Efficacy of continuous arterial perfusion chemotherapy combined with transarterial chemoembolization regional arterial thermal perfusion in the treatment of pancreatic cancer with liver metastases

Background:The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of continuous transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer with liver metastasis.Methods:Sixty patients with advanced pancreatic cancer and liver metastases were enrolled in this study.In the treatment group,31patients underwent continuous transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with TACE regional arterial thermal perfusion,whereas 29 patients included in the control group received intravenous chemotherapy with gemcitabine and S-1.All patients received maintenance chemotherapy with S-1 after 4 cycles of the study regimen.Treatment efficacy,quality of life,survival,and toxicity were evaluated.Results:Efficacy was better in the treatment group than in the control group,as reflected by the objective remission,partial remission,and disease progression rates(all P<0.05).The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group and Numerical Rating Scale pain scores were also higher in the treatment group(both P<0.05).In survival analysis,the 1-year overall survival rates in the treatment and control groups were64.516%and 10.345%,respectively,whereas the median overall survival times were 16 and 6 months,respectively(both P<0.05).The6-month progression-free survival rates in the treatment and control groups were 77.419%and 13.790%,respectively,and the median progression-free survival times were 12 and 3 months,respectively(both P<0.05).The rates of hematological and nonhematological toxicological adverse effects were also lower in the treatment group(both P<0.05).Although the rate of liver dysfunction was higher in the treatment group,this finding had no adverse effects on prognosis.Conclusions:Continuous transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with TACE regional arterial perfusion chemotherapy resulted in better efficacy and safety outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer and liver metastasis,suggesting its utility as a reference method for the clinical treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer.

Effects of cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy on prognosis of patients with advanced gallbladder cancer

BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer(GC)is a common malignant tumor and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide.It is typically highly invasive,difficult to detect in the early stages,and has poor treatment outcomes,resulting in high mortality rates.The available treatment options for GC are relatively limited.One emerging treatment modality is hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC).HIPEC involves delivering heated chemotherapy directly into the abdominal cavity.It combines the strategies of surgical tumor resection and localized chemotherapy administration under hyperthermic conditions,aiming to enhance the concentration and effectiveness of drugs within the local tumor site while minimizing systemic toxicity.AIM To determine the effects of cytoreductive surgery(CRS)combined with HIPEC on the short-term prognosis of patients with advanced GC.METHODS Data from 80 patients treated at the Punan Branch of Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine between January 2018 and January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.The control group comprised 44 patients treated with CRS,and the research group comprised 36 patients treated with CRS combined RESULTS The baseline data of the research and control groups were similar(P>0.05).Six days after surgery,the alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,total bilirubin,and direct bilirubin levels significantly decreased compared to the preoperative levels in both groups(P<0.05).However,the values did not differ between the two groups six days postoperatively(P>0.05).Similarly,the postoperative creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels were significantly lower than the preoperative levels in both groups(P<0.05),but they did not differ between the groups six days postoperatively(P>0.05).Furthermore,the research group had fewer postoperative adverse reactions than the control group(P=0.027).Finally,a multivariate Cox analysis identified the tumor stage,distant metastasis,and the treatment plan as independent factors affecting prognosis(P<0.05).The three-year survival rate in the study group was higher than that in the control group(P=0.002).CONCLUSION CRS combined with HIPEC lowers the incidence of adverse reactions and improves survival in patients with advanced GC.

