Countermeasures and Prevention of Railway Traffic Accidents in the Early Days of the Founding of the People’s Republic of China

In the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China,in order to restore the national economy as soon as possible,the Communist Party of China carried out maintenance and repairs on the railways that caused serious damage to transportation tasks through war-torn smoke,and carried out large-scale railway construction.However,in the course of operation,railway safety accidents occur frequently due to outdated equipment,low quality of staff,lack of rules and regulations,vandalism,and various natural disasters.In the face of severe conditions,the railway authorities summed up the accidents and learned the safety of the railways,so that the railway transportation industry,which started after the founding of the country,was gradually on the right track,and laid a solid foundation for the safe development of the railway industry.

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF US ASIA-PACIFIC SECURITY STRATEGY AND CHINA'S COUNTERMEASURES

The US Asia-Pacific strategy is witnessing and will continue to witness new developments along with the evolution of its domestic politics as well as of the regional situation in Asia Pacific,particularly with Republican candidate Donald

China＇s Oil Security Issues and Countermeasures in the Context of Economic Globalization

In the context of economic globalization and economic crisis, China＇ s oil security issues are not merely related to energy access and consumption, but also involve many aspects of the political and economic factors which are becoming increasingly complex. In view of this, we should not only need to attach great importance to energy security, making full use of ＂two markets and two resources＂ to take a variety of channels to ensure oil supply diversification, but also should develop oil security strategy from a strategic level, and actively participate in international oil trading system. Furthermore, we should support China＇ s oil enterprises from the political, financial and other aspects, so as to ensure adequate, stable and affordable supply ofoil to meet China＇ s economic construction requirement.

Regulation on the Protection of Fossils Issued by the State Council of the People's Republic of China:Scientists' Researches Protected Legally—Further Explanation

With large-scale engineering projects being carried out in China, a large number of fossil localities have been discovered and excavated by responsible agencies, but still some important fossils of great value have been removed and smuggled into foreign countries. In the last three years, more than 1345 fossil specimens have been intercepted by Customs in Shenzhen, Shanghai, Tianjin, Beijing and elsewhere, and more than 5000 fossils, most of which are listed as key fossils,

China's Real-Estate Legal System——Interview with Construction Minister Hou Jie about the Real-Estate Administration Law

The City Real-Estate Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as Real-Estate Administration Law) was adopted at the Eighth Session of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People’s Congress, and will come into force on January 1, 1995. For the public, especially overseas investors, to understand the law, the reporter had an interview with Mr. Hou Jie, Minister of Construction. Q: Real estate has been an

China's Legal Assistance System:Important Judicial Guarantee For Human Rights

On July 21. 2003. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao signed the State Council Order No. 385, making public the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Legal Assistance. The Regulations has 31 articles in six chapters. The document came into effect on September 1, 2003. This is the first national law on legal assistance in China. The purpose of enacting the law is to ensure that citizens in financial difficulty could get necessary law service and the

Lawyers' Role Greater in China's Legal System——A review of legal services in China over the past two decades

Lawyers play no small a role in improving China’s legal system, which comes along with the country’s endeavor to build a market-oriented economy and open to the outside world. Legal services provided by lawyers have virtually become available to all sectors of society since the country adopted the policy of reform and opening up in the late 1970s.

Protection of Human Rights Under China's Legal System——An interview with Prof. Wan Exiang

Wan Exiang, professor of the Law School of Wuhan University, doubles as justice and vice-president of China's Supreme People's Court. He is also vice-chairman of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, one of the democratic parties in China, and member of the Tenth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, China's highest consulting body. Prof. Wan is reputed in China and abroad for his achievements in study of international human rights laws and also as the founder of the Wuhan University Center for Protection of the Rights of the Underprivileged in Society, the first of its kind ever set up in the country. Since its founding a decade ago, the center has won a fame for the quality legal services it renders to needy people in their tens of thousands, including disabled people, juveniles, women and workers laid off from state-owned enterprises in the course of China's economic restructuring. While a press favorite at home, the center has received coverage by the NHK TV of Japan, Washington Post of the United States, Phoenix TV of Hong Kong and numerous other media outside the Chinese mainland. Following is an interview with Prof. Wan Exiang, in which he discussed how human rights are protected under China's legal system and in what ways the system should be improved.

