Based on the self-ordered ring(SOR) fluorescence microscopic imaging technique on a hydrophobic glass slide with Zn 2+ and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTMAB) as sensitizer,and poly(vinyl alcohol)-124(PVA-124) and ...Based on the self-ordered ring(SOR) fluorescence microscopic imaging technique on a hydrophobic glass slide with Zn 2+ and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTMAB) as sensitizer,and poly(vinyl alcohol)-124(PVA-124) and NH 3-NH 4 Cl(pH 10.00) as the medium,a method has been developed for determining sparfloxacin(SPFX) concentrations in chicken serum and residues in chicken tissues and manures.When the droplet volume was 0.20 μ L,SPFX was determined in the range of 1.38×10-13 ～2.03×10-12 mol.ring-1(or 6.90×10-7 ～1.02×10-5 mol.L-1),and the limit of detection(LOD) was 14fmol.ring-1(or 6.90× 10-8 mol.L-1).The recoveries of SPFX at all different spiked levels are in the range of 90.74%～106.61% when the methanol or acetonitrile were used as extracting agent,respectively,and the relative standard deviations(RSDs) are less than 3.0%.This study expands the applied fields of SOR technique in drug concentrations and residues determination.展开更多
[Objective] This trial was to investigate the effect of dietary Picria felterrae Lour extracts on serum biochemical indexes and immune function of Guangxi Partridge chickens. [Method] Totally 500 individuals of 1-day-...[Objective] This trial was to investigate the effect of dietary Picria felterrae Lour extracts on serum biochemical indexes and immune function of Guangxi Partridge chickens. [Method] Totally 500 individuals of 1-day-old Guangxi Partridge chickens were randomly divided into five groups, five replicates each group and 20 chicks each replicate. Groups A, B and C were treatment groups supplemented with 0.70%, 0.35% and0.175% P. felterrae extracts in the basal diet, respectively; group D was a medical control group supplemented with 0.01% colistin sulfate premix in the basal diet; and group E was a control group with basal diet. Serum samples were collected from 10 chickens in each group at 21, 35 and 49 days of age, to analyze the biochemical and immune indexes. [Result] It had no significant impact on serum TP and GLU contents of chickens by adding different levels of P. felterrae extracts in the basal diet（P 〉0.05）. However, at 21 and 35 days of age, the TBILI content of chickens in groups A, B and C were extremely lower or significantly lower than that in group E（ P〈0.01; P〈0.05）. At 35 days of age, the serum AKP activities in groups A, B and C were extremely higher than that in group E（P〈0.01）, and the serum GOT activities at 21 and 35 days of age in group C were significantly higher than that in group E（P〈0.05）. At 49 days of age, the serum Ig G content in groups A, B and C and the IL-2 content in group B and group C were significantly lower or extremely lower than that in group E（ P〈0.05; P〈0.01）; the T-AOC content in group B was significantly higher than that in group E（P〈0.05）; the GSH content in groups A, B and C were significantly higher than that in group E（ P〈0.05）. Adding different levels of P. felterrae extracts in the diet significantly decreased the TBILI content, reduced the Ig G, IL-2 and IL-6 contents, and improved the AKP and GOT activities and the T-AOC and GSH contents of Guangxi Partridge chicken. [Conclusion] Adding 0.35% P. felterrae extracts in the basal diet received the best effort.展开更多
The research aimed to study the effects of pine needle on immunity and serum cholesterol of chickens. Totally 240 healthy Roman cocks （one day old） were randomly divided into four groups, three replicates each group...The research aimed to study the effects of pine needle on immunity and serum cholesterol of chickens. Totally 240 healthy Roman cocks （one day old） were randomly divided into four groups, three replicates each group and 20 chickens per replicate. The chickens in contrel group were fed with basal diet and nor- real drinking water; the chickens in groups I and II were fed with the basal diet added with 0.5 and 1.0 g/ehieken pine needle powder, respectively; the chickens in group HI were fed with pine needle decoction at the dose of 0.5 g/chicken. The pre-trial lasted 4 d, and the former trial lasted 70 d. The results showed that the percentages of CD3＋ CD4 ＋ T lymphocytes in groups I, II and III were higher than that in control group at the 15th day after the first immunization, but the percenta- ges in groups 1 and II were lower than that in control group at the 30th , 45th and 60th days, and the percentage in group III was lower than that in control group at the 45th day. The percentages of CD3＋ CD8 ＋ T lymphocytes in groups I, II and III were higher than that in control group at