Effect of systemic intravenous chemotherapy combined with regional arterial perfusion chemoembolization on the malignancy of locally advanced gastric cancer

Objective:To study the effect of systemic intravenous chemotherapy combined with regional arterial perfusion chemoembolization on the malignancy of locally advanced gastric cancer. Methods:A total of 90 patients with primary gastric cancer who received treatment in Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science & Technology between January 2014 and May 2016 were collected and divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method, 45 cases in each group. The control group of patients received routine systemic intravenous chemotherapy + surgical treatment, and the observation group of patients received systemic intravenous chemotherapy combined with local arterial perfusion chemoembolization + surgical treatment. Levels of tumor markers and angiogenesis factors in serum as well as the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in gastric cancer tissue were compared between the two groups of patients before and after chemotherapy.Results:Before chemotherapy, the levels of tumor markers and angiogenesis factors in serum as well as the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in gastric cancer tissue were not significantly different between the two groups of patients;after chemotherapy, serum CEA, CA724, CA242, AFP, VEGF, Ang-2, COX2 and PD-ECGF levels of observation group were lower than those of control group, andiASPP, p130Cas, ERBB2 and C-myc mRNA expression in gastric cancer tissue were lower than those of control group while GKN1, p16, PTEN, TSPYL5 and merlin mRNA expression in gastric cancer tissue were higher than those of control group.Conclusions: Preoperative systemic intravenous chemotherapy combined with regional arterial perfusion chemoembolization can effectively reduce the malignancy of locally advanced gastric cancer and provide favorable conditions for the operation.

A Totally Absorbable Multilayer PLGA Implant Device Containing Doxorubicin Inhibited Tumor Growth and Metastasis without Systemic Toxicity in Murine Breast Cancer and an Ideal Pharmacological Paradigm for Regional Chemotherapy

We hypothesize that a cylinder implant made of multilayer Poly-lactic-co-glycolic-acid (PLGA) membrane can be a method for controlled and extended drug release. We fashioned a multilayer cylindrical implant termed STID100 that released doxorubicin for 3 weeks in an orthotopic 4T1 breast cancer model in Balb/C mice. This implant starts as a thin doxorubicin-embedded PLGA membrane, and is then rolled into a cylinder containing an air gap between the membrane layers. Its controlled sustained release delivered 2× the amount of the intravenous (IV) equivalent of doxorubicin, inhibited the primary tumor, and prevented lung metastasis. Importantly it did not cause weight loss, splenomegaly, or cardiac toxicity vs systemically administrated doxorubicin. This favorable safety profile is further substantiated by the finding of no detectable plasma doxorubicin in multiple time points during the 3-week period, and low tumor doxorubicin concentration. The implant system delivered to the specification of an ideal pharmacological paradigm might offer a better coverage of the local tumor, significantly preventing metastatic spread with less drug toxicity to many vital organs, compared to the traditional pharmacology of IV route. The profile of STID made it an attractive therapeutic alternative in metastatic tumor prevention, pain management and many other diverse clinical scenarios.

Application of Regional Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy in Advanced Gastric Cancer

Gastric cancer ranks as the fifth most common malignant tumor worldwide and is the third most common cause of cancer-related death. For advanced gastric cancer (AGC), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) can reduce its stage, increase the rate of radical resection, improve response to treatment, reduce the risk of local recurrence and improve survival rate. Regional arterial infusion chemotherapy (RAIC) is a form of NAC that involves directly injecting chemotherapeutic drugs into the tumor site through the tumor-feeding artery. RAIC increases the local drug concentration around the tumor, thereby improving the therapeutic responses and reducing the adverse effects of the drugs. In recent years, RAIC has attracted increasing attention. This article summarizes the basic principles, procedure, chemotherapy regimens, adverse drug reactions and complications, clinical applications and response evaluation of RAIC in the treatment of AGC.