CPTPP超TRIPS边境措施的新挑战与应对——基于发展中国家的视角

CPTPP知识产权超TRIPS边境措施减损了TRIPS灵活性,增加了边境执法的不确定性,弱化了TRIPS保障性条款,破坏系统性制衡机制。在超TRIPS边境措施的条约义务与国家经济发展的现实需求之间寻求新的平衡,是发展中国家成员面临的新挑战。发展中国家成员应寻求有利于发展中国家的解释和执法空间,充分利用CPTPP关于特定公共健康谅解条款和原则性条款,对CPTPP超TRIPS边境措施进行合理解释,达到“选择性适应”。加入CPTPP符合中国的长远利益,中国在推进执法严格化的同时,应充分利用CPTPP的灵活性,推动知识产权边境执法制度向着更加公平和正义的方向发展。

Tapping excess capital in China’s banking system

Excessive liquidity seriously affects Chinese economy. Thus, various policy proposals have been submitted by some scholars. The author holds that whatever form it may take, reducing trade surplus would harm China’s economic development. On the other hand, it is difficult to boost domestic consumption by increasing the resident spending on food, clothing etc. In order to consolidate the policy of domestic demand, it is important to separate production and non-production investment and create better economic conditions by accelerating the development of non-production investment and increasing the supply of "housing, traveling and education" related consumption.

A probe into the strategy readjustment and countermeasures of China's auto industry

During the 20 years of after opening and reform, with the pro-gressive establishment of the new institutional frame of socialist mar-ket economy, China national econo-my has registered a continuous in-crease in marketalization and social-ization level. By the end of 1998,

中国海外私营安保公司:现状、问题、对策

随着我国海外利益日益增多,国家动用各种机制进行安全保护的急迫性和重要性与日俱增。与此相适应,对向政局不稳、环境危险、战乱频发的国家或地区提供安保服务的中国私营安保公司的需求也在逐渐增大。根据国际人道法和国际战争法相关条约,私营安保公司不具有国际法主体资格,其雇员不是雇佣军或战斗员。在通常情况下,雇员的法律地位是平民,但在武装冲突的情况下则要根据国际人道法,依其在个案中的具体职能而定。为了对身处武装冲突或战乱地区的中国海外私人安保公司进行监管,在国际法层面,中国政府可以建议完善现有监管规范,修改相关国际条约,支持制定新的国际公约;在国内法层面,中国政府应当通过完善国内相关监管规范和措施,强化安保行业和安保公司自律,为我国海外利益提供切实有效的安全保障。

甲烷减排战略:国际进展与中国对策

甲烷减排是实现《巴黎协定》气候目标的重要组成,具有显著的可持续发展协同效益。在美国、欧盟等国家和组织推动“全球甲烷承诺”并陆续出台甲烷行动计划的国际新进展下,我国将强化甲烷减排行动,以实现长期温室气体低排放发展目标。本文系统梳理了国际甲烷减排进展并识别了我国行动重点,包括完善监测、报告与核查制度,推动甲烷减排技术措施的创新应用,以及培育市场激励甲烷减排行动。建议将甲烷减排整合到碳达峰碳中和“1+N”政策体系中,分步骤有序推进甲烷减排行动,主动参与双边与多边甲烷减排合作,提升国际影响力。

Legal Protection from Physical Form to Form of Value: On the Transformation of China's Land Right System

The transformation of China’S land rightsystem comprises the following threeperiods:(1)The planned economy period(1949.1978).Public land ownership

奥林匹克品牌的法律保护及中、美、澳三国间的比较

奥林匹克品牌由于存在上的无形性,相对于有形资产来说,构成侵犯的可能性较多,必须通过一定的法律来保护。国际奥委会通过《内罗毕公约》、商标注册、版权保护、举办国相关法律规定和赛场清洁政策等方式对奥林匹克品牌加以保护。美国奥委会通过各项法律、法规规范各组织与个体的行为,形成了较为完善的法律保护体系。澳大利亚作为奥林匹克知识产权立法的第一个国家,出台了《奥林匹克五环及标记保护法案》等一系列法律法规,在体育产业中建立了完善而有效的品牌保护计划。中国政府和体育组织充分利用立法、行政、司法和宣传手段,针对中国市场上奥林匹克品牌侵权行为的不同形式,加大了对侵权者的惩罚力度。