[Objective] This study was conducted to investigate effects of different intercropping modes on growth, yields and economic benefit of cassava and peanut in symbiotic period. [Method] With sole cropping of cassava （M...[Objective] This study was conducted to investigate effects of different intercropping modes on growth, yields and economic benefit of cassava and peanut in symbiotic period. [Method] With sole cropping of cassava （M1） and sole cropping of peanut （M2） as control groups, effects of intercropping of cassava with 1 row, 2 rows and 3 rows of peanut （M3, M4 and M5）on crop growth, yields and economic benefit were studied. [Result] Intercropping affected both growth and yields of cassava and peanut. Growth competition existed between cassava and peanut, and plant heights of cassava and peanut changed similarly. In late stages of intercropping, treatments M1, M2 and M5 showed higher plant heights under no nitrogen application, while treatment M3 and M4 exhibited higher plant heights under nitrogen application; intercropping improved leaf temperature, but no obvious law could be observed among different intercropping treatments; and intercropping improved total dry matter amount, which was the highest in M5 in root expanding stage and on the 30th day of the expanding stage, and the highest in M4 on the 60th day of the expanding stage. Intercropping reduced the yield of single plant, but improved the economic benefit of red upland soil; and under no nitrogen application and nitrogen application, cassava yields decreased by 25.35% and 14.55%, respectively, peanut yields decreased by 28.76% and 52.60%, respectively, while economic benefit increased by 72.90% and 56.82%, respectively. [Conclusion] Compared with sole cropping, interplanting cassava with 1 row, 2 rows or 3 rows of peanut could all improve economic benefit, and the economic benefit increased with number of rows of interplanted peanut increasing.展开更多
为探讨共生期和密度对棉田套播油菜生长和产量的影响,设置3个共生期:棉油共生10 d(T10)、20 d(T20)和30 d(T30)及4个种植密度30(D1)、45(D2)、60(D3)和75万株hm^(–2)(D4)裂区试验。结果表明:(1)同一密度下,延长共生期,越冬期、蕾薹期...为探讨共生期和密度对棉田套播油菜生长和产量的影响,设置3个共生期:棉油共生10 d(T10)、20 d(T20)和30 d(T30)及4个种植密度30(D1)、45(D2)、60(D3)和75万株hm^(–2)(D4)裂区试验。结果表明:(1)同一密度下,延长共生期,越冬期、蕾薹期和花期绿叶数、叶面积指数均增加,促进了根系及地上部干物质累积,根冠比、株高、根颈粗增加,茎秆酸不溶木质素和总木质素含量下降,可溶性糖、半纤维素和纤维素含量升高。油菜根倒角度虽增加,但茎倒角度、总倒伏角度减小,油菜单株和群体产量均增加,以T30D2群体产量最高。(2)密度对油菜生长和产量的影响因共生期不同存在差异。相同共生期处理下,随密度增加,单株绿叶数减少,根系干物质、地上部干物质累积量降低,单株产量降低。T30条件下,叶面积指数(LAI)随密度增加呈先增后减的趋势,在D3密度时,LAI最大;在T20、T10条件下,LAI则随密度增加而增加。群体产量与LAI变化趋势一致。在T30、T20处理下,茎倒角度随密度增加呈先降后增趋势,在T10处理下,则逐渐增加,与茎秆纤维素含量变化趋势相反,两试点均为T30D3田间总倒伏角度最小。(3)武穴及天门试点棉田套播油菜产量所要求的共生期及密度最优配置分别为29.8 d、48.8万株hm^(–2),29.7 d、57.6万株hm^(–2);在此配置下,两试点油菜产量理论值分别为3243.0 kg hm^(–2)和3082.8 kg hm^(–2),与当地棉田套播油菜常用栽培模式(共生期15d,密度15.0~22.5万株hm^(–2),产量约2625.0 kg hm^(–2))相比,可实现增产23.5%、17.4%。展开更多
基金Supported by Youth Innovation Fund of Jiangxi Sciences of Agricultural Sciences(2013CQN010)Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-12-jxyzq)~~
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to investigate effects of different intercropping modes on growth, yields and economic benefit of cassava and peanut in symbiotic period. [Method] With sole cropping of cassava （M1） and sole cropping of peanut （M2） as control groups, effects of intercropping of cassava with 1 row, 2 rows and 3 rows of peanut （M3, M4 and M5）on crop growth, yields and economic benefit were studied. [Result] Intercropping affected both growth and yields of cassava and peanut. Growth competition existed between cassava and peanut, and plant heights of cassava and peanut changed similarly. In late stages of intercropping, treatments M1, M2 and M5 showed higher plant heights under no nitrogen application, while treatment M3 and M4 exhibited higher plant heights under nitrogen application; intercropping improved leaf temperature, but no obvious law could be observed among different intercropping treatments; and intercropping improved total dry matter amount, which was the highest in M5 in root expanding stage and on the 30th day of the expanding stage, and the highest in M4 on the 60th day of the expanding stage. Intercropping reduced the yield of single plant, but improved the economic benefit of red upland soil; and under no nitrogen application and nitrogen application, cassava yields decreased by 25.35% and 14.55%, respectively, peanut yields decreased by 28.76% and 52.60%, respectively, while economic benefit increased by 72.90% and 56.82%, respectively. [Conclusion] Compared with sole cropping, interplanting cassava with 1 row, 2 rows or 3 rows of peanut could all improve economic benefit, and the economic benefit increased with number of rows of interplanted peanut increasing.
文摘为探讨共生期和密度对棉田套播油菜生长和产量的影响,设置3个共生期:棉油共生10 d(T10)、20 d(T20)和30 d(T30)及4个种植密度30(D1)、45(D2)、60(D3)和75万株hm^(–2)(D4)裂区试验。结果表明:(1)同一密度下,延长共生期,越冬期、蕾薹期和花期绿叶数、叶面积指数均增加,促进了根系及地上部干物质累积,根冠比、株高、根颈粗增加,茎秆酸不溶木质素和总木质素含量下降,可溶性糖、半纤维素和纤维素含量升高。油菜根倒角度虽增加,但茎倒角度、总倒伏角度减小,油菜单株和群体产量均增加,以T30D2群体产量最高。(2)密度对油菜生长和产量的影响因共生期不同存在差异。相同共生期处理下,随密度增加,单株绿叶数减少,根系干物质、地上部干物质累积量降低,单株产量降低。T30条件下,叶面积指数(LAI)随密度增加呈先增后减的趋势,在D3密度时,LAI最大;在T20、T10条件下,LAI则随密度增加而增加。群体产量与LAI变化趋势一致。在T30、T20处理下,茎倒角度随密度增加呈先降后增趋势,在T10处理下,则逐渐增加,与茎秆纤维素含量变化趋势相反,两试点均为T30D3田间总倒伏角度最小。(3)武穴及天门试点棉田套播油菜产量所要求的共生期及密度最优配置分别为29.8 d、48.8万株hm^(–2),29.7 d、57.6万株hm^(–2);在此配置下,两试点油菜产量理论值分别为3243.0 kg hm^(–2)和3082.8 kg hm^(–2),与当地棉田套播油菜常用栽培模式(共生期15d,密度15.0~22.5万株hm^(–2),产量约2625.0 kg hm^(–2))相比,可实现增产23.5%、17.4%。
