A 3D theoretical model for green management:a case study of Chinese enterprises

Companies that not only abide by environmental regulations, but also discover new techniques and adopt newmanagement methods to reduce negative environmental impacts often have positive effects on corporate profitability. Inorder to meet the needs of sustainability of enterprises and protect environment, the concept of green management isdeveloped and regarded as an important direction of management theory of the 21st century. Though there are manytheories and practices about green management in western countries, they are built based on the developed marketeconomy, which are not suitable for Chinese enterprises absolutely. By analyzing the viewpoints and models of theoverseas and domestic experts and scholars, combining characteristic of China’s market economy, this paper points outthe real connotation of enterprise green management - the combination of ecological harmony (harmony between humanand nature) with human harmony (harmony among people), establishes a 3D theoretical model, points out the defects ofenterprise’s green management in China, reanalyzes and redesigned enterprise green management, which paves the wayfor the deeper and broader development of green management.

2-D EAG Method for the Recognition of Hand-Printed Chinese Characters

A method, called Two-Dimensional Extended Attribute Grammars (2-DEAGs). for the recognition of hand-printed Chinese characters is presented. This method uses directly two dimensional information, and pro- vides a scheme for dealing with various kinds of specific cases in a uniform way. In this method, components are drawn in guided and redundant way and reductions are made level by level just in accordance with the com- ponent combination relations of Chinese characters. The method provides also polysemous grammars, coexisting grammars and structure inferrings which constrain redundant recognition by comparison among similar characters or components and greatly increase the tolerance ability to distortion.

Cyclovirobuxinum D Alleviates Cardiac Hypertrophy in Hyperthyroid Rats by Preventing Apoptosis of Cardiac Cells and Inhibiting the p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway

Objective： To investigate the underlying mechanisms of cyclovirobuxinum D（Cvb-D） on alleviating cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Methods： Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups： control group; levothyroxine-induced cardiac hypertrophy group（model）; levothyroxine-induced cardiac hypertrophy ＋ Cvb-D group（Cvb-D）; levothyroxine-induced cardiac hypertrophy ＋ captopril group（captopril）; levothyroxine-induced cardiac hypertrophy ＋ SB203580 group（SB203580）, n=10 for each group. Rats were daily administered the respective drugs continuously for14 days by gastric gavage. A rat model of cardiac hypertrophy was established by intraperitoneal injection of levothyroxine to investigate whether Cvb-D protects against cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK） signaling pathway and preventing apoptosis of cardiac cells. Results： Treatment with Cvb-D significantly deceased left ventricle hypertrophy, improved the histopathology, hemodynamic conditions, and cardiac function in rats with cardiac hypertrophy. Compared with the normal control group, in rats with cardiac hypertrophy, expression of bax in the heart and phospho-p38 MAPK protein levels were significantly up-regulated（P〈0.01 or 0.05）, whereas the bcl-2 protein level was downregulated（P〈0.01）. In contrast, Cvb-D treatment reversed the changes in bax and phospho-p38 MAPK protein levels but increased the bcl-2 protein level（P〈0.01 or 0.05）, and these effects were similar to those of captopril and SB203580（a specific p38 MAPK inhibitor） treatment. Furthermore, both Cvb-D, captopril and SB203580 reduced m RNA expression of p38α, p38β, c-fos, and c-jun m RNA, and Cvb-D had a stronger effect（P〈0.01）. Conclusion： These results demonstrate that Cvb-D protects against cardiac hypertrophy, which is possibly mediated by prevention of cardiac cell apoptosis and inhibition of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

First Traditional Chinese Medicine OK'd for EU Market

A traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has been authorized for sale in a European market for the first time, the Chinese Academy of Sciences announced on April 18, 2012.