the 15th, 30th and 45th days after the first immunization, but the percentages in groups I and III were lower than that in control group at the 60th day. At the 14th and 21st days after the first immunization, the levels of NDV antibody in groups I and II were lower than that in control group, but the levels at the 28th and 35th days were higher than that in control group. The level of NDV antibody in group III was higher than that in control group at the 14th and 21st days while it was lower at the 7th and 35th days. The levels of serum total cholesterol and trigtyceride in groups I, II and III had lower trend compared with control group, and the levels of serum triglyceride in groups I and II were significantly lower than that in control group and group III （P 〈0.05 ）. The levels of serum low density lipoprotein in groups II and III were lower than that in control group, while the level of serum high density lipoprotein in group II was higher than that in control group, but there were no significant differences （P 〉 0.05 ）. In conclusion, pine needle has many functions as follows ： promoting the proliferation and differentiation of T lymphocytes, improving the content of CD3＋CD4 ＋ and CD3 ＋ CD8＋ lymphocyte, collaborating with vaecine to enhance the specific immune, and reducing the serum cholesterol level in different degrees.展开更多
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high dietary fluoride (F) on serum biochemistry and oxidative damage in broiler chickens. 280 one-day-old healthy avian broiler chickens were randomly allotted i...The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high dietary fluoride (F) on serum biochemistry and oxidative damage in broiler chickens. 280 one-day-old healthy avian broiler chickens were randomly allotted into four equal groups and fed with a corn-soybean basal diet containing 22.6 mg·F/kg (control group) or same basal diets supplemented with 400, 800, and 1200 mg·F/kg (high F groups I, II, and III) in the form of sodium fluoride for 42 days. At 42 days of age, the serum F content was markedly higher in the three high F groups than that in the control group. From 28 to 42 days of age, the contents of serum total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) were significantly lower in the three high F groups. From 14 to 42 days of age, the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the creatinine (Crea) contents in the serum showed a marked increase in the three high F groups;aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity and uric acid (Ua) content were significantly increased, and a significant increase in the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) along with marked decreases in the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), the glutathione (GSH) content and the ability to inhibit hydroxyl radical were observed in the high F groups II and III. In conclusion, F has accumulated in the blood circulatory system and dietary F in the range of 800 - 1200 mg/kg could significantly induce abnormalities of bone, liver and kidney, inhibit the synthesis of protein, enhance lipid peroxidation and disturb the antioxidative system of broiler chickens.展开更多
It is presently an established fact that pancreatic enzymes (amylase, lipase, and trypsin) can enter the bloodstream as well as the intestine. These enzymes normally circulate within the bloodstream in definite concen...It is presently an established fact that pancreatic enzymes (amylase, lipase, and trypsin) can enter the bloodstream as well as the intestine. These enzymes normally circulate within the bloodstream in definite concentration ranges. There is a lack of available information on the interrelationships between the enzymatic activities in pancreatic juice and blood serum in poultry. The study presented was aimed at the determination of possible correlation between the activities of the digestive enzymes in pancreatic juice or pancreatic tissue and in blood serum in chicken. The study was performed on Leghorn cockerels with chronically fistulated main pancreatic duct, and broiler chicks at different ages (14, 24, 28, and 35 days). Activities of all digestive enzymes in pancreatic juice in cockerels were found to grow in 1 hr after the feeding: amylase by 1.8 times, lipase 1.5 times, and proteases 1.3 times compared to basal level (after starving). Activity of trypsin in serum significantly increased by 67.4% in 1 hr after the feeding (P 0.001) while activities of amylase and lipase remained at their respective preprandial levels. The activities of pancreatic enzymes in the pancreas and blood serum in broilers at different ages were positively correlated: r = 0.54 for amylase, r = 0.96 for lipase, and r = 0.99 for trypsin. The strong positive correlation between tryptic activities in the pancreas or pancreatic juice and in blood serum in chicken can be a starting point for further research on the functions of circulatory trypsin which can include the regulation of exocrine pancreatic activity and other vital functions.展开更多
