When the Guomindang （GMD） took charge in 1927, it implemented the ＂political tutelage＂ system. Participation of other parties in politics was disallowed. But after the Anti-Japanese War （1937-45）, under the comb...When the Guomindang （GMD） took charge in 1927, it implemented the ＂political tutelage＂ system. Participation of other parties in politics was disallowed. But after the Anti-Japanese War （1937-45）, under the combined effect of internal and external pressure, the GMD needed to adopt a constitution, reorganize government and establish multi-party participation. The April 1947 governmental reorganization was the starting point of a transformation from a ＂political tutelage＂ system to a constitutional system. Though this reorganization introduced many non-GMD members into the government, it did not change the GMD＇s one-party dominance. Its desired transformation of China from one-party ＂political tutelage＂ into a constitutional democracy still remained limited.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the epidemiological situation of cercarial trematodes infection in freshwater snails from different water resources in Chiang Mai province,Thailand.Methods:The snail specimens were collected f...Objective:To investigate the epidemiological situation of cercarial trematodes infection in freshwater snails from different water resources in Chiang Mai province,Thailand.Methods:The snail specimens were collected from 13 districts of Chiang Mai province during April 2008 to February 2012.The prevalence of cercarial infection in snails was investigated using the crushing method.The drawing was done with the help of a camera lucida for the morphological study.Results:A total of 2479 snail individuals were collected and classified into 7 families,11 genera,and 14 species,Among them,8 snails species were found to be infected with an overall prevalence of 17.27%(428/2479),which infected with nine groups of cercariae;gymnocephalous cercaria,strigea cercaria,megalurous cercaria,monostome cercaria,parapleurolophocercous cercaria(Haplorchis cercaria),pleurolophocercous cercaria,furcocercous cercaria(Transversotrema cercaria),xiphidiocercaria,and virgulate cercaria.The parapleurolophocercous cercaria was found to be the dominant type among the cercarial infection in the snails(64.25%).Conclusions:The various species of snails found in the research location act as the intermediate hosts for the high prevalence of parasitic infection of many species of mammals.This work will provide new information on both the distribution and first intermediate host of trematodes.展开更多
The oceanic island volcanic rocks in the Chiang Mai zone, northern Thailand, are usually covered by Lower Carboniferous and Upper Permian shallow-water carbonate rocks, with the Hawaii rocks and potash trachybasalt be...The oceanic island volcanic rocks in the Chiang Mai zone, northern Thailand, are usually covered by Lower Carboniferous and Upper Permian shallow-water carbonate rocks, with the Hawaii rocks and potash trachybasalt being the main rock types. The alkaline series is dominant with sub-alkaline series occurring in few cases. The geochemical characteristics are described as follows: the major chemical compositions are characterized by high TiO2, high P2O5 and medium K2O; the rare-earth elements are characterized by right-inclined strong LREE-enrichment patterns; the trace element patterns are of the upward-bulging K-Ti enrichment type; multi-component plots falling within the fields of oceanic island basalts and alkali basalts, belonging to the oceanic island-type volcanic rocks, which are similar to the equivalents in Deqin and Gengma (the Changning-Menglian zone) of Yunnan Province, China.展开更多
An emission inventory containing emissions from traffic and other sources was complied. Based on the analysis, Carbon Monoxide （CO） emissions from traffic play a very important role in CO levels in Chiang Mai area. ...An emission inventory containing emissions from traffic and other sources was complied. Based on the analysis, Carbon Monoxide （CO） emissions from traffic play a very important role in CO levels in Chiang Mai area. Analysis showed that CO emissions from traffic during rush hours contributed approximately 90% of total CO emissions. Regional Atmospheric Modeling System （RAMS） was applied to simulate wind fields and temperatures in the Chiang Mai area, and eight ca^es were selected to study annual variations in wind fields and temperatures. Model results can reflect major features of wind fields and diurnal variations in temperatures. For evaluating the model performance, model results were compared with observed wind speed, wind direction and temperature, which were monitored at a meteorological tower. Comparison showed that model results are in good agreement with observations, and the model captured many of the observed features. HYbrid Particle And Concentration Transport model （HYPACT） was used to simulate CO concentration in the Chiang Mai area. Model results generally agree well with observed CO concentrations at the air quality monitoring stations, and can explain observed CO diurnal variations.