Effect of hyperthermia perfusion chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy on the expression and secretion of malignant molecules in advanced bladder cancer

Objective: To study the effect of hyperthermia perfusion chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy on the expression and secretion of malignant molecules in advanced bladder cancer. Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with advanced bladder cancer in Gongan County People's Hospital between March 2015 and December 2017 were chosen and randomly divided into two groups, experimental group accepted hyperthermia perfusion chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy, and control group accepted routine infusion chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy. The expression levels of proliferation and invasion genes in the lesions as well as the secretion of cytokines in the urine were measured before chemotherapy and 3 months after chemotherapy. Results: Livin, Bcl-2, TRAP1 and MMP9 mRNA expression in lesions as well as VEGF, TGF-β1, MCP-1 and CEACAM1 secretion in urine of both groups after chemotherapy were lower than those before chemotherapy whereas Bad, LRIG3, Beclin1, KLF4, CHD13 and E-cadherin mRNA expression in lesions as well as IFN-γ and IL-2 secretion in urine were higher than those before chemotherapy, and Livin, Bcl-2, TRAP1 and MMP9 mRNA expression in lesions as well as VEGF, TGF-β1, MCP-1 and CEACAM1 secretion in urine of experimental group were significantly lower than those of control group whereas Bad, LRIG3, Beclin1, KLF4, CHD13 and E-cadherin mRNA expression in lesions as well as IFN-γ and IL-2 secretion in urine were significantly higher than those of control group. Conclusion: Hyperthermia perfusion chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy can be more effective than routine infusion chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy to regulate the expression and secretion of malignant molecules in advanced bladder cancer.

Influence of intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy combined with deep hyperthermia on the malignant molecule expression in ascites of patients with ovarian cancer complicated by ascites

Objective: To explore the influence of intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy combined with deep hyperthermia on the malignant molecule expression in ascites of patients with ovarian cancer complicated by ascites. Methods: A total of 80 patients with ovarian cancer complicated by ascites who were treated in this hospital between March 2015 and January 2017 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into the control group (n=43) and the study group (n=37). Control group received intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy and study group underwent intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy combined with deep hyperthermia. The differences in the expression of proliferation, invasion, autophagy and other malignant molecules in ascites were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: Before treatment, the differences in the expression of proliferation, invasion, autophagy and other malignant molecules in ascites were not statistically significant between the two groups. After treatment, proliferation gene TCEAL7 mRNA expression in ascites of study group was higher than that of control group whereas Clusterin, HOTAIR, ROCK and TNFAIP8 mRNA expression were lower than those of control group;invasion gene DUSP10 mRNA expression in ascites was higher than that of control group whereas MTA1, Nek2, Stathmin and IFITM1 mRNA expression were lower than those of control group;autophagy genes LC3-Ⅱ, Beclin1 and PTEN mRNA expression in ascites were higher than those of control group. Conclusion:Intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy combined with deep hyperthermia can effectively balance the expression of proliferation, invasion and autophagy genes in ascites, and ultimately reduce the malignancy of the tumor in patients with ovarian cancer complicated by ascites.

Assessment of the efficacy and safety of bronchial artery perfusion chemotherapy combined with high-frequency hyperthermia for advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Objective:To study the efficacy and safety of bronchial artery perfusion chemotherapy combined with high-frequency hyperthermia for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods:Patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who were treated in Navy General Hospital between May 2014 and October 2016 were selected and randomly divided into two groups, the observation group received bronchial arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with high-frequency hyperthermia, and the control group received bronchial arterial infusion chemotherapy. Before and after treatment, the expression of tumor activity indexes and liver and kidney function indexes in serum as well as and proliferation and invasion genes in tumor lesions were detected respectively.Results: 5 d and 7 d after treatment, serum CEA, MIF, CYFRA21-1 and HE4 levels of both groups of patients were significantly lower than those before treatment and serum CEA, MIF, CYFRA21-1 and HE4 levels of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group;7 d after treatment, MEF2D, c-myc, Survivin, Bcl-2, Vimentin, N-cadherin and Slug expression in tumor lesions of both groups of patients were significantly lower than those before treatment and MEF2D, c-myc, Survivin, Bcl-2, Vimentin, N-cadherin and Slug expression in tumor lesions of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group;serum Scr, BUN, ALT and AST levels were not significantly different between two groups of patients before and after treatment. Conclusion:Bronchial artery perfusion chemotherapy combined with high-frequency hyperthermia for advanced non-small cell lung cancer can significantly inhibit the tumor proliferation and invasion and is with ideal safety.

