On March 24th,2021,with the initiative of the Chinese government and the promotion of well-known scholars in public administration,the(qualitative)case study seminar of Tsinghua University initiated the case study mov...On March 24th,2021,with the initiative of the Chinese government and the promotion of well-known scholars in public administration,the(qualitative)case study seminar of Tsinghua University initiated the case study movement.The Case Study Seminar of Young Scholars was also held on November 16th 2021,and the Case Study Seminar of the Case Center of the Ministry of Education was held on November 17th 2021.If the three Minnowbrook Conferences of the United States were of epoch-making significance to the transformation of the paradigm of public administration theories and practices,then the three conferences also have the epoch-making significance of the paradigm transformation of case studies of public administration in China.Under the background of great changes in the global power contrast and profound reform in China,this review paper tries to use the interpretation and interpretation of critical discourse,especially to explain the Chinese theories which are in-depth,refined and transformed by the case study method of Chinese stories,and the Chinese solutions plausible for Chinese theories.In view of the diversity and complexity of Chinese theories and Chinese solutions,this paper mainly focuses on the realization of Chinese theoretical construction and the formulation of Chinese solutions through the discourse interpretation of Chinese case propositions.展开更多
Viral hepatitis is an important challenge to public health worldwide.As hepatitis B is well controlled due to vaccination,the disease burden caused by the spread of hepatitis C has become increasingly prominent.Hepati...Viral hepatitis is an important challenge to public health worldwide.As hepatitis B is well controlled due to vaccination,the disease burden caused by the spread of hepatitis C has become increasingly prominent.Hepatitis C is an infectious disease that is mainly blood-borne.The rate of chronicity ranges from 55% to 85% after people are infected with the hepatitis C virus （HCV）.展开更多
This article investigates in detail the structure, genesis and development of parallel-type warm sector rainbands from radar observations. By comparing these observations with diagnostic results from temperature, pres...This article investigates in detail the structure, genesis and development of parallel-type warm sector rainbands from radar observations. By comparing these observations with diagnostic results from temperature, pressure, moisture and wind data, which are both actually observed and numerically generated by a mesoscale model, and the theory of symmetric instability, it is found that the conditional symmetric instability might be responsible for the formation and development of these rainbands.展开更多
For the purpose of summarising the judicial experiencein adjudicating IP-related cases and familarising the readersin China and overseas with the practical situation of
To understand the epidemic situation and factors influencing rabies cases in children in China, we obtained an overview of the current epidemic based on individual data of rabies cases in children and a descriptive an...To understand the epidemic situation and factors influencing rabies cases in children in China, we obtained an overview of the current epidemic based on individual data of rabies cases in children and a descriptive analysis was carried on the prevalence and related factors. The results showed that the rabies cases in children accounted for 21.3% of the total number of rabies cases in China, 97.0% of these cases occurred in rural areas, they were mainly caused by dogs （81.5%）, and were primarily level Ill exposure （47.7%）. More than half of the cases were not treated with wound care, vaccination rate was extremely low （15.7%）, and only 5.9% of cases were injected with antibodies. Furthermore, 25.4% of cases adopted incorrect treatments such as extruding bleed and wound closure, cases vaccinated with 5 injections acco- unted for only 22.5%. In conclusion, the prevalence of rabies cases in children in China remains a serious concern, the number and immune status of dogs in rural areas, and knowledge of rabies by risk populations should be considered in future rabies prevention and control programs.展开更多
Environmental pollution has caused wide social concern,and it demands immediate attention to striking at the crime in the environmental pollution. At present,there are difficulties of putting a case on file,collecting...Environmental pollution has caused wide social concern,and it demands immediate attention to striking at the crime in the environmental pollution. At present,there are difficulties of putting a case on file,collecting evidence,judicial identification,and presumption of causal relationship in investigation of environmental pollution cases. In accordance with current situations,it came up following recommendations:(i) widely collecting case clues to solve the difficulty of putting a case on file;(ii) improving the ability of collecting evidence and standardizing the evidence collection,to solve the difficulty of evidence collection.(iii) including the environmental pollution judicial identification system,and unifying the identification standards,to solve the difficulty in identification. It is recommended to use the epidemiological causal relationship theory combined with enough high-quality evidences to solve the difficulty in presumption of causal relationship.展开更多
