Strategies for Prioritizing Ecological Construction with Consideration of Agricultural Industry Development in Northern China’s Agro- pastoral Ecotone : A Perspective of Opportunity Cost

In northern China’s agro-pastoral ecotone,there are conflicts between agricultural industry and ecological construction resource competition,and also problems urgently to be solved for economic growth and sustainable ecological improvement.Taking the development concept of"lucid waters and lush mountains being mountains of gold and silver"as the guiding principle of prioritizing ecological and green development,this paper studied the strategies for prioritizing ecological construction with consideration of economic development of agricultural industry from the perspective of opportunity cost.Through the analysis of opportunity cost,externality,and Pareto optimal theory,and using the calculation method of the unit equivalent factor value of terrestrial ecological service function,this paper calculated the ecological service value of forest,grassland,and farmland.It found that the ecological value of forest and grassland per unit area was greater than the ecological value of agricultural industry.This indicates that the opportunity cost of farmland for ecological construction was less than that of agricultural industry.Based on the theoretical and quantitative analysis,it came up with recommendations for establishing a comprehensive system for prioritizing ecological construction with consideration of agricultural industry development and establishing and improving the incentive mechanism of ecological construction.

Discount Rate of China’s New Energy Power Industry

Under the dual pressures of energy crisis and environmental pollution,China’s new energy power industry has become a focal point for environmental management and requires greater investment.In this context,as a significant input of investment projects,discount rate requires a well-calibrated evaluation because new energy power investment projects are highly capital intensive.The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the discount rate of China’s new energy power industry.First,we use Moving Average to correct the parameters of capital asset pricing model(CAPM)and weighted average cost of capital,which extends the literature on the avoidance of CAPM noise information problem.Second,we study the industry-level annual discount rates of mainly China’s new energy power industries,including hydropower,nuclear power,wind power,and photovoltaic power industries for the period of 2014-2019.The results show that discount rates in China’s new energy power industries evolved differently between the years of 2014-2019 with average annual discount rates being 7.56%,5.83%,5.60%,and 8.64%,for the hydropower,nuclear power,wind power,and photovoltaic power industries,respectively.In 2019,the four annual discount rates were highest for the photovoltaic power industry(8.66%),followed by hydropower(7.17%),wind power(5.72%),and nuclear power industry(5.26%).Forecasting to 2020 from the 2019 evaluation base period,the discount rates are 6.37%,5.00%,6.57%,and 9.05%for the photovoltaic power,hydropower,wind power,and nuclear power industries,respectively.Under the different capital structures,their forecasts for the photovoltaic power,hydropower,wind power,and nuclear power industries in 2020 are,respectively,within[4.35%,9.24%],[3.92%,7.10%],[4.58%,10.40%],[5.46%,14.81%].We also discussed more details on capital structure and forecast period of discount rates for China’s new energy power industries.Our analysis shows that it is necessary to establish a new energy power industry database and steadily promote the implementation of policies.

DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF CHINA'S BASIC INDUSTRY

The Ninth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Term Plan for the Year 2010 adopted at the 4th Session of the Eighth National People’s Congress point out that the construction of infrastructure and basic industry will be strengthened to make them more appropriate to national economic development.

Allied Signal Inc.Cooperating with China's Auto Industry

The Beijing American Allied Signal Inc. Auto Division announced in Beijing in June that it will invest about US$100 million in expanding cooperation with China’s auto industry. Allied Signal Inc. is a leading manufacturer providing worldwide service in aero-space, auto, chemicals,

Development Strategy of China's Civil Aviation Industry

The civil aviation industry, with the key role of promoting hitech development, enhancing national strength, providing work opportunities, and guaranteeing aviation safety, is regarded as one of the leading hi-tech industries in the industrialized world, and civil aircraft are the industry’s basic products, which are value-added, andpromote the production of their

China's Strategic Measures to Develop Coal Industry During the Period of the Ninth Five-Year Plan

A reporter for China’s Foreign Tradehas learned from the Ministry of theCoal Industry that China will takethe following steps to develop its coal industryduring the ninth five-Year plan period. 1. To regulate the policy for buildupthe coal industry and to make a good job ofthe comprehensive development of buildinga number of key coal production bases.

Several Strategic Issues in the Development of China's Seed Industry

Chinese agricultural industry and rural economy are currently undergoing a strategic restructuring. The Seed Act has been thoroughly enforced. The Development of West China program has also got started in an all-round way. Not long ago China entered the World Trade Organization. All these not only present great opportunities but also severe challenges to China.

Performance of China's industrial textiles industry in the first three quarters in 2017

The present industrial textiles industry in China is centered on technical innovation and consumption upgrading,so as to intensify the strength in product development and innovation of technical processing equipment,enhance enterprise management,reduce cost and improve efficiency.After overcoming various adverse factors,the industry maintained stable growth in the first three quarters of 2017.According to the statistics of National Bureau of Statistics,

Some Thoughts on the Going Global Strategy for China's Aerospace Industry

In light of economic globalization and the international economic landscape that has been changed by the global financial crisis,China's economy has already been completely integrated into the global economy.The Chinese enterprises face fierce competition not only internationally as they pursue a "going global" strategy,but also in the domestic market from foreign companies.Therefore,to make their business operations international is not an option,but a must.Entergrises must cultivate international strategic thinking and an international vision,learn to use international resourcrs and markets,optimize resource distribution,develop advantages,and raise their core competiveness.