Isolated hepatic perfusion: a regional therapy for liver cancer

BACKGROUND: Many treatments have been proposed for non-resectable primary or secondary hepatic cancer but the results have been disappointing. Isolated hepatic perfusion (IHP) was attempted five decades ago but it has been ac- cepted recently after spectacular tumour responses were ob- tained by several phase trials. DATA SOURCES: An English-language literature search using MEDLINE (2003), Index Medicus (2003) and biblio- graphic reviews of books and review articles. IHP and its history and recent clinical application. RESULTS: IHP offers unique pharmacokinetic advantages for locoregional chemotherapy and biotherapy. Surgical isolation of the liver and percutaneous techniques using bal- loon occlusion catheters are reliable and safe. They appear to have significant efficacy even in patients with advanced tumor burden or those with tumors refractory to other types of therapy. CONCLUSION: IHP which has been developed in recent years is becoming a promising strategy for the treatment of unresectable liver cancer.

Chemotherapy with laparoscope-assisted continuous circulatory hyperthermic intraperitoneal perfusion for malignant ascites

AIM:To investigate the procedure, feasibility and effects of laparoscopeassisted continuous circulatory hyperthermic intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy (CHIPC) in treatment of malignant ascites induced by peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric cancers. METHODS: From August 2006 to March 2008, the laparoscopic approach was used to perform CHIPC on 16 patients with malignant ascites induced by gastric cancer or postoperative intraperitoneal seeding. Each patient underwent CHIPC three times after laparoscopeassisted perfusion catheters placing. The first session was completed in operative room under general anesthesia, 5% glucose solution was selected as perfusion liquid, and 1500 mg 5 fluorouracil (5FU) and 200 mg oxaliplatin were added in the perfusion solution. The second andthird sessions were performed in intensive care unit, 0.9% sodium chloride solution was selected as perfusion liquid, and 1500 mg 5FU was added in the perfusion solution alone. CHIPC was performed for 90 min at a velocity of 450600 mL/min and an in flow temperature of 43 ± 0.2℃.RESULTS: The intraoperative course was uneventful in all cases, and the mean operative period for laparoscopeassisted perfusion catheters placing was 80 min for each case. No postoperative deaths or complications related to laparoscopeassisted CHIPC occurred in this study. Clinically complete remission of ascites and related symptoms were achieved in 14 patients, and partial remission was achieved in 2 patients. During the followup, 13 patients died 29 mo after CHIPC, with a median survival time of 5 mo. Two patients with partial remission suffered from port site seeding and tumor metastasis,and died 2 and 3 mo after treatment. Three patients who are still alive today survived 4, 6 and 7 mo, respectively. The Karnofsky marks of patients (5090) increased significantly (P < 0.01) and the general status improved after CHIPC. Thus satisfactory clinical efficacy has been achieved in these patients treated by laparoscopic CHIPC. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopeassisted CHIPC is a safe, feasible and effective procedure in the treatment of debilitating malignant ascites induced by unresectable gastric cancers.

Regional but fatal: Intraperitoneal metastasis in gastric cancer

Peritoneal carcinomatosis appears to be the most common pattern of metastasis or recurrence and is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients. Many efforts have been made to improve the survival in patients with peritoneal metastasis. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy remains a widely accepted strategy in the treatment of peritoneal dissemination. Several phase Ⅱ-Ⅲ studies confirmed that the combined cytoreducitve surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy resulted in longer survival in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. In addition,proper selection and effective regional treatment in patients with high risk of peritoneal recurrence after resection will further improve prognosis in local advanced gastric cancer patients.

