Visualizing Aphasia in Linguistics From 2000 to 2019

This paper aims to visualize the research of aphasia from a linguistic perspective for the two decades from 2000 to 2019,identifying the changes in research focus and the future emerging trends of aphasia studies in linguistics.Applying the bibliometric approach,the present study reviewed 3,004 publications with the topic word“aphasia”in the framework of linguistics.The dataset was created from the Web of Science database ranging from 2000 to 2019.Using the CiteSpace tool,document co-citation analysis,betweenness centrality(BC)measurement and citation burst detection were conducted to explore and determine the thematic patterns,critical studies,and emerging trends of this knowledge domain.Twelve thematic patterns in these two decades were identified,indicating that researchers have focused on language impairment in aphasia,aphasia therapy and other topics associated with aphasia.Meanwhile,papers with high BC reveal the connections among different research clusters.In addition,bursts of detected citations demonstrate that treatment aiming at the enhanced quality of daily life,the utilization of discourse tasks and treatments at the discourse level,deeper exploration of primary progressive aphasia in terms of clinical data and the application of working memory assessment,and the role of working memory(WM)training in rehabilitation will possibly attract more attention in the future.On the basis of the cluster landscape,BC and citation bursts,the review found that scholars paid extensive attention to the alleviation of communication deficits in the linguistic exploration of aphasia.

The Brief Analysis of Fuzzy Art in Linguistic Communication

Although languages should be precise and clear, the reality is that it is not necessary to speak concisely and precisely in some conditions when we communicate with others. Sometimes if we use direct sentences to express our points of view, we are likely to hurt other people. While an adequate expression in fuzzy words is a good way for us to use which can bring us a harmonious circumstances and good relationship. This article tries to reveal the fact that people use and need fuzzy expressions in their communication indeed though it is not well recognized, it also analyzes the concrete fuzzy art in people's linguistic communication through the functions fuzzy words act.

Research on the Development Trend of English Linguistics from the perspective of Multi-culture and Cross-cultural Communication

With the continuous development and progress of society, modern society is formed by the multicultural, namely, an important feature of today’s society is the diversity of cultures. English language and culture course combines both foreign language and cultural characteristics, which has very strong artistic and theoretical factors. Language is a part of culture, and plays an important role in culture. Language and culture are inseparable, if students do not understand the cultural background of foreign languages, cannot correctly understand and use foreign language. In the process of college English teaching, how to carry out cultural teaching and improve students’ cross-cultural communicative competence has become an important topic in English teaching and learning. In order to help students overcome obstacles in intercultural communication and cultivate students’ intercultural communicative competence, we should improve the level of college English teaching by integrating culture factors into English teaching. The culture we need to learn is not limited to the culture of the English-speaking countries. The cultural teaching in English teaching requires an all-round import

A Statistical Theory of Language Translation Based on Communication Theory

We propose the first statistical theory of language translation based on communication theory. The theory is based on New Testament translations from Greek to Latin and to other 35 modern languages. In a text translated into another language, all linguistic variables do numerically change. To study the chaotic data that emerge, we model any translation as a complex communication channel affected by “noise”, studied according to Communication Theory applied for the first time to this channel. This theory deals with aspects of languages more complex than those currently considered in machine translations. The input language is the “signal”, the output language is a “replica” of the input language, but largely perturbed by noise, indispensable, however, for conveying the meaning of the input language to its readers. We have defined a noise-to-signal power ratio and found that channels are differently affected by translation noise. Communication channels are also characterized by channel capacity. The translation of novels has more constraints than the New Testament translations. We propose a global readability formula for alphabetical languages, not available for most of them, and conclude with a general theory of language translation which shows that direct and reverse channels are not symmetric. The general theory can also be applied to channels of texts belonging to the same language both to study how texts of the same author may have changed over time, or to compare texts of different authors. In conclusion, a common underlying mathematical structure governing human textual/verbal communication channels seems to emerge. Language does not play the only role in translation;this role is shared with reader’s reading ability and short-term memory capacity. Different versions of New Testament within the same language can even seem, mathematically, to belong to different languages. These conclusions are everlasting because valid also for ancient Roman and Greek readers.