China's Strategic Emerging Industries A Boon to the World

China’s State Council recently adopted Decisionsto Accelerate the Development of Strategic EmergingIndustries. It is reaffirmed in this document that strategicemerging industries are vital to China’s

Leak Detection and Repair (LDAR) Standard Review for Self-Inspection and Management for VOC Emission in China’s Traditional Energy Chemical Industry

The emission of the traditional energy chemical industry accounts for 20% of the total manmade VOC emission in China, of which coal chemical and petrochemical plants are one of the most important VOC emission sources. VOC emission sources mainly include the leakage of oil refinery units and equipment, pipes and valves, respiration and leakage of various types of storage tanks, effusion of oils during loading and unloading, effusion of sewage treatment systems, all kinds of process tail gas, etc. In this paper, the current management status of VOC emission in China’s coal chemical industry and petrochemical industry are analyzed, which divides VOC management into intentional and fugitive emission. The Leak Detection and Repair (LDAR) management method and technology for equipment, pipes and valves implemented in the United States are studied to propose self-inspection management methods and measures for VOC emissions in the energy chemical industry, providing strategies and recommendations for energy conservation, emission reduction and cleaner production in the traditional energy chemical industry.

Impact of Different Rates of Nitrogen Supplementation on Soil PhysicochemicalProperties and Microbial Diversity in Goji Berry

Goji berry(Lycium barbarum L.)is substantially dependent on nitrogen fertilizer application,which can signifi-cantly enhance fruit yield and Goji berry industrial development in Ningxia,China.This study aimed to analyze the functions of differential nitrogen application rates including low(N1),medium(N2),and high(N3)levels in soil microbial community structure(bacterial and fungal)at 2 diverse soil depths(0-20,20-40 cm)through high-throughput sequencing technology by targeting 16S RNA gene and ITS1&ITS2 regions.All the observed physicochemical parameters exhibited significant improvement(p<0.05)with increased levels of nitrogen and the highest values for most parameters were observed at N2.However,pH decreased(p<0.05)gradually.The alpha and beta diversity analyses for bacterial and fungal communities’metagenome displayed more similarities than differences among all groups.The top bacterial and fungal phyla and genera suggested no obvious(p>0.05)differences among three group treatments(N1,N2,and N3).Furthermore,the functional enrichment analysis demonstrated significant(p<0.05)enrichment of quorum sensing,cysteine and methionine metabolism,and transcriptional machinery for bacterial communities,while various saprotrophic functional roles for fungal communities.Conclusively,moderately reducing the use of N-supplemented fertilizers is conducive to increasing soil nitrogen utilization rate,which can contribute to sustainable agriculture practices through improved soil quality,and microbial community structure and functions.

Production and Running Status of China's Refractories and Main Downstream Industries in 2013

1 Production and Running Status of China＇s Refractories Industry in 2013 1.1 Refractories Output In 2013, China＇ s refractories output was 29. 283 million tons increasing by 3.88% YOY; in which the outputs of dense shaped refractory products, insulating refractory products, monolithic refractories were 17.307 million tons increasing by 5.93% YOY, 557.3 thousand tons decreasing by 2.67% YOY and 11. 418 million tons increasing by 1.24% YOY, respectively.

New Basle Capital Agreement and Risk Management of China＇s Banking Industry

Adjustment of Basle Capital Agreement will influence the risk management and capital arrangement demand of the banks with different scales, operation level and environment. It will have widespread and profound effect on the competition strength of every country＇s banks in the global market. Starting with illustration of the present cond（tion of risk management in China＇s banks, the paper analyzes the major problems existing in the risk management system of China＇s banking industry, then puts forward some clues and suggestions to improve and better the risk management system of China＇s banking industry.

An Analysis of Development Trend of Food Industry in Three Northeastern Provinces of China

The food industry has developed into a leading industry in Northeast China.However,various economic indicators have shown a significant downward trend in recent years.Through the systematic analysis of the development trend of food industry in Northeast China in the past ten years,especially in 2014,it is found that in the context of stable and smooth operation of the food industry in China,the efficiency of the main processing industries declines in the three northeastern provinces of China,there is a simultaneous decline in the share of output value of the leading industries in the output value of manufacturing sector in three provinces,the collective and individual capital withdrawal is obvious in the paid-up capital,and there is a simultaneous decline in the industrial production and sales rate and the export delivery value.The food industry in Northeast China has plunged into the dilemma of development.Finally,this article puts forward some targeted recommendations from aspects of policy making,industrial agglomeration and enterprise cultivation.

Prospering Revolution of Resource Efficiency in Northeast Industrial Area in China

Despite its strong advantages in resource, technology and human resource, China's Northeast Industrial Area is also experiencing problems of unreasonable industrial structure, envi- ronmental pollution, and the degradation of ecological condition, etc., which prevent this area from achieving a sustainable devel- opment. Through analyzing the resource problem, the present paper proposed a strategy of circular economy for the prosperity of this are, discussed the theories of circular economy and re- source recycling, and finally concluded that improving resource productivity is at the core of circular economy.

New Institutional Mechanism in China Facilitating the Global Sustainability——Environment to Be Counted in Officials' Performance Rating

Having argued the importance of China's sustainable development in global sustainability, the authors review the achievements of China in sustainable development, especially its institutional construction. Environment to be counted in official's political performance rating system is thought of as a new institutional mechanism in China facilitating its sustainable development and then global sustainability. Then its significance is narrated and visions in future are envisioned. In the end, certain concrete suggestions for the rating system are given in a practical way.

First Forum on China Casting Quality Standards & Overview of Revision History of China's National/Industrial Standards for Foundry Operations

Both national and local governments have been paying great attention to the work of industrial standardization with the enormous increase in international trade after China joined WTO. According to the standards revising plan of Standardization Administration Committee of China (SAC),TC54 has already revised a series of national standards and industrial standards for foundry operations,and proposed some new ones. As a result,some old fashioned standards containing low-level techniques have been gradually discontinued or replaced with new versions.……