Comparison of regional arterial chemotherapy and systemic intravenous chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer:a systematic review and meta-analysis

Chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer(stageⅢ/Ⅳ).However,conventional systemic intravenous chemotherapy(SIC)has been unsatisfactory for pancreatic cancer.In recent years,regional arterial infusion chemotherapy(RAIC)has been clinically used as a new chemotherapy regimen for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer,but its efficacy is controversial.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of RAIC.We searched literatures in databases such as PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and CNKI.After screening,this meta-analysis finally included 9 randomized controlled trials(RCTs)with 444 patients(230 RAIC and 214 SIC).We used the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool to assess risk of bias for included RCTs.Outcomes were overall survival(OS),overall response rate(ORR),adverse events rate(AER),and pain remission rate.Outcome indicators used relative risk(RR)and its 95%confidence interval(CI)as effect analysis statistics.The results showed that RAIC had some advantages over SIC in terms of ORR,OS,incidence of leukopenia,and pain remission.In conclusion,compared with SIC,RAIC has better clinical efficacy and lower toxicity in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer.

Studies of Selective Arterial Perfusion plus Chemoembolization on Hepatic Metastasis from Rectal Cancer

OBJECTIVE To develop an effectual method for treating hepatic metas-tasis from rectal cancer. METHODS A randomized control study of celiac artery perfusion plus transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) (observation group) and intravenous chemotherapy (control group) for 99 cases with hepatic me-tastasis from rectal cancer was performed. The perfusion was repeated once at 4 weeks after the first treatment of 52 cases in the observation group, and it was subsequently repeated at an interval of 2 or 3 months. Using intrave-nous administration, the perfusion was repeated once every 3 weeks with 47 cases in the control group. RESULTS Three months after treatment, the patients in the observation group who showed a relief or elimination of a former superior abdominal pain amounted to 70.6%, and those with a diminution of their intrahepatic mass reached 55.8%. In the control group, the patients with a relief or disappear-ance of hepatalgia reached 20%, and those with a diminution of their intrahe-patic mass reached 10.6%. The 1, 2 and 3-year survival rates were 80.8%, 46.2% and 25.0% in the cases of the observation group and 61.7%, 19.1% and 4.3% in the control group, respectively. CONCLUSION For the patients who failed to receive a surgical opera-tion on their hepatic metastasis from rectal cancer, celiac artery perfusion plus TACE is a more effective regimen for improvement of the clinical symp-toms and extension of the survival time, compared to intravenous chemo-therapy, and is a better choice for palliative therapy.

Conversion of Unresectable to Resectable Liver Metastases from Colorectal Carcinoma Using Hepatic Arterial Chronomodulated Chemotherapy: A Case Report and Short Literature Review

Background: The regional chronomodulated hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) is an effective regimen for the treatment of patients with unresectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer, especially for the conversion into resectability. Aim: To demonstrate that chronomodulated HAI triplet chemotherapy according to OPTILIV protocol is well tolerated and displayed high antitumor activity in this heavily-pretreated patient. Case Presentation: A 54 years old patient from Russia was treated for a tumor in the ascending colon presented with 13 hepatic metastases ranging from 0.3 to 2.7 cm in diameter. He underwent a laparoscopic right hemicolectomy, 12 cycles of FOLFIRINOX combined to bevacizumab for the last 5 cycles, resulting in a partial response according to CT scan. It was decided to perform a two-stage hepatectomy at Paul Brousse hospital: left partial hepatectomy allowed the excision of 9 lesions. Radio frequency ablation was performed in 2 nodular lesions. Afterwards, the patient received 5 cycles of chronomodulated triplet chemotherapy into the hepatic artery, according to the OPTILIV protocol design, yet without cetuximab, because of the KRAS mutation in the liver metastases, with a partial re-sponse. The patient could then undergo the second stage of the planned right hepatectomy, which turned out to be an R0 resection followed by receiving three courses of chronomodulated HAIC. Disease progression was documented after 3 months. Chronomodulated FOLFIRI chemotherapy was re-started intravenously, in combination with Aflibercept and it was associated with further disease progression. The genetic analysis of our patient’s cancer revealed a high level of MSI. The patient was included in the Phase 2 CheckMate-142 trial and received nivolumab 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks within 3 months. Treatment was discontinued due to ineffectiveness. Then the patient underwent radiotherapy geared towards reduction of pain. Afterwards, the patient died from the disease progression 2 years after the beginning of treatment. Conclusion: In this article, the authors report a clinical case with chronomodulated HAIC as rescue therapy in a heavily pretreated patient with metastatic colorectal cancer, allowing to achieve an objective response despite prior progression on FOLFIRINOX (the same triplet chemo by IV route). This strategy permitted to overcome drug resistance and to perform further complete resection of the liver me-tastases with prolonged patient survival. Thus, chronomodulated HAI is useful in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer and de-serves to be further assessed prospectively in clinical trials chemotherapy.

