Therapeutic Actions of the Chinese Herbal Formulae with Cold and Heat Properties and Their Effects on Ultrastructures of Synoviocytes in Rats of the Collagen-Induced Arthritis

The therapeutic actions of Qing Luo Yin (QLY清络饮) with heat property and Wen Luo Yin (WLY温络饮) with cold property on pain, swelling of the ankle, arthritis index and ultrastructures of synoviocytes were compared in rats of type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), with tripterygium glycosidorum (TG) used as control. The results indicated that both QLY and WLY could reduce pain, swelling of the ankle and the arthritis index of CIA, and QLY had better effects in reducing the swelling of the ankle and controlling the secondary pathological lesions as compared with WLY. Investigation on the ultrastructures of synoviocytes indicated that both QLY and WLY could reduce the number of Golgi apparatus, rough surface endoplasmic reticulum, dense bodies, matrix filaments and vacuoles so as to suppress the excessive secretion of synoviocytes in rats of CIA.

Therapeutic Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Compound Preparation on Viral Diseases in Poultry

[Objective] To develop a new antiviral agent with high and long efficacy, wide spectrum, low toxicity and low cost from traditional Chinese herbal medicine and their compound. [ Method] The ＂Quxie＂ （ i. e. eliminating pathogenic factors） drugs including Hedyotis diffusa and Loni- cera japonica and ＂Fuzheng＂ （ i. e. strengthening body resistance） drugs including Radix astragali and Glycyrrhiza uralensis were taken to form an antiviral herbal compound preparation. Taking the astragalus polysaccharide monomer as control, the experiment was constructed by using the agent to treat some naturally occurring viral diseases, including Newcastle disease （ND）, infectious bursal disease （IBD）, duck viral hepatitis （DVH）, avian influenza （Al） H9 subtype and avian swollen head syndrome. [Ressult] The effective rates of the agent for treatment of the above- mentioned diseases were 87%, 87%, 69%, 100% and 100%, respectively, which were higher than that of astragalus polysaccharide monomer. The cure rates for these diseases were 33%, 37%, 13%, 69% and 75%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of astragalus polysacchadde monomer （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The rates of poor therapeutic efficacy were 15%, 21%, 24%, 6% and 7%, respectively, which were significantly lower than that of astragalus polysaccharide monomer （P 〈 0.01 ）. [ Condusion] The Chinese herbal compound preparation shows good therapeutic effects on some avian viral diseases, which can decrease mortality rate and improve production performance of poultry more greatly than astragalus polysaccharide monomer.

Use of Chinese Herbal Medicine Therapies in Comprehensive Hospitals in Central China: A Parallel Survey in Cancer Patients and Clinicians

Summary： Chinese herbal medicine （CHM）, as the largest application category of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）, is widely accepted among cancer patients in China. Herbal slice （HS） and Chinese patent drug （CPD） are commonly used CHM in China. This study aimed to investigate the utilization of CHM among clinicians and cancer patients in central China. Five hundred and twenty-five patients and 165 clinicians in 35 comprehensive hospitals in central China were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire that was designed to evaluate the use of CHM. The results showed that 90.74% clinicians and 72.24% cancer patients used CHM during cancer treatment. The educational backgrounds of the clinicians and the age, education level, annual income, and cancer stage of the cancer patients were re- lated to use of CHM. More than 90% clinicians and cancer patients had used CPD. Comparatively, the percentage of HS use was 10% lower than that of CPD use among clinicians and cancer patients. More clinicians preferred to use CHM after surgery than cancer patients did （20.41% vs. 5.37%）. Enhancing physical fitness and improving performance status were regarded as the most potential effect of CHM on cancer treatment （85.71% among clinicians and 94.07% among cancer patients）, in comparison with directly killing tumor cells （24.49% among clinicians and 31.36% among patients）. As for refusal rea- sons, imprecise efficacy was the unanimous （100%） reason for clinicians＇ rejection of CHM, and 95.58% patients objected to using CHM also for this reason. Furthermore, the side effects of CHM were more concerned by clinicians than by patients （33.33% vs. 15.81%）. In conclusion, our survey revealed that CHM was popularly accepted by clinicians and cancer patients in central China. The reasons of use and rejection of CHM were different between clinicians and cancer patients.

In vitro study on the antiviral activity of 9 extracts of traditional Chinese herbal medicine against the human respiratory syncytial virus

Objective:To study the in vitro virucidal activity of 9 extracts of traditional Chinese herbal medicine(the water extracts of Evodia lepta,Clausena lansium,Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum,Callicarpa nudiflora,Nauclea officinalis and Elaeagnus gonyanthes,the alcohol extracts of Nauclea officinalis,Elaeagnus gonyanthes and Zanthoxylumarmatum)on human respiratory syncytial virus(HRSV).Methods:The cytotoxic effect of the extracts on cells was evaluated by a cell viability assay using the CCK-8 method,a concentration of the extracts with cell viability greater than 50%was selected for the follow-up anti-HRSV effect assay,the 50%effective concentration(EC50)was assessed by an in vitro cell infection model.Results:The EC50s of the water extract from Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum,Callicarpa nudiflora and Elaeagnus gonyanthes were 0.05 mg/mL,0.03 mg/mL and 0.05 mg/mL,and the therapeutic index(TI)of them were 18.60,21.67 and 56.80 respectively.Conclusion:The water extracts of Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum,Callicarpa nudiflora and Elaeagnus gonyanthes possess the activity of anti-HRSV virus.