The Place of Sociolinguistics in the Society:Evidence From Nigeria

This paper which investigates the place of sociolinguistics in the society with particular reference to Nigeria draws its data from primary sources like personal and public speeches as well as secondary sources like textbooks,journals,internet materials,etc.The researcher uses a combination of descriptive approach and the theoretical framework of linguistic and communicative competence to analyze the data.The study reveals that sociolinguistics as an area of language study has been a tool without which it will be too difficult if not impossible for human beings to inhabit in the society.From the study,it is observed that in a society with particular reference to Nigeria,sociolinguistics is relevant in all aspects of human life such as communication,education,politics,administration/government,theatre arts,mass communication(advertisements),creation of new words to accommodate the new concepts in the society,criminology/forensic,oratory,etc.

The Linguistic and Cultural Characteristics of the Tudor Dynasty in England

Tudor dynasty was a transitional period from feudalism to capitalism and was considered as a golden age in the history of British absolute monarchy.During this period,the language English has changed,and the linguistic and cultural characteristics for the great changes with the help of early English communication corpus are worthy of further discussion.

Building-up of students＇ communicative competence in spoken English teaching

In the activity of English teaching, how to improve students＇ communicative competence is always deemed as an important factor on which English teaching hinges. This paper starts from the idea of communicative competence proposed by linguist Dwell Hymes and then goes deep to find out 4 ways to apply the ideas to spoken English teaching, namely： strengthening students＇ linguistic input through comprehensible listening; getting a feel of how English is spoken idiomatically; administering the teaching materials according to students＇ current linguistic capacity and finally exposing students massively to the target culture. Since this paper is about teaching, the discussion of teacher＇s role will be dealt with at the last part.

A Comparative Interpretation of Communicative Competence

This paper attempts to give an interpretation of communicative competence by a comparative approach,internally and externally.It first examines the internal components of communication competence as formulated by Hymes and Canale & Swain,and then explores the possible relationship between linguistic competence and communication competence by comparing and constrasting the two.Our conclusion is that linguistic competence is the foundation for communicative competence and the latter is a further development of the former.

On being a facilitator in college English Teaching

According to the linguistic theory’s requirement,this article stresses the teacher’s role in College English teaching,shows how to help cultivate student’s ability to use the language and how one can become a qualified facilitator.

Intercultural Competence Development of Chinese Students After a Short-Term Study Abroad Experience

This study investigated Chinese students’ intercultural competence and linguistic growth during a six-week study abroad program. The students and their professor participated in pre- and post-tests covering written and oral language competency as well as intercultural competence. The Global Scale of English assessed student language development to determine linguistic growth and the Assessment of Intercultural Competence of Chinese College Students (AIC-CCS) was used to determine student growth of intercultural competence skills, specifically related to cultural knowledge, skills, attitudes, and awareness as a result of their experiences in a non-Western context. Results indicated that students experienced a change in the salience of intercultural knowledge themes over their period abroad, as well as improved their individual language abilities. This study provides suggestions for future programming focused on the development of Chinese student intercultural competencies during short-term study abroad experiences in Western university environments.

Language And Its Functions

If you ask a linguist the question what language is, most likely you will get an answer like this: " Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communicatin ".Note here that there are some implicit assumptions involved in this definition: language equals a system of symbols and language is for communication. If you have an inquisitive mind, you may not settle for the answer given and ask again:"Does that mean that those symbols are

英语教学术语选摘(九十三)

[computational linguistics]Computational linguistics can he seen is a branch of APPUED LINGUISTICS,dealing with computer processing of human language.Automatic translation between natural languages,text processing and communication between people and computers are among its central concerns.Speech recognition and understanding and speech synthesis allow people to communicate with computers using spoken language.Computational GRAMMARS with TOP-DOWN and BOTTOM-UP PROCESSING capabilities have been developed in this connection.COMPUTER-ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING programmes are among numerous applications of the new technology.Computerized corpora of written and spoken texts facilitate research on USAGE using CONCORDANCES.(See also CORPUS LINGUISTICS.)