Performance of the Multiprofessional Team in Cytoreductive Surgeries with Intraperitoneal Hyperthermic Chemotherapy:Experience Reporting

Purpose:This study aims at reporting the experience of a cancer hospital’s multiprofessional team with surgery patients in performing cytoreductive surgeries associated with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.Methods:It is a reporting about the experience of the multiprofessional team at AC Camargo Cancer Center’s surgery center,which operates in cytoreductive surgeries with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy,thus guaranteeing the surgery patient’s safety.Results:No safety report for the surgery patient subjected to intraperitoneal hypothermic chemotherapy was found in the literature.Therefore,the surgery center’s multiprofessional team’s practice was based on standards for manipulating chemotherapeutic agents and for safely administering medication.A checklist was elaborated for cytoreductive surgeries with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy based on the surgery patient safety protocol and the institution’s multiprofessional team’s experience.Conclusions:From the multiprofessional team’s experiences in cytoreductive surgeries with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy,the importance of elaborating a checklist to promote the quality of assistance and guarantee patient safety during the entire intraoperative phase became evident.

肝动脉灌注化疗联合仑伐替尼治疗巴塞罗那临床肝癌B或C期肝细胞癌

目的观察肝动脉灌注化疗(HAIC)联合仑伐替尼治疗巴塞罗那临床肝癌(BCLC)B或C期肝细胞癌(HCC)效果,分析影响患者生存时间的因素。方法 回顾性分析104例BCLC B或C期HCC患者资料,根据治疗方案将其归入观察组(46例,接受HAIC联合仑伐替尼治疗)及对照组(58例,仅接受HAIC);比较2组疗效、不良反应及患者总生存期(OS)和无进展生存期(PFS),以Cox回归分析评估OS影响因素。结果 治疗后3、6个月,观察组改良实体瘤疗效评价标准(mRECIST)评估结果均优于对照组(P均<0.05);治疗后1年,组间mRECIST评估结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者总生存率高于对照组(P<0.05),而组间无进展生存率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组皮疹发生率高于对照组(P<0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,相比单一HAIC,HAIC联合仑伐替尼[风险比(HR)=0.425,95%CI(0.255,0.791)]可延长患者OS;相比治疗前美国东部肿瘤协作组(ECOG)评分1、AFP≥400μg/ml、瘤灶数目≥3及BCLC C期,治疗前ECOG评分0、AFP<400μg/ml、瘤灶数目≤2及BCLC B期均为HCC患者OS独立保护因素(P均<0.05)。结论 HAIC联合仑伐替尼治疗BCLC B期或C期HCC安全、有效;治疗前ECOG评分、血清AFP水平、瘤灶数目及BCLC分期均为OS影响因素。

