PROVISIONS OF THE CUSTOMS OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON EXTERNAL AUDIT AND CERTIFICATE OF EXTERNAL AUDIT ISSUED RECENTLY BY THE GENERAL ADMINISTRATION OF CUSTOMS OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

In accordance with the regulations as stipulated in the Pro-visions of the Customs of the People’s Republic of China on Ex-ternal Audit, the Customs officers engaged in external audit shalluse the Certificate of External Audit of the Customs (hereinafterreferred to as Certificate) as of June 5, 1997. The Certificate has ablack leather outer covering and is inlaid inside with a pierced andguilded customs emblem, which consists of the red national em-blem in its upper part, and a key and a truncheon encircled by earsof wheat in its lower part. Put in a leather covering, the Certificateis a card sealed up with plastics, on which there is a bareheadedcolour photo of the holder in the Customs uniform and with a

Perspective of World Economy and China's External Economic Environment

Owing to a series of impacts of the "9·11 terrorist attack," the accounting scandals of big companies, Iraq War and the SARS crisis in the past two years, the world economy that might have rebounded forcefully has been on a wavering process of slow recovery.

China's External Economic Environment in the Early New Century

Four Changes in World EconomyFirst,a new round of global economic growth is under way.In 2000,oil pricerose rapidly,stoek markets and exchange rates remained volatile and interestrates went up.All these disadvantages did not undermine the foundations of worldeconomy,and the average growth rate of global gross domestic product(GDP)

The Emergence of “Wolf Warrior Diplomacy”: A New and Assertive Brand of Chinese Diplomacy

The study examines the rise of China’s strong and distinctive“Wolf Warrior Diplomacy”,which has gained popularity in recent years.This research attempts to offer a thorough knowledge of the causes,motivators,and essential traits of China’s new global diplomatic strategy.The research aims to provide light on the motivations and goals driving Wolf Warrior Diplomacy by a thorough investigation of historical events,official statements,and media representations.The study uses a mixed-methods approach and includes case studies of significant diplomatic incidents involving Chinese officials as well as qualitative content analysis.The research tries to discover patterns of behavior and evaluate their impact on international relations by looking at the language and strategies employed by China’s diplomatic officials.China’s Wolf Warrior Diplomacy addresses domestic political climate,world power dynamics,and national interests using authoritative language,nationalism,and media participation,influencing global community reactions.Chinese international relations’Wolf Warrior Diplomacy provides insightful information for decision-makers,academics,and practitioners,encouraging civil discourse and international cooperation in an aggressive age.

China's Mining Industry Embraces Golden Time for External Investment

At the 2016(The 4th)International Summit Forum on Mining Development held on December 8,attending experts said,under dual pressures of meeting peak period of resource demand and confronting industry adjustment,over supply of global major mineral products will continue,in the next three to five years prices of mineral products may continue to

China’s Development Should Respond to The New External Challenges

The international financial crisis has entered its fifth year,the euro-zone sovereign debt crisis is still fermenting,world economic growth is weak,the future development of China is facing multiple challenges and its external environment for sustainable development strategy witnesses a number of risks and uncertainties.

China's Sovereign Wealth Fund:Weakness and Challenges

The establishment of sovereign wealth funds in large developing countries has generated hot debate among participants in the international financial market. When accumulated foreign exchange reserves surpass a sufficient and an appropriate level, the costs, risks and impacts of holding reserves on the macroeconomy of a country need to be considered. The Chinese Government established China Investment Corporation （ CIC） in 2007 to diversify its investment of foreign reserves and to raise investment income. However, because of certain conflicts of interest and institution-design caveats, CIC possesses some internal weakness, including a vague orientation, mixed investment strategies and an inefficient bureaucratic style. Although the subprime crisis has softened certain regulations and lessened rejection by the USA of ClC potential investments, the increased volatility and uncertainty of the market means that CIC is facing some new challenges in terms of its investment decisions. Moreover, CIC is competing with other Chinese investment institutions for injections of funds from the Chinese Government.

估值效应规模及结构对中国外部财富的影响

基于估值效应规模及结构分解理论,可以对中、美两国的估值效应进行测算。针对1982—2012年中国经济数据构建VAR模型,实证分析中国外部财富中估值效应变动与净外部资产、汇率、资产价格之间的动态关系。研究结果表明,估值效应对中国外部财富变动的影响在不断加大,估值效应的变动主要由净外部资产自身的投资组合和币种配置决定,资产价格比汇率能解释更多的估值效应波动。

中国经济发达地区农业的功能价值及其发展对策研究——以江苏苏州为例

为给中国经济发达地区现代农业的率先发展提供理论支撑,从农业多功能性、农业外部性以及农业生态服务价值等支撑现代农业发展的理论出发,以经济较为发达的苏州为例,论证在经济发达地区农业具有调节农(副)产品供应、涵蓄农村劳动力就业、保护生态环境、增加农民收入、传承农业文化等五大其他产业不可替代的重要功能。提出中国经济发达地区应以基本农田保留为前提,以初级农产品适量供给、人居环境保护、农业景观维护、农耕文化传承等多功能实现为目标,通过牢固树立现代农业价值观,建立健全的现代农业制度,大力加强地方公共财政的投入,从技术和管理2个层面提升农业的功能价值,实现农民增收,进一步促进农业的可持续发展、促进城乡经济的统筹发展、促进人与自然的和谐发展的思路和对策。

