溶液为侵蚀介质,开展了14种掺辅助胶凝材料RAC部分浸泡于复合盐溶液的耐久性试验,综合分析RAC动弹性模量、宏观与微观形貌、侵蚀产物物相组成与相对含量的经时变化规律。部分浸泡RAC沿纵向高度分为饱和区、气-液两相界面区、水分传输区及干燥区。侵蚀初期气-液两相界面区损伤程度高于饱和区;侵蚀中后期饱和区的损伤持平或超过气-液两相界面区,水分传输区损伤初现。饱和区侵蚀状态由初期的化学侵蚀转变为中后期的化学-物理双重侵蚀,气-液两相界面区在侵蚀期间均呈现出化学-物理双重侵蚀。化学侵蚀产物为水镁石、硬石膏/石膏、钙矾石、Friedel盐及碱式氯化镁;物理结晶盐包含氯镁石、白钠镁矾、氯化钠、水合硫酸镁、Na_(2)SO_(4)及芒硝,各侵蚀产物与结晶盐的相对含量均随浸泡时间延长而改变。侵蚀后期,Na_(2)SO_(4)和芒硝相互转化使RAC物理力学性能急速退化。粉煤灰-矿渣复掺RAC抗侵蚀性能整体较好,粉煤灰-硅灰复掺最差,后者在浸泡时间180 d时抗压强度损失率高于60%。矿渣-硅灰-偏高岭土三掺RAC耐久性显著高于粉煤灰-矿渣-偏高岭土三掺,后者在侵蚀180 d时已经溃散。四掺辅助胶凝材料RAC性能衰减速度均匀,但抗侵蚀性能仍处于较低水平,相同浸泡时间下,其耐久性指标均与粉煤灰-矿渣复掺RAC差距较大。

Chemiluminescence Determination of Tetracycline and Oxytetracycline in Pharmaceutical Preparations Using Ru(bipy)_3^(2+)-Cerium(Ⅳ) System

A new chemiluminescence (CL) method for the determination of tetracycline and oxytetracycline is developed, hased on the CL reaction of tetracycline and oxytetracycline with Ru(bipy)_3~2+ and Ce(IV). In sulfuric acid medium, the CL emission is generated upon continuous oxidation of Ru(bipy)_3~2+ by cerium (IV ). The emission intensity is greatly enhanced when tetracycline and oxytetracycline are introduced into the reaction system after acid degradation. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration curves are linear over the range of 8. 0 X 10^-8^-4. 0 X 10^-6 mol/L for tetracycline and of 2. 0 X 10^-7~4. 0 X 10^-5 mol/L for oxytetracycline, with the detection limits are 4. 2 X 10^-8 mol/L for tetracycline and 1. 5 X 10^-7 mol/L for oxytetracycline, respectively. The proposed method was used for the determination of tetracycline and oxytetracycline in pharmaceutical formulations with good results.

含Cl反应力场ReaxFF的评估

为考察反应分子力场ReaxFF对高氯酸铵(AP)推进剂材料模拟的适应性,从文献中选取了两种含C/H/O/N/Cl有机反应力场,对AP系统中含Cl的典型小分子进行结构和能量扫描计算,并对AP高温裂解过程进行了反应分子动力学模拟。通过对比反应力场与量子力学计算结果发现,现有的含Cl有机反应力场在计算HCl以及部分含H、Cl元素的小分子能量时表现较好,但无法合理描述含高价Cl小分子以及含N、O元素小分子的化学键形成和断裂行为。根据力场分子动力学模拟结果的物种分析,现有的反应力场模拟获得了H_(2)O、O_(2)、NH_(3)、HCl等产物小分子,但未能复现ClO_(2)、HClO 4等高价Cl产物以及NO_(2)、N_(2)O的生成,与实验观测有显著差距。

纳米HNS@CL-20-DNB共晶炸药核壳复合物的制备及其性能研究

高能单质含能材料六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20)由于机械感度过高,限制了其在军事领域的广泛应用。以硬脂酸修饰的纳米六硝基茋(HNS)为表面活性剂,CL-20和1,3-二硝基苯(DNB)的乙酸乙酯溶液为油相,在超声波辅助作用下制备稳定的Pickering乳液,研究了纳米HNS的界面性质、改性纳米HNS的用量及乳液的静置时间对乳液稳定性的影响规律,成功制备纳米HNS@CL-20-DNB共晶炸药核壳复合物,并对复合物的形貌、结构、热分解性能及安全性能进行表征。结果表明:改性HNS含量为10%~20%,静置时间小于200 min时,可以制备均匀稳定的Pickering乳液;核壳复合物粒径约为5μm左右,表面包覆一层改性纳米HNS;由于共晶结构,复合物的热分解峰温为247.7℃,其热分解放热峰温较原料CL-20提高了7.9℃;复合物的特性落高H_(50)为43 cm,摩擦感度爆炸概率为36%,相较于原料CL-20,安全性能大幅提升。本研究所采用的制备方法安全简单且组分无非含能材料,理论上未降低核壳复合物的能量,有望为含CL-20的复合炸药的设计和制备提供新思路,提升CL-20在军事领域的适用性。