The president of the National Council of Textile Organizations(NCTO )has written a letter to the Mexican Economic Secretary Hugo Diaz strongly endorsing his country’s decision to seek a World Trade Organization(WTO)
Reference values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)are the key to interpret ESR blood test in clinic.The common local reference ESR values are more accuracy in blood test that are established with natural geograph...Reference values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)are the key to interpret ESR blood test in clinic.The common local reference ESR values are more accuracy in blood test that are established with natural geographical factors by using the multiple linear regression(MLR)model and the artificial neural network(ANN).These knowledge-based methods have limitations since the knowledge domains of ESR and natural geographical factors are limited.This paper presents a new cases-depended model to establish reference ESR values with natural geographical factors and location using case-based reasoning(CBR)since knowledge domain of ESR and geographical factors is weak.Overall 224 local normal ESR values of China that calculated from 13623 samples were obtained,and the corresponding natural geographical factors and location that include altitude,sunshine hours,relative humidity,temperature,precipitation,annual temperature range and annual average wind speed were obtained from the National Geomatics Center of China.CBR was used to predict the unseen local reference ESR values with cases.The average absolute deviation(AAD),mean square error(MSE),prediction accuracy(PA),and Pearson correlation coefficient(r)between the observed and estimated data of proposed model is 33.07%,9.02,66.93% and 0.78,which are better than those of ANN and MLR model.The results show that the proposed model provides higher prediction accuracy than those of the artificial neural network and multiple linear regression models.The predicted values are very close to the observed values.Model results show significant agreement of cases data.Consequently,the model is used to predict the unseen local reference ESR with natural geographical factors and location.In spatial,the highest ESR reference areas are distributed in the southern-western district of China that includes Sichuan,Chongqing,Guangxi and Guizhou provinces,and the reference ESR values are greater than 23 mm/60 min.The higher ESR reference values are distributed in the middle part and northern-eastern of China which include Hubei,Henan,Shaanxi,Shanxi,Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces,and the reference ESR values are greater than 18 mm/60min.The lowest ESR reference values are distributed in the northern-western of China that includes Tibet and Xinjiang,and the reference ESR values are lower than 5 mm/60min.展开更多
Exchange and cooperation in the field of human rights education, between higher education and research institutions in the Chinese mainland and foreign human rights institutions and relevant international organization...Exchange and cooperation in the field of human rights education, between higher education and research institutions in the Chinese mainland and foreign human rights institutions and relevant international organizations, are an important aspect of human rights exchange and cooperation between the Chinese mainland and foreign countries. The China University of Political Science and Law is the first university in the mainland to establish the human rights law discipline and one of the first national human rights education and training bases, playing an exemplary and leading role in the field of human rights education and foreign exchange and cooperation. Summaries and analyses of the background, objectives,展开更多
BACKGROUND Oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1(OFD1) is a rare ciliopathy mainly with an Xlinked dominant pattern of inheritance, which is caused by mutations in the OFD1 gene. The OFD1 protein is located within the c...BACKGROUND Oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1(OFD1) is a rare ciliopathy mainly with an Xlinked dominant pattern of inheritance, which is caused by mutations in the OFD1 gene. The OFD1 protein is located within the centrosomes and basal bodies of the primary cilia. It is reported that approximately 15%–50% cases of OFD1 progress to end-stage renal disease(ESRD) following development of polycystic kidney diseases(PKD). Here we report a pair of childhood male twins who presented only renal failure and PKD caused by an OFD1 mutation in China.CASE SUMMARY A pair of 14-year male twins were hospitalized with a complaint of abnormal renal function for nine days. They both complained of ankle pain for 3 mo vs 2 wk, respectively. They denied fever, abdominal pain, daytime or nighttime enuresis, urgency, dysuria, or gross hematuria. Laboratory tests at a local hospital showed renal failure(serum creatinine 485 μmol/L vs 442 μmol/L, blood urea nitrogen 14.7 mol/L vs 14.5 mol/L) and anemia(hemoglobin 88 g/L vs 98 g/L).The twins are monozygotic. There was no abnormal birth, past medical, or family history. Clinical data were analyzed and genetic analysis on PKD was carried out in the twins by next-generation sequencing. The results showed that the twins presented low-molecular-weight proteinuria, hyposthenuria, anemia, renal failure, and renal polycystic changes. Genetic tests showed that the twins both carried a hemizygous mutation in exon 19 c.2524 G>A(p. G842 R) of the OFD1 gene. Their mother heterozygously carried the same mutation as the twins but was without any phenotypes while their father was normal.CONCLUSION We have reported a pair of childhood male twins with an OFD1 mutation who presented ESRD and PKD but without any other phenotypes of OFD1 in China.展开更多