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the infection of Fasciola gigantka(F.gigantka)in domestic cattle from Chiang Mai province and molecular confirmation using ITS-2 region.Methods:The liver and gall bladder of Bubalus bubalis(B....Objective:To investigate the infection of Fasciola gigantka(F.gigantka)in domestic cattle from Chiang Mai province and molecular confirmation using ITS-2 region.Methods:The liver and gall bladder of Bubalus bubalis(B.bubalis)and Bos taurus(B.taunts)from slaughterhouses were examined adult worms and prevalence investigation.The species confirmation with phylogenetic analysis using ITS-2 sequences was performed by maximum likelihood and UPGMA methods.Results:The total prevalences of infection in B.bubalis and Bubalus taurus(B.taurus)were67.27%and 52.94%respectively.The respective prevalence in both B.bubalis and B.taurus were acquired from Doi-Saket,Muang,and Sanpatong districts,with 81.25%,62.50%and 60.00%for B.bubalis and 62.50%,50.00%and 47.06%for Bos taunts respectively.The species confirmation of F.gigantka and some related species by basing on maximum likelihood and UPGMA methods used,4 groups of trematodes were generated,first F.gigantka group including specimen of Chiang Mai,second 2 samples of F.hepatica,third group of 3 rumen flukes;Orthocoelium streptocoelium,F.elongatus and Paramphistomum epliclitum and fourth group of 3 minute intestinal flukes:Haplorchis taichui,Stellantchasmu falcatus.Haplorchoides sp.and liver fluke;Opisthorchis civerrini respectively.Conclusions:These results can be confirmed the Giant liver fluke which mainly caused fascioliasis in Chiang Mai was identified as F.gigantka and specimens were the same as those of F.gigantka recorded in olher different countries.Nucleotide sequence of ITS-2 region has been proven as effective diagnostic tool for the identification of F.gigantka.展开更多
English is one of the most common languages in the world,and it has become one of the most important subjects in various countries.The native languages of China and Thailand are not English,and both countries are loca...English is one of the most common languages in the world,and it has become one of the most important subjects in various countries.The native languages of China and Thailand are not English,and both countries are located in Asia and have many similarities in geographical location and cultural background.The Ministries of Education of the two countries have successively put forward relevant policies to promote the development of English education in the country.The implementation of these policies has promoted the development of college English course teaching in the country.These factors determine that the two countries have similarities in college English course teaching for Non-English majors.However,there are differences in teaching mode and teaching staff in the two countries because of their different national conditions,which make many differences,exist in college English course teaching for non-English majors in the two countries.During the author’s career as an exchange student in Chiang Mai University,she experienced the difference of college English course teaching for non-English majors in Thai universities,so the author did some researches on the basis of the understanding of English course teaching in Thai universities.Therefore,this thesis takes Sino-Thai college English course teaching for non-English majors as the research object—takes Jiujiang University and Chiang Mai University as example,and analyses their present situation from the aspects of the development and evolution,the teaching mode,and teaching staff of college English course teaching for non-English majors.On this basis,the author makes a comparative analysis of the English course teaching for non-English majors in two selected universities,then find their respective advantages and disadvantages,and put forward some suggestions on the development of Sino-Thai college English course teaching.展开更多
On the basis of the petrographic characteristics, rock assemblages, petrochemistry, REEs, trace elements and geotectonic settings, the authors described the characteristics of continental marginal arc-volcanic rocks i...On the basis of the petrographic characteristics, rock assemblages, petrochemistry, REEs, trace elements and geotectonic settings, the authors described the characteristics of continental marginal arc-volcanic rocks in the Late Permian-Early Triassic (P2-T1) volcanic rocks distributed on the eastern side of the ocean-ridge/oceanic island basalts in the Chiang Mai belt. The volcanic rock assemblage is basaltic andesite-andesite-rhyolite. The volcanic series is dominated by the calc-alkaline series, with the tholeitic series coming next. The chemical composition of the volcanic rocks is characterized by high Al2O3; the REE distribution patterns are of the LREE-enrichment rightward incline type; the large cation elements are highly enriched, and the volcanic rocks are generally enriched in U and Th and depleted in Ti, Cr and P. The petrochemical plot falls within the field of island-arc volcanic rocks, in consistency with the projected points of continental marginal arc-volcanic rocks in the Lancangjiang belt. These continental mar-ginal arc-volcanic rocks, together with ocean-ridge/oceanic island-type volcanic rocks in the Chiang Mai belt, con-stitute the ocean-ridge volcanic rock-arc magmatic rock belts distributed in pairs, indicative of eastward subduction of the oceanic crust in the Chiang Mai belt. This result is of great importance in exploring the evolution of the paleo-Tethys in the Chiang Mai belt.展开更多
文摘When the Guomindang （GMD） took charge in 1927, it implemented the ＂political tutelage＂ system. Participation of other parties in politics was disallowed. But after the Anti-Japanese War （1937-45）, under the combined effect of internal and external pressure, the GMD needed to adopt a constitution, reorganize government and establish multi-party participation. The April 1947 governmental reorganization was the starting point of a transformation from a ＂political tutelage＂ system to a constitutional system. Though this reorganization introduced many non-GMD members into the government, it did not change the GMD＇s one-party dominance. Its desired transformation of China from one-party ＂political tutelage＂ into a constitutional democracy still remained limited.