The effect of velogenic Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) on the immune responses and serum proteins was investigated in six-week-old ducks and chickens. Results showed that weight loss was markedly significant (p < 0...The effect of velogenic Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) on the immune responses and serum proteins was investigated in six-week-old ducks and chickens. Results showed that weight loss was markedly significant (p < 0.05) from days 3 - 21 (PI) in chickens and mild (p < 0.05) on days 3 and 15 PI in ducks. The antibody response obtained showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in infected chickens (IC) than those of the infected ducks (ID). While the total serum protein and serum globulin increased significantly (p < 0.05) in IC on days 7 and 14 PI, they decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in ID only on day 21 PI. The immune responses and serum protein values in this experiment X-ray showed less susceptibility of ducks when compared with the chickens. This may be related to marked anorexia and severe dehydration observed in the latter consequent upon serum concentration. Ducks could be maintaining the endemicity of Newcastle disease (ND) as reservoir host.展开更多
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of onion (Allium cepa L.) as an antibiotic growth promoter substitute on growth performance, immune responses and serum biochemistry in broilers. A total of 192 one...This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of onion (Allium cepa L.) as an antibiotic growth promoter substitute on growth performance, immune responses and serum biochemistry in broilers. A total of 192 one-d-old as hatched broiler chicks (Ross 308) were weighed and randomly allocated to four treatment groups, each with 4 replicate pens of 12 chicks. The dietary treatments consisted of the basal diet (control), antibiotic (15 mg Virginiamycin/kg), and control +10 or 30 g fresh onion bulb/kg diet. Body weights of broilers were determined at d 1, 21 and 42, feed intake was determined at the same periods, and feed conversion ratio was calculated accordingly. At 14th and 21st days blood samples were taken for measuring antibody titers against NDV and at 42nd day for biochemical analysis. At d 42, two birds per replicate were slaughtered for determination of lymphoid organ weights. Dietary supplementation of30 g/kg onion increased final body weight of broilers at 42nd d of age compared to the other treatments (P < 0.05). Birds fed30 gonion/kg in the diet had the highest feed intake than other treatments at different growth periods (P < 0.05). Dietary treatments failed to induce any significant effect on antibody titers against NDV, although the weight of lymphoid organs was significantly (P Broilers receiving30 g/kg onion had a significantly higher HDL and lower triglyceride concentrations compared to control groups (P . Feeding30 g/kg onion resulted in a marked reduction in the concentration of the glucose compared to control groups (P . The results suggested that dietary inclusion of30 g/kg onion can be applied as alternatives to in-feed antibiotics for broiler diets.展开更多
基金The National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21177163)111 Project B08044+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(0910KYZY45)"985 Project"of Minzu University of China(MUC 98507-08)"211 Project"of Minzu University of China(MUC 02121103)
文摘Based on the self-ordered ring(SOR) fluorescence microscopic imaging technique on a hydrophobic glass slide with Zn 2+ and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTMAB) as sensitizer,and poly(vinyl alcohol)-124(PVA-124) and NH 3-NH 4 Cl(pH 10.00) as the medium,a method has been developed for determining sparfloxacin(SPFX) concentrations in chicken serum and residues in chicken tissues and manures.When the droplet volume was 0.20 μ L,SPFX was determined in the range of 1.38×10-13 ～2.03×10-12 mol.ring-1(or 6.90×10-7 ～1.02×10-5 mol.L-1),and the limit of detection(LOD) was 14fmol.ring-1(or 6.90× 10-8 mol.L-1).The recoveries of SPFX at all different spiked levels are in the range of 90.74%～106.61% when the methanol or acetonitrile were used as extracting agent,respectively,and the relative standard deviations(RSDs) are less than 3.0%.This study expands the applied fields of SOR technique in drug concentrations and residues determination.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Development Program of Nanning City(20155181)Key Technology Research and Development Program of Guangxi Province(14121003-3-3)