What Fails English as the Dream Language of Rural India？

Rural masses in India view English as the language of socio-economic empowerment through education. Education could be either in English or in regional languages, but children should learn English, because it is seen as the key to the world of opportunities in higher education and employment. The governments need to politically respond to the aspirations of the common masses keeping aside both politicised language policies and theoretical linguistic inputs that encourage one＇s mother tongue as the ideal medium of instruction. Onerous responsibility lays on men, methods, and materials over which government have the least say, but the practising teachers of English and academics who help bureaucrats in framing language policies in India are solely responsible for non-realization of dreams of the masses. There is something terribly rotten in the state of English-teaching enterprise in India. This paper proposes to examine the present state of affairs in the teaching of English to rural students and to offer constructive alternatives to the existing package of men, materials, and methods.

The Application of Rewriting in Cultural Transfer

In the context of globalization,cultural exchange is frequently conducted between countries in translating activities.Comparing with linguistic transfer,cultural transfer is frequented applied as to achieve communicative equivalence.Studies of rewriting applied as a method of cultural translation from Chinese to English are still relatively weak in the field of translation in China.Exclusive research on the methods for cultural translation is still uncompleted.In the last decade,when comes to cultural elements in translation,methods as restoring sounds,adding extra explanation,or detecting equivalent concepts have been mostly discussed,but rewriting is rarely involved in it.This thesis reviews previous definitions for rewriting or adaptation;analyses the difference between linguistic transfer and cultural transfer,and why rewriting is adopted as an effective method for cultural translation;the application of rewriting will break up the dominance of occidental culture in the world while make oriental culture become influential in the western world.

汉语哲学:方法论的意义

汉语哲学自兴起以来的几年中已经形成了大致的领域和方向。在汉语哲学的多重意义中，方法论乃是一个核心。作为方法论的汉语哲学揭示了许多先前未被发现和认识的视野和问题。汉语哲学通过分析和比较语言与哲学问题的演化，说明“Being”问题仅是由特定语言形态带出的问题而不具普遍性。通过对人类语言总体趋势和乔姆斯基生成理论的反思，汉语哲学从人类语言共同的分析化趋势和普遍语法，揭示人类共同的心智结构与可传达性的关系。汉语哲学从语言际的理想意义的设想切入语言哲学，分析不同语言在表达世界和事物秩序时的差异，以揭示出人类共同心智结构与认知差异的关系这个未明的哲学问题，亦分析和阐明了与语言秩序对应的三种世界和事物的秩序及其语言际的可传达性的程度。汉语哲学的方法论视角令人认识到：汉语哲学主要关涉形而上学、认识论、语言哲学和逻辑等理论哲学的问题以及语言科学与脑科学等问题，而与实践哲学领域无多大干系。同样，汉语哲学与教汉语说哲学或民族性等问题，也没有关系。汉语哲学是一种理论的因而普遍性的哲学研究。

LEXICAL RICHNESS IN L2 ACADEMIC WRITING

This preliminary study investigates the relationship between lexical richness and communicative effectiveness in placement essays for graduate students whose first language (L1) is Chinese. Lexical richness is measured with Nation's web-based vocabulary profiler (Cobb, undated) software, and communicative effectiveness is scored by multiple raters. The structure of the study, lexical data compile review, results analysis, and teaching implications will be discussed. The study indicates that lexical richness needs to be taken into account in scoring the quality of writing. However, further investigation and analysis still need to be developed and discussed on the ongoing study.