基金Supported by National Research Council of Thailand(NRCT)(Grant No.2555A10402010)
文摘Objective:To investigate the epidemiological situation of cercarial trematodes infection in freshwater snails from different water resources in Chiang Mai province,Thailand.Methods:The snail specimens were collected from 13 districts of Chiang Mai province during April 2008 to February 2012.The prevalence of cercarial infection in snails was investigated using the crushing method.The drawing was done with the help of a camera lucida for the morphological study.Results:A total of 2479 snail individuals were collected and classified into 7 families,11 genera,and 14 species,Among them,8 snails species were found to be infected with an overall prevalence of 17.27%(428/2479),which infected with nine groups of cercariae;gymnocephalous cercaria,strigea cercaria,megalurous cercaria,monostome cercaria,parapleurolophocercous cercaria(Haplorchis cercaria),pleurolophocercous cercaria,furcocercous cercaria(Transversotrema cercaria),xiphidiocercaria,and virgulate cercaria.The parapleurolophocercous cercaria was found to be the dominant type among the cercarial infection in the snails(64.25%).Conclusions:The various species of snails found in the research location act as the intermediate hosts for the high prevalence of parasitic infection of many species of mammals.This work will provide new information on both the distribution and first intermediate host of trematodes.
基金granted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40372105 and 40772143)
文摘The oceanic island volcanic rocks in the Chiang Mai zone, northern Thailand, are usually covered by Lower Carboniferous and Upper Permian shallow-water carbonate rocks, with the Hawaii rocks and potash trachybasalt being the main rock types. The alkaline series is dominant with sub-alkaline series occurring in few cases. The geochemical characteristics are described as follows: the major chemical compositions are characterized by high TiO2, high P2O5 and medium K2O; the rare-earth elements are characterized by right-inclined strong LREE-enrichment patterns; the trace element patterns are of the upward-bulging K-Ti enrichment type; multi-component plots falling within the fields of oceanic island basalts and alkali basalts, belonging to the oceanic island-type volcanic rocks, which are similar to the equivalents in Deqin and Gengma (the Changning-Menglian zone) of Yunnan Province, China.
基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences （Grant No. KZCX3- SW-231） the National Natured Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 40533018）.
文摘An emission inventory containing emissions from traffic and other sources was complied. Based on the analysis, Carbon Monoxide （CO） emissions from traffic play a very important role in CO levels in Chiang Mai area. Analysis showed that CO emissions from traffic during rush hours contributed approximately 90% of total CO emissions. Regional Atmospheric Modeling System （RAMS） was applied to simulate wind fields and temperatures in the Chiang Mai area, and eight ca^es were selected to study annual variations in wind fields and temperatures. Model results can reflect major features of wind fields and diurnal variations in temperatures. For evaluating the model performance, model results were compared with observed wind speed, wind direction and temperature, which were monitored at a meteorological tower. Comparison showed that model results are in good agreement with observations, and the model captured many of the observed features. HYbrid Particle And Concentration Transport model （HYPACT） was used to simulate CO concentration in the Chiang Mai area. Model results generally agree well with observed CO concentrations at the air quality monitoring stations, and can explain observed CO diurnal variations.