文摘[Objective] This trial was to investigate the effect of dietary Picria felterrae Lour extracts on serum biochemical indexes and immune function of Guangxi Partridge chickens. [Method] Totally 500 individuals of 1-day-old Guangxi Partridge chickens were randomly divided into five groups, five replicates each group and 20 chicks each replicate. Groups A, B and C were treatment groups supplemented with 0.70%, 0.35% and0.175% P. felterrae extracts in the basal diet, respectively; group D was a medical control group supplemented with 0.01% colistin sulfate premix in the basal diet; and group E was a control group with basal diet. Serum samples were collected from 10 chickens in each group at 21, 35 and 49 days of age, to analyze the biochemical and immune indexes. [Result] It had no significant impact on serum TP and GLU contents of chickens by adding different levels of P. felterrae extracts in the basal diet（P 〉0.05）. However, at 21 and 35 days of age, the TBILI content of chickens in groups A, B and C were extremely lower or significantly lower than that in group E（ P〈0.01; P〈0.05）. At 35 days of age, the serum AKP activities in groups A, B and C were extremely higher than that in group E（P〈0.01）, and the serum GOT activities at 21 and 35 days of age in group C were significantly higher than that in group E（P〈0.05）. At 49 days of age, the serum Ig G content in groups A, B and C and the IL-2 content in group B and group C were significantly lower or extremely lower than that in group E（ P〈0.05; P〈0.01）; the T-AOC content in group B was significantly higher than that in group E（P〈0.05）; the GSH content in groups A, B and C were significantly higher than that in group E（ P〈0.05）. Adding different levels of P. felterrae extracts in the diet significantly decreased the TBILI content, reduced the Ig G, IL-2 and IL-6 contents, and improved the AKP and GOT activities and the T-AOC and GSH contents of Guangxi Partridge chicken. [Conclusion] Adding 0.35% P. felterrae extracts in the basal diet received the best effort.
基金Supported by Major Science and Technology Project in Henan Province(111100110300)Innovative Talents Projects in Universities and Colleges in Henan Province(2012HASTIT008)
文摘The research aimed to study the effects of pine needle on immunity and serum cholesterol of chickens. Totally 240 healthy Roman cocks （one day old） were randomly divided into four groups, three replicates each group and 20 chickens per replicate. The chickens in contrel group were fed with basal diet and nor- real drinking water; the chickens in groups I and II were fed with the basal diet added with 0.5 and 1.0 g/ehieken pine needle powder, respectively; the chickens in group HI were fed with pine needle decoction at the dose of 0.5 g/chicken. The pre-trial lasted 4 d, and the former trial lasted 70 d. The results showed that the percentages of CD3＋ CD4 ＋ T lymphocytes in groups I, II and III were higher than that in control group at the 15th day after the first immunization, but the percenta- ges in groups 1 and II were lower than that in control group at the 30th , 45th and 60th days, and the percentage in group III was lower than that in control group at the 45th day. The percentages of CD3＋ CD8 ＋ T lymphocytes in groups I, II and III were higher than that in control group at the 15th, 30th and 45th days after the first immunization, but the percentages in groups I and III were lower than that in control group at the 60th day. At the 14th and 21st days after the first immunization, the levels of NDV antibody in groups I and II were lower than that in control group, but the levels at the 28th and 35th days were higher than that in control group. The level of NDV antibody in group III was higher than that in control group at the 14th and 21st days while it was lower at the 7th and 35th days. The levels of serum total cholesterol and trigtyceride in groups I, II and III had lower trend compared with control group, and the levels of serum triglyceride in groups I and II were significantly lower than that in control group and group III （P 〈0.05 ）. The levels of serum low density lipoprotein in groups II and III were lower than that in control group, while the level of serum high density lipoprotein in group II was higher than that in control group, but there were no significant differences （P 〉 0.05 ）. In conclusion, pine needle has many functions as follows ： promoting the proliferation and differentiation of T lymphocytes, improving the content of CD3＋CD4 ＋ and CD3 ＋ CD8＋ lymphocyte, collaborating with vaecine to enhance the specific immune, and reducing the serum cholesterol level in different degrees.