多西他赛腹腔灌注联合SOX方案化疗与DOS方案化疗对晚期胃癌伴癌性腹水患者生活质量的影响比较

目的比较多西他赛腹腔灌注联合SOX方案化疗与DOS方案化疗对晚期胃癌伴癌性腹水患者生活质量的影响。方法选取2016年1月—2018年1月广西医科大学第一附属医院收治的晚期胃癌伴癌性腹水的患者78例,按1∶1的比例随机分为D-SOX组(双通路模式)和DOS组(传统模式),每组39例。D-SOX组腹腔灌注多西他赛联合SOX方案化疗,DOS组采取多西他赛、奥沙利铂、替吉奥传统模式方案化疗。2组均以21 d为1个周期,每2个周期评估疗效,化疗2~8周期。通过EORTC生活质量测定量表QLQ-C30与QLQ-STO22对2组最佳生活质量改善、改善程度的差异及恶化风险等进行评估。结果D-SOX组中功能量表包括躯体功能、社会功能以及症状量表中与腹水导致相关的症状均有明确改善。特别是在呼吸困难、吞咽困难领域、进食受限领域、口干及疼痛方面,D-SOX组在延缓恶化时间方面较DOS组有明显优势(HR:0.48~0.54)。结论多西他赛腹腔灌注联合SOX方案化疗较DOS方案化疗有更好的生活质量改善优势,对患者体力改善、症状缓解及延缓恶化均有积极作用。

PD-1抗体联合胸腺肽α1、肝动脉灌注化疗治疗原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓的疗效观察

目的探究程序性死亡蛋白-1(PD-1)抗体联合胸腺肽α1、肝动脉灌注化疗(HAIC)治疗原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓(PVTT)的疗效。方法选择2021年8月—2022年8月石家庄市第五医院介入医学科治疗的原发性肝癌合并PVTT患者50例,以随机数字表法分为PD-1组(n=25)和对照组(n=25)。对照组给予胸腺肽α1与HAIC治疗,PD-1组给予PD-1抗体联合胸腺肽α1、HAIC治疗。比较2组患者客观缓解率、肝功能指标、血清肿瘤标志物、免疫功能指标。结果PD-1组的客观缓解率高于对照组(48.00%vs.20.00%,χ^(2)/P=4.367/0.037)。治疗6周、12周后,2组Alb均升高,TBil、ALT均降低,且治疗12周后PD-1组升高/降低幅度显著大于对照组(t/P=2.897/0.006、3.424/<0.001、2.658/<0.001);2组患者甲胎蛋白(AFP)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-2(IGFBP-2)均降低,且治疗12周后PD-1组低于对照组(t/P=3.934/<0.001、5.992/<0.001);2组患者CD8^(+)均降低,CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均升高,且治疗12周后PD-1组降低/升高幅度大于对照组(t/P=3.110/<0.001、2.414/0.020)。结论PD-1抗体联合胸腺肽α1、HAIC治疗能够改善原发性肝癌合并PVTT患者的肝功能和免疫功能,降低血清肿瘤标志物水平,延缓肿瘤进展,疗效显著。

诊断超声激励微泡空化增强胰腺癌血流灌注的临床研究

目的 探讨诊断超声激励微泡空化对胰腺癌血流灌注的增强效应。方法 选取经病理组织学或细胞学证实的晚期胰腺癌患者21例,在每次临床化疗结束后120 min内对病灶进行诊断超声激励微泡空化治疗,空化治疗前后分别行超声造影动态观察肿瘤血流灌注情况,并根据肿瘤区域时间-强度曲线分析峰值强度(PI)、曲线下面积(AUC),比较空化治疗前后各指标的差异。结果 21例胰腺癌患者共计进行84次化疗联合诊断超声激励微泡空化治疗,治疗后胰腺癌病灶PI由(109.19±2.64)dB增加到(110.62±2.70)dB,AUC由(4752.76±149.53)dB·s增加到(4863.67±159.77)dB·s,但与治疗前比较差异均无统计学意义(P=0.16、0.33)。结论 诊断超声激励微泡空化可能会增加胰腺癌的血流灌注量,有望改善胰腺癌因乏氧、乏血供导致的化疗抵抗问题。