静电组装低感度CL-20@GO核壳复合材料的制备及性能研究

为降低六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20)的机械感度,提高其综合性能,以3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APS)为改性剂对CL-20改性,以氧化石墨烯(GO)为包覆材料,利用静电自组装方法对改性CL-20炸药进行表面包覆,制备得到CL-20@GO核壳复合材料;采用水接触角测试、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等对样品进行形貌表征;利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)测试其热性能,并测试了其机械感度。结果表明,经质量分数5%的APS溶液改性的CL-20成功引入氨基基团,亲水性效果最佳;GO层包覆改性CL-20完整,致密性强;与原料CL-20相比,CL-20@GO核壳复合材料的活化能提高了63.0kJ/mol,撞击感度(H 50)由13.0cm提升至23.5cm,摩擦感度由100%降至24%,表明采用静电自组装的GO涂层可以明显降低CL-20的感度。

氟橡胶包覆对CL-20机械感度及爆轰特性的影响研究

为研究CL-20晶体表面钝化对安全及爆轰性能的影响,采用氟橡胶F2311作为黏结剂,基于水悬浮法对比研究了CL-20包覆前、后的机械感度及爆轰性能变化规律。实验结果表明:F2311包覆可以显著改善CL-20材料的表面缺陷;在-20、0、20、40°C与80°C条件下,F2311包覆可明显提高CL-20的临界撞击能与临界摩擦载荷;在-40℃环境下,包覆对CL-20临界撞击能与临界摩擦载荷无影响,原因可能与包覆材料的玻璃化转变温度有关;包覆后样品的实测爆热与爆速可达到5612.03 kJ/kg和8975.81m/s,与CL-20相比分别减小了8.70%和2.39%。研究结论对CL-20的安全储存、使用和高效能量输出具有一定的参考价值。

含铜低碳钢在不同pH值的Cl^(-)环境中的腐蚀性能研究

为探究含铜低碳钢在不同pH值条件下的腐蚀规律,采用电化学工作站和金相显微镜对不同pH值的NaCl环境中的普通耐候钢(Q345)、含铜低碳钢(0Cu3Cr)和船体含铜低碳钢(0CuAl)的极化曲线、交流阻抗谱和微观形貌进行分析,观察在不同pH值的NaCl环境中的含铜钢与低碳钢的腐蚀性能差异。结果表明:在NaCl环境中,pH=12时3种试样的自腐蚀电位较高,0Cu3Cr和0CuAl的腐蚀过程受阳极溶解反应控制,而Q345受阴极反应控制,Q345和0Cu3Cr在pH=6时的自腐蚀电位略大于pH=8时的;3种试样在pH=12的NaCl环境中的电荷转移电阻值最大;pH=6时0Cu3Cr表面的点蚀坑较小且数量较少,pH=8时表面点蚀坑较大且数量较多;0CuAl在pH=8时的耐蚀性比pH=6时的好。

CL65车轮钢滚动疲劳磨损研究

利用双盘滚动磨损实验机对CL65车轮钢与U75V钢轨钢进行滚动磨损实验,研究CL65车轮钢表面出现的疲劳磨损现象。实验表明:CL65车轮钢的磨损情况由黏着磨损不断向疲劳磨损过渡。机加工表面细晶层主要出现在磨损的初始阶段,疲劳磨损裂纹的形成和扩展出现在细晶层内或细晶层与基体的界面,导致了细晶层的早期疲劳剥离。随着磨损周次的不断增加,原始片状珠光体和先共析铁素体,基体区域表层的塑性变形不断加剧,当塑性应变过大时,疲劳裂纹开始萌生,并逐渐开始向先共析铁素体区域、渗碳体与共析铁素体界面扩展。

含CL-20的微孔发射药的设计及性能研究

为了研究六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20)含量及微孔结构对发射药性能的影响,采用超临界发泡工艺设计并制备了含CL-20的微孔发射药。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了发射药的形貌结构,通过密闭爆发器实验、简支梁冲击仪和摩擦感度仪等研究了发射药的燃烧性能、力学性能和感度。结果表明:CL-20颗粒均匀地分散在样品表面及内部,样品内部形成了大量尺寸为0.08~2.00μm的泡孔;CL-20颗粒的加入降低了样品的力学性能,CL-20含量越高,样品的抗冲击强度与拉伸强度降低得越明显;随着CL-20含量的增加,样品的摩擦感度和静电感度会随之升高,燃速也会得到一定程度的提高;经发泡改性后的样品的力学性能弱于未经发泡改性的样品;发泡工艺能够抑制因CL-20含量上升而导致的感度上升;经过发泡后的样品,燃烧性能得到了显著提升,样品的L-B(相对动态活度-相对压力)曲线在B为0~0.10范围内即出现急速上升趋势,L在B为0.14~0.18范围内达到最大,CL-20质量分数为15%和20%时,L_(max)分别为14.39 MPa^(-1)·s^(-1)和9.70 MPa^(-1)·s^(-1)。