文摘Objective:To investigate the infection of Fasciola gigantka(F.gigantka)in domestic cattle from Chiang Mai province and molecular confirmation using ITS-2 region.Methods:The liver and gall bladder of Bubalus bubalis(B.bubalis)and Bos taurus(B.taunts)from slaughterhouses were examined adult worms and prevalence investigation.The species confirmation with phylogenetic analysis using ITS-2 sequences was performed by maximum likelihood and UPGMA methods.Results:The total prevalences of infection in B.bubalis and Bubalus taurus(B.taurus)were67.27%and 52.94%respectively.The respective prevalence in both B.bubalis and B.taurus were acquired from Doi-Saket,Muang,and Sanpatong districts,with 81.25%,62.50%and 60.00%for B.bubalis and 62.50%,50.00%and 47.06%for Bos taunts respectively.The species confirmation of F.gigantka and some related species by basing on maximum likelihood and UPGMA methods used,4 groups of trematodes were generated,first F.gigantka group including specimen of Chiang Mai,second 2 samples of F.hepatica,third group of 3 rumen flukes;Orthocoelium streptocoelium,F.elongatus and Paramphistomum epliclitum and fourth group of 3 minute intestinal flukes:Haplorchis taichui,Stellantchasmu falcatus.Haplorchoides sp.and liver fluke;Opisthorchis civerrini respectively.Conclusions:These results can be confirmed the Giant liver fluke which mainly caused fascioliasis in Chiang Mai was identified as F.gigantka and specimens were the same as those of F.gigantka recorded in olher different countries.Nucleotide sequence of ITS-2 region has been proven as effective diagnostic tool for the identification of F.gigantka.
文摘English is one of the most common languages in the world,and it has become one of the most important subjects in various countries.The native languages of China and Thailand are not English,and both countries are located in Asia and have many similarities in geographical location and cultural background.The Ministries of Education of the two countries have successively put forward relevant policies to promote the development of English education in the country.The implementation of these policies has promoted the development of college English course teaching in the country.These factors determine that the two countries have similarities in college English course teaching for Non-English majors.However,there are differences in teaching mode and teaching staff in the two countries because of their different national conditions,which make many differences,exist in college English course teaching for non-English majors in the two countries.During the author’s career as an exchange student in Chiang Mai University,she experienced the difference of college English course teaching for non-English majors in Thai universities,so the author did some researches on the basis of the understanding of English course teaching in Thai universities.Therefore,this thesis takes Sino-Thai college English course teaching for non-English majors as the research object—takes Jiujiang University and Chiang Mai University as example,and analyses their present situation from the aspects of the development and evolution,the teaching mode,and teaching staff of college English course teaching for non-English majors.On this basis,the author makes a comparative analysis of the English course teaching for non-English majors in two selected universities,then find their respective advantages and disadvantages,and put forward some suggestions on the development of Sino-Thai college English course teaching.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40372105 and 40772143)
文摘On the basis of the petrographic characteristics, rock assemblages, petrochemistry, REEs, trace elements and geotectonic settings, the authors described the characteristics of continental marginal arc-volcanic rocks in the Late Permian-Early Triassic (P2-T1) volcanic rocks distributed on the eastern side of the ocean-ridge/oceanic island basalts in the Chiang Mai belt. The volcanic rock assemblage is basaltic andesite-andesite-rhyolite. The volcanic series is dominated by the calc-alkaline series, with the tholeitic series coming next. The chemical composition of the volcanic rocks is characterized by high Al2O3; the REE distribution patterns are of the LREE-enrichment rightward incline type; the large cation elements are highly enriched, and the volcanic rocks are generally enriched in U and Th and depleted in Ti, Cr and P. The petrochemical plot falls within the field of island-arc volcanic rocks, in consistency with the projected points of continental marginal arc-volcanic rocks in the Lancangjiang belt. These continental mar-ginal arc-volcanic rocks, together with ocean-ridge/oceanic island-type volcanic rocks in the Chiang Mai belt, con-stitute the ocean-ridge volcanic rock-arc magmatic rock belts distributed in pairs, indicative of eastward subduction of the oceanic crust in the Chiang Mai belt. This result is of great importance in exploring the evolution of the paleo-Tethys in the Chiang Mai belt.