肝动脉灌注化疗栓塞术联合信迪利单抗治疗晚期原发性肝癌近期疗效及远期生存率

目的 探讨肝动脉灌注化疗栓塞术(TACE)联合信迪利单抗治疗晚期原发性肝癌(PLC)的近期疗效及远期生存率。方法2018年4月至2019年4月在资阳市人民医院82个随机双盲实验中,对符合AASLD指南,巴塞罗那(BCLC)分期为B/C期者;肝功能Child-Pugh分级A/B级的PLC进行研究。经计算机生成的随机列表随机分配,对照组仅行TACE治疗,研究组则采用TACE联合信迪利单抗治疗,连续治疗4周期比较两组临床疗效、肿瘤标志物水平T淋巴细胞亚群指标变化,随访观察远期生存情况。结果 对照组和研究组病人各41例,治疗后1个月时对照组肿瘤控制率(DCR)为80.49%,研究组DCR为92.68%,组间差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.63,P=0.105);治疗后3个月时研究组DCR为87.80%,明显高于对照组的73.17%,组间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.00,P=0.046)。治疗前,研究组甲胎蛋白(AFP)、高尔基体蛋白73(GP-73)及甲胎蛋白异质体3(AFP-L3)水平分别为(82.74±5.77)μg/L、(90.27±4.67)μg/L及(148.74±62.15)mg/L,对照组3项指标水平依次为(84.28±6.02)μg/L、(89.74±5.32)μg/L、(156.20±41.03)mg/L,组间数据差异无统计学意义(t=1.18,t=0.48,t=0.64,P>0.05);治疗后研究组AFP、GP-73及AFP-L水平分别为(14.22±2.60)μg/L、(49.39±5.63)μg/L、(82.41±21.75)mg/L,均显著低于对照组的(57.13±6.21)μg/L、(65.28±3.74)μg/L、(117.20±35.62)mg/L,组间差异有统计学意义(t=40.81,t=15.05,t=5.34,P<0.05)。治疗前,研究组CD4+、CD8+及CD4+/CD8+水平分别为(29.17±6.33)%、(27.86±3.92)%、(1.04±0.25),对照组依次为(28.63±5.41)%、(28.53±4.63)%及(1.01±0.20),组间差异无统计学意义(t=0.42,t=0.73,t=0.60,P>0.05);治疗后研究组CD4+、CD4+/CD8+水平分别为(36.28±4.11)%、(1.33±0.40),显著高于对照组的(30.52±5.01)%及(1.09±0.32),组间差异有统计学意义(t=5.69,t=3.00,P<0.05)。治疗前,研究组CD151、CD168、CD9及CD63分别为(94.18±18.33)%、(96.27±16.08)%、(98.52±16.33)%、(94.57±10.96)%,对照组4项数据水平依次为(96.31±21.05)%、(97.24±14.20)%、(99.36±17.41)%、(93.64±12.60)%,组间差异无统计学意义(t=0.49,t=0.29,t=0.23,t=0.36,P>0.05);治疗后研究组CD151、CD168指标水平分别为(32.06±6.34)%、(31.28±4.78)%,显著低于对照组的(87.36±15.03)%、(76.34±11.52)%,而CD9及CD63水平分别为(210.54±27.12)%、(247.02±30.21)%,显著高于对照组的(104.52±12.94)%、(110.32±16.30)%,组间差异有统计学意义(t=21.71,t=23.13,t=22.59,t=25.50,P<0.05)。治疗后随访36~48个月,研究组失访3例,总生存率为47.37%,对照组失访1例,总生存率为25.0%,组间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.24,P=0.040)。研究组≥3级毒副反应总发生率为13.16%,与对照组27.5%差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.46,P=0.117)。结论 TACE联合PD-1治疗晚期PLC可降低机体肿瘤标志物水平、提升病人的免疫功能及近期疗效,同时可延长病人远期生存率,严重毒副反应发生率较低。