我国主权财富基金发展的政治经济分析——基于非传统安全理论

当前中国主权财富基金的发展,牵涉到国与国之间的国家与市场关系,这其中既充满合作也具有竞争。中国主权财富基金的资金输出,对于中国自身与受资国在安全层面上也产生了很大程度的影响。从"非传统安全理论"的角度来看,中国投资有限责任公司应通过强化外部治理、建立国际化人才培养机制、完善风险控制机制以及继续增加透明度等措施,对我国主权财富基金发展过程中所面临的问题进行有针对性的改进,以使中国主权财富基金发挥更积极的影响、创造更佳的投资业绩。

本土汽车企业网络外部性与非价格竞争策略

在我国汽车市场整体表现良好的情况下,本土汽车企业的经营却十分惨淡。针对这种状况,对本土汽车企业的网络外部性特征进行了分析,提出通过采取非价格竞争策略提升本土汽车企业直接和间接的网络外部性优势,提升本土汽车品牌形象,提升服务质量,降低使用成本,提高市场竞争力。

浅谈邓小平发展理论与西部大开发

立足于三个方面阐述了邓小平思想与西部大开发的一些关系 :其一 ,邓小平“两个大局”兼顾的思想与西部大开发 ;其二 ,邓小平“共同富裕”思想与西部大开发 ;其三 ,邓小平社会主义本质论与西部大开发。这三个方面有着必然的不可分割的联系 ,从不同的侧重点 ,以层层递进的方式说明了西部大开发的战略决策是以邓小平理论为指导的伟大实践 ,是邓小平思想的真实实现。本文所要强调的是 ,伟大的实践必然伴随伟大的理论 。

中国在斐济的国际影响力受何影响——以中美关系为外部因素的分析

中国在斐济的国际影响力不仅关系到中国在斐济的发展,而且关系到中国在南太平洋地区的前景,但是近年来中美关系的变化使得中国在南太平洋地区的前景面临考验。通过界定中国在斐济影响力的指标,对2000年至2013年中美关系及中国在斐济影响力的各个构成因素与影响力的关系进行相关分析和回归分析,可以发现:中美关系的变化不会影响中国在斐济的影响力,但却与中国对斐济的进出口总额呈正相关关系。中国在斐济的影响力主要受领导人出访斐济的次数、对斐济的进出口总额以及对斐济的公共外交成果这三个方面的影响,特别是与对斐济的公共外交有着较强的正向因果关系。

Biological macro-idea and criterion of osteopathic fracture immobilization in China's traditional mongolian medicine

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biological macro-idea and criterion of osteopathic fracture immobilization in China's traditional Mongolian medicine.METHODS:Based on biological naturalism regarding the relationship between man and universe(including psychosomatic integration) in osteopathic fracture immobilization in China's traditional Mongolian medicine,we used modern physiopsychological and biomechanical principles and methods to investigate the biological macro-characteristics of humanization,behaviorism,and wholism in "dynamic" fixation of fractures.RESULTS:Osteopathic fracture immobilization in China's traditional Mongolian medicine is based on the fixation criterion of macro-idea and method as well as on geometry,mechanics,motion,and stress and psychological stability in "non-sheltered fixation" of fractures contained in the life view of nature,regarding the relationship between man and universe(including psychosomatic integration) and on harmony between the limbs and the whole body,between body and function,and between man and nature.CONCLUSIONS:Osteopathic fracture immobilization in China's traditional Mongolian medicine is fixation without trauma or shelter.The principle and method of whole,dynamic,and functional fixation of fractures is not only radical,but also represents a new direction for developing the principle and method of fracture immobilization.

发展伦理学的中国经验教训--企业责任和可持续性

在过去30年间,中国取得了令人震惊的经济发展,这要求对财富创造的复杂过程有一种辨别认识。在文章第一部分中,笔者提出了一个财富创造新概念,它超越了赚钱、利润最大化和增值,并作为讨论文章主题的一种框架。在第二部分中,笔者探讨了这一新概念以何种方式、在何种程度上可能应用于中国的经济改革和发展,尤其是1980年代到1990年代的经济改革和发展。在第三部分,笔者概括出发展伦理学的两个经验教训。

Is China Able to Rise as a Civilization7 And How？

The secret that underlies China＇s rise is the search for wealth and power. China has indeed become a ＂modem＂ state in terms of GDP. However, at the price of the loss of ＂China＂ ： the rise of China went with the loss of its civilizational core. In the next several decades, the gap between developed countries and China does not consist in the level of wealth and power but in that of civilization. China should not become a clumsy follower of Western civilization; it needs instead to be cautious about its civilizational development.

全球失衡背景下中国外部财富分析

外部财富动态为理解全球失衡及其治理问题提供了新标准和新视角。与我国的经常账户持续盈余相对应,我国外部财富由负转正,但是外部财富的价值效应为负。运用外部财富的一个分析框架,对我国外部财富价值效应影响因素的分析表明,我国外部头寸与人民币名义汇率和实际利率存在显著的相互关系,与人民币实际有效汇率和美元实际利率则没有显著的相互关系。外部财富动态分析对于我国内外平衡的宏观经济政策选择具有丰富的政策含义。