文摘The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high dietary fluoride (F) on serum biochemistry and oxidative damage in broiler chickens. 280 one-day-old healthy avian broiler chickens were randomly allotted into four equal groups and fed with a corn-soybean basal diet containing 22.6 mg·F/kg (control group) or same basal diets supplemented with 400, 800, and 1200 mg·F/kg (high F groups I, II, and III) in the form of sodium fluoride for 42 days. At 42 days of age, the serum F content was markedly higher in the three high F groups than that in the control group. From 28 to 42 days of age, the contents of serum total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) were significantly lower in the three high F groups. From 14 to 42 days of age, the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the creatinine (Crea) contents in the serum showed a marked increase in the three high F groups;aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity and uric acid (Ua) content were significantly increased, and a significant increase in the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) along with marked decreases in the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), the glutathione (GSH) content and the ability to inhibit hydroxyl radical were observed in the high F groups II and III. In conclusion, F has accumulated in the blood circulatory system and dietary F in the range of 800 - 1200 mg/kg could significantly induce abnormalities of bone, liver and kidney, inhibit the synthesis of protein, enhance lipid peroxidation and disturb the antioxidative system of broiler chickens.
文摘It is presently an established fact that pancreatic enzymes (amylase, lipase, and trypsin) can enter the bloodstream as well as the intestine. These enzymes normally circulate within the bloodstream in definite concentration ranges. There is a lack of available information on the interrelationships between the enzymatic activities in pancreatic juice and blood serum in poultry. The study presented was aimed at the determination of possible correlation between the activities of the digestive enzymes in pancreatic juice or pancreatic tissue and in blood serum in chicken. The study was performed on Leghorn cockerels with chronically fistulated main pancreatic duct, and broiler chicks at different ages (14, 24, 28, and 35 days). Activities of all digestive enzymes in pancreatic juice in cockerels were found to grow in 1 hr after the feeding: amylase by 1.8 times, lipase 1.5 times, and proteases 1.3 times compared to basal level (after starving). Activity of trypsin in serum significantly increased by 67.4% in 1 hr after the feeding (P 0.001) while activities of amylase and lipase remained at their respective preprandial levels. The activities of pancreatic enzymes in the pancreas and blood serum in broilers at different ages were positively correlated: r = 0.54 for amylase, r = 0.96 for lipase, and r = 0.99 for trypsin. The strong positive correlation between tryptic activities in the pancreas or pancreatic juice and in blood serum in chicken can be a starting point for further research on the functions of circulatory trypsin which can include the regulation of exocrine pancreatic activity and other vital functions.
文摘The effect of velogenic Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) on the immune responses and serum proteins was investigated in six-week-old ducks and chickens. Results showed that weight loss was markedly significant (p < 0.05) from days 3 - 21 (PI) in chickens and mild (p < 0.05) on days 3 and 15 PI in ducks. The antibody response obtained showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in infected chickens (IC) than those of the infected ducks (ID). While the total serum protein and serum globulin increased significantly (p < 0.05) in IC on days 7 and 14 PI, they decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in ID only on day 21 PI. The immune responses and serum protein values in this experiment X-ray showed less susceptibility of ducks when compared with the chickens. This may be related to marked anorexia and severe dehydration observed in the latter consequent upon serum concentration. Ducks could be maintaining the endemicity of Newcastle disease (ND) as reservoir host.
文摘This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of onion (Allium cepa L.) as an antibiotic growth promoter substitute on growth performance, immune responses and serum biochemistry in broilers. A total of 192 one-d-old as hatched broiler chicks (Ross 308) were weighed and randomly allocated to four treatment groups, each with 4 replicate pens of 12 chicks. The dietary treatments consisted of the basal diet (control), antibiotic (15 mg Virginiamycin/kg), and control +10 or 30 g fresh onion bulb/kg diet. Body weights of broilers were determined at d 1, 21 and 42, feed intake was determined at the same periods, and feed conversion ratio was calculated accordingly. At 14th and 21st days blood samples were taken for measuring antibody titers against NDV and at 42nd day for biochemical analysis. At d 42, two birds per replicate were slaughtered for determination of lymphoid organ weights. Dietary supplementation of30 g/kg onion increased final body weight of broilers at 42nd d of age compared to the other treatments (P < 0.05). Birds fed30 gonion/kg in the diet had the highest feed intake than other treatments at different growth periods (P < 0.05). Dietary treatments failed to induce any significant effect on antibody titers against NDV, although the weight of lymphoid organs was significantly (P Broilers receiving30 g/kg onion had a significantly higher HDL and lower triglyceride concentrations compared to control groups (P . Feeding30 g/kg onion resulted in a marked reduction in the concentration of the glucose compared to control groups (P . The results suggested that dietary inclusion of30 g/kg onion can be applied as alternatives to in-feed antibiotics for broiler diets.