Traditional Chinese medicine for prevention and treatment of hepatocarcinoma: From bench to bedside

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has played a positive role in the management of hepatocarcinoma. Hepatocarcinoma patients may present Qi-stagnation, damp-heat, blood stasis, Qi-deficiency, Yin-deficiency and other TCM syndromes(Zheng). Modern treatments such as surgery, transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) and high intensity focus ultrasound treatment would influence the manifestation of TCM syndromes. Herbs with traditional efficacy of tonifying Qi, blood and Yin, soothing liver-Qi stagnation, clearing heat and detoxifying and dissolving stasis, have been demonstrated to be potent to prevent hepatocarcinogenesis. TCM has been widely used in all aspects of integrative therapy in hepatocarcinoma, including surgical resection, liver transplantation, TACE, local ablative therapies and even as monotherapy for middle-advanced stage hepatocarcinoma. Clinical practices have confirmed that TCM is effective to alleviate clinical symptoms, improve quality of life and immune function, prevent recurrence and metastasis, delay tumor progression, and prolong survival time in hepatocarcinoma patients. The effective mechanism of TCM against hepatocarcinoma is related to inducing apoptosis, autophagy, anoikis and cell senescence, arresting cell cycle, regulating immune function, inhibiting metastasis and angiogenesis, reversing drug resistance and enhancing effects of chemotherapy. Along with the progress of research in this field, TCM will contribute more to the prevention and treatment of hepatocarcinoma.

Advances in Chinese medicine treatment and research on endocrine diseases in 2021

This paper reviews the progress in treatment regimens involving traditional Chinese medicine and research on common clinical endocrine diseases in 2021,to provide a reliable basis for the traditional Chinese medicine treatment of endocrine diseases.In 2021-2022,research on traditional Chinese medicine for endocrine diseases has been focused on pathogenesis.We have summarized the results of the use of traditional Chinese medicine and herbal extracts for treating common endocrine system diseases in 2021,focusing on the following aspects.(1)Chinese herbal extracts or active ingredients,such as echinatin,breviscapine,and puerarin,can treat metabolic-associated fatty liver disease by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress,improving lipid metabolism,and regulating intestinal flora.(2)Chinese herbal extracts or active ingredients,such as Juglandis Semen extracts,Momordica charantia saponins,and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma extracts can treat type 2 diabetes by reducing insulin resistance,improving pancreatic beta cell function,and regulating intestinal microbial disorders.(3)Chinese herbal extracts or active ingredients,such as berberine,astragaloside IV,and Scutellariae Barbatae Herba polysaccharides,can treat diabetes-related complications by improving mitochondrial function,regulating autophagy,and inhibiting apoptosis and pyroptosis.(4)Chinese herbal medicines and herbal extracts or active ingredients,such as berberrubine and Resedaodorata,can treat hyperuricemia by activating the Janus kinase 2/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 signaling pathway and inhibiting toll-like receptor 4/NOD-like receptor family,pyrin domain-containing protein 3 signaling to increase urate excretion.(5)Herbal extracts or active ingredients,such as ginsenoside Rb1,corylin,and Scutellariae Radix polysaccharides,can exert anti-obesity effects by promoting the browning of white adipocytes,activation of brown adipose tissue,and regulation of intestinal flora.(6)Chinese herbal extracts or active ingredients,such as diosgenin and Prunellae Spica extract,are able to treat thyroid-related diseases by inhibiting nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 inflammatory vesicle activation,regulating the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen,and cadherin 1,and upregulating the ubiquitination of interferon regulatory factor 4.

加味沙参麦冬汤+中药熏蒸治疗干眼症的效果及角膜荧光素染色评分分析

目的分析加味沙参麦冬汤+中药熏蒸治疗干眼症的效果及角膜荧光素染色评分。方法随机选取2021年12月—2023年12月天水市中医医院罹患干眼症的80例患者为研究对象,按随机抽签法分为对照组、观察组,每组40例;采用对照组中药熏蒸治疗,采用观察组加味沙参麦冬汤+中药熏蒸治疗,比较两组的近远视力水平、角膜荧光素染色评分、中医证候积分。结果治疗前两组近、远视力水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);治疗后,观察组近、远视力水平均更优,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的角膜荧光素染色评分为(0.91±0.23)分,低于对照组的(1.32±0.41)分,差异有统计学意义(t=5.515,P<0.05)。治疗前两组各项中医证候积分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组各项中医证候积分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论干眼症患者在临床采取加味沙参麦冬汤与中药熏蒸联合治疗方案,可明显改善症状,明显提高角膜荧光素染色评分。

中草药相关肝损伤的管理与治疗

由于我国中草药产品应用形式多样,使用人群广泛,用药情况复杂,近年来中草药相关肝损伤等不良反应事件频发,为进一步科学认识中草药相关肝损伤,规范其风险管理与防治措施,本文结合近年的临床研究进展与相关经验,对中草药相关肝损伤的风险管理、临