Pickering乳液自组装CL-20/n-Al/F2605复合空心微球的制备与性能

高能量、高爆热的六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20)/Al复合物由于自身的高感度而限制了在炸药领域的广泛应用。为制备高能量和高安全性的CL-20/Al含能复合材料,采用Pickering乳液法制备了空心球形CL-20/n-Al/F2605(氟橡胶)复合物,并对Pickering乳液稳定性、复合物表面结构、热分解、燃烧及安全性能进行了分析。结果显示:当2 mL乙酸乙酯中溶解的CL-20固体质量为0.10~0.14 g、油水质量比在1:5~1:7之间、超声时间小于30 min、静置时间小于120 min时,形成的乳液稳定性好。该复合物表面结构粗糙,中位径d_(50)为73.17μm,各组分复合均匀。复合物的热分解峰温和活化能分别为236.7℃、164.6 kJ/mol,n-Al和F2605降低了CL-20分解过程中21.2%的活化能。复合物平均线性燃速为7.14 cm/s;特性落高H_(50)为39.5 cm,和原料CL-20相比提升了26.5 cm,安全性能得到提高。

母代孕期应激在损伤成年子代认知功能中对CX3CL1/CX3CR1轴的影响

背景孕期应激可损害子代发育过程中中枢神经系统之间的交流,而CX3CL1/CX3CR1轴在神经元-小胶质细胞间建立了一个独特的通讯系统。目的明确孕期应激在损伤子代认知功能中是否对CX3CL1/CX3CR1轴产生影响并探究其作用机制。方法将12只SD孕鼠随机分为应激组和对照组,每组6只,应激组在孕15~21 d进行限制性应激,对照组正常饲养。用旷场、高架十字迷宫、新物体识别及Y迷宫四种行为学实验评估成年子代认知功能,ELISA检测母代及子代糖皮质激素,免疫荧光染色、Western blot检测子代海马CX3CL1、CX3CR1、Iba-1表达情况。结果母代孕期应激组及子代糖皮质激素升高(P<0.05)。母代孕期应激组子代在旷场实验中,中央区滞留时间与对照组相比减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在高架十字迷宫中进入开放臂次数和滞留时间与对照组相比减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),表现出焦虑样行为;在新物体识别实验中识别指数降低(P<0.05),表现出学习记忆能力下降;在Y迷宫实验中对新异臂的识别减少(P<0.05),表现出空间记忆能力下降。母代孕期应激组子代小胶质细胞激活Iba-1表达升高,CX3CR1表达升高,CX3CL1表达下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论孕期应激损害成年子代认知功能可能与CX3CL1/CX3CR1通讯障碍有关。

CX3CL1/CX3CR1调控小胶质细胞功能的研究进展

随着社会老龄化的增加,神经退行性疾病(如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病等)和脑血管疾病(如脑出血、脑梗死等)对人类的生活产生了极大的影响。神经炎症被认为在神经退行性疾病和脑血管疾病的发生发展中起着主要作用,是一个具有潜在价值的治疗靶点^([1])。神经炎症在人体中具有双重作用,它本身是一种防御机制,可以去除病原体进而保护机体;然而,持续的炎症反应可诱发神经毒性与神经变性,不利于机体的恢复^([2])。小胶质细胞是大脑中释放炎症因子的主要细胞,被认为是神经炎症主要的病理特征^([3])。小胶质细胞广泛分布于大脑和脊髓,是中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)中唯一具有单核巨噬细胞功能的固有免疫细胞,因而是CNS最主要的一道免疫防线^([4])。在正常生理条件下,小胶质细胞通过伸展和收缩突起连续监测周围环境和脑内稳态的改变,发挥着免疫监视的作用^([5])。

316L不锈钢在Cl^(-)与SO_(4)^(2-)协同作用下的腐蚀行为研究

为了降低腐蚀对海洋油气管道正常运行的危害,利用电化学试验中的交流阻抗技术以及循化极化技术研究了模拟南海海洋环境中Cl^(-)与SO_(4)^(2-)的协同作用对316L不锈钢腐蚀行为的影响,并结合扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对316L不锈钢表面的腐蚀形貌进行表征。结果表明,当SO_(4)^(2-)含量恒定时,Cl^(-)含量的升高会使容抗弧半径、极化电阻R_(p)以及点蚀电位E_(b)均降低,当Cl^(-)含量从0升至50 g/L时,316L不锈钢表面出现了明显的腐蚀情况。当Cl^(-)含量恒定时,SO_(4)^(2-)含量的升高会使容抗弧半径、R_(p)以及E_(b)值均减小,同时试件表面的腐蚀坑直径扩大,深度出现逐渐加深的情况。