文摘On March 24th,2021,with the initiative of the Chinese government and the promotion of well-known scholars in public administration,the(qualitative)case study seminar of Tsinghua University initiated the case study movement.The Case Study Seminar of Young Scholars was also held on November 16th 2021,and the Case Study Seminar of the Case Center of the Ministry of Education was held on November 17th 2021.If the three Minnowbrook Conferences of the United States were of epoch-making significance to the transformation of the paradigm of public administration theories and practices,then the three conferences also have the epoch-making significance of the paradigm transformation of case studies of public administration in China.Under the background of great changes in the global power contrast and profound reform in China,this review paper tries to use the interpretation and interpretation of critical discourse,especially to explain the Chinese theories which are in-depth,refined and transformed by the case study method of Chinese stories,and the Chinese solutions plausible for Chinese theories.In view of the diversity and complexity of Chinese theories and Chinese solutions,this paper mainly focuses on the realization of Chinese theoretical construction and the formulation of Chinese solutions through the discourse interpretation of Chinese case propositions.
文摘Viral hepatitis is an important challenge to public health worldwide.As hepatitis B is well controlled due to vaccination,the disease burden caused by the spread of hepatitis C has become increasingly prominent.Hepatitis C is an infectious disease that is mainly blood-borne.The rate of chronicity ranges from 55% to 85% after people are infected with the hepatitis C virus （HCV）.
文摘This article investigates in detail the structure, genesis and development of parallel-type warm sector rainbands from radar observations. By comparing these observations with diagnostic results from temperature, pressure, moisture and wind data, which are both actually observed and numerically generated by a mesoscale model, and the theory of symmetric instability, it is found that the conditional symmetric instability might be responsible for the formation and development of these rainbands.
文摘For the purpose of summarising the judicial experiencein adjudicating IP-related cases and familarising the readersin China and overseas with the practical situation of
基金supported by grants from the National Department Public Benefit Research Foundation(201103032)
文摘To understand the epidemic situation and factors influencing rabies cases in children in China, we obtained an overview of the current epidemic based on individual data of rabies cases in children and a descriptive analysis was carried on the prevalence and related factors. The results showed that the rabies cases in children accounted for 21.3% of the total number of rabies cases in China, 97.0% of these cases occurred in rural areas, they were mainly caused by dogs （81.5%）, and were primarily level Ill exposure （47.7%）. More than half of the cases were not treated with wound care, vaccination rate was extremely low （15.7%）, and only 5.9% of cases were injected with antibodies. Furthermore, 25.4% of cases adopted incorrect treatments such as extruding bleed and wound closure, cases vaccinated with 5 injections acco- unted for only 22.5%. In conclusion, the prevalence of rabies cases in children in China remains a serious concern, the number and immune status of dogs in rural areas, and knowledge of rabies by risk populations should be considered in future rabies prevention and control programs.
文摘Environmental pollution has caused wide social concern,and it demands immediate attention to striking at the crime in the environmental pollution. At present,there are difficulties of putting a case on file,collecting evidence,judicial identification,and presumption of causal relationship in investigation of environmental pollution cases. In accordance with current situations,it came up following recommendations:(i) widely collecting case clues to solve the difficulty of putting a case on file;(ii) improving the ability of collecting evidence and standardizing the evidence collection,to solve the difficulty of evidence collection.(iii) including the environmental pollution judicial identification system,and unifying the identification standards,to solve the difficulty in identification. It is recommended to use the epidemiological causal relationship theory combined with enough high-quality evidences to solve the difficulty in presumption of causal relationship.
文摘The president of the National Council of Textile Organizations(NCTO )has written a letter to the Mexican Economic Secretary Hugo Diaz strongly endorsing his country’s decision to seek a World Trade Organization(WTO)
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40971060)
文摘Reference values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)are the key to interpret ESR blood test in clinic.The common local reference ESR values are more accuracy in blood test that are established with natural geographical factors by using the multiple linear regression(MLR)model and the artificial neural network(ANN).These knowledge-based methods have limitations since the knowledge domains of ESR and natural geographical factors are limited.This paper presents a new cases-depended model to establish reference ESR values with natural geographical factors and location using case-based reasoning(CBR)since knowledge domain of ESR and geographical factors is weak.Overall 224 local normal ESR values of China that calculated from 13623 samples were obtained,and the corresponding natural geographical factors and location that include altitude,sunshine hours,relative humidity,temperature,precipitation,annual temperature range and annual average wind speed were obtained from the National Geomatics Center of China.CBR was used to predict the unseen local reference ESR values with cases.The average absolute deviation(AAD),mean square error(MSE),prediction accuracy(PA),and Pearson correlation coefficient(r)between the observed and estimated data of proposed model is 33.07%,9.02,66.93% and 0.78,which are better than those of ANN and MLR model.The results show that the proposed model provides higher prediction accuracy than those of the artificial neural network and multiple linear regression models.The predicted values are very close to the observed values.Model results show significant agreement of cases data.Consequently,the model is used to predict the unseen local reference ESR with natural geographical factors and location.In spatial,the highest ESR reference areas are distributed in the southern-western district of China that includes Sichuan,Chongqing,Guangxi and Guizhou provinces,and the reference ESR values are greater than 23 mm/60 min.The higher ESR reference values are distributed in the middle part and northern-eastern of China which include Hubei,Henan,Shaanxi,Shanxi,Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces,and the reference ESR values are greater than 18 mm/60min.The lowest ESR reference values are distributed in the northern-western of China that includes Tibet and Xinjiang,and the reference ESR values are lower than 5 mm/60min.
文摘Exchange and cooperation in the field of human rights education, between higher education and research institutions in the Chinese mainland and foreign human rights institutions and relevant international organizations, are an important aspect of human rights exchange and cooperation between the Chinese mainland and foreign countries. The China University of Political Science and Law is the first university in the mainland to establish the human rights law discipline and one of the first national human rights education and training bases, playing an exemplary and leading role in the field of human rights education and foreign exchange and cooperation. Summaries and analyses of the background, objectives,
文摘BACKGROUND Oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1(OFD1) is a rare ciliopathy mainly with an Xlinked dominant pattern of inheritance, which is caused by mutations in the OFD1 gene. The OFD1 protein is located within the centrosomes and basal bodies of the primary cilia. It is reported that approximately 15%–50% cases of OFD1 progress to end-stage renal disease(ESRD) following development of polycystic kidney diseases(PKD). Here we report a pair of childhood male twins who presented only renal failure and PKD caused by an OFD1 mutation in China.CASE SUMMARY A pair of 14-year male twins were hospitalized with a complaint of abnormal renal function for nine days. They both complained of ankle pain for 3 mo vs 2 wk, respectively. They denied fever, abdominal pain, daytime or nighttime enuresis, urgency, dysuria, or gross hematuria. Laboratory tests at a local hospital showed renal failure(serum creatinine 485 μmol/L vs 442 μmol/L, blood urea nitrogen 14.7 mol/L vs 14.5 mol/L) and anemia(hemoglobin 88 g/L vs 98 g/L).The twins are monozygotic. There was no abnormal birth, past medical, or family history. Clinical data were analyzed and genetic analysis on PKD was carried out in the twins by next-generation sequencing. The results showed that the twins presented low-molecular-weight proteinuria, hyposthenuria, anemia, renal failure, and renal polycystic changes. Genetic tests showed that the twins both carried a hemizygous mutation in exon 19 c.2524 G>A(p. G842 R) of the OFD1 gene. Their mother heterozygously carried the same mutation as the twins but was without any phenotypes while their father was normal.CONCLUSION We have reported a pair of childhood male twins with an OFD1 mutation who presented ESRD and PKD but without any other phenotypes of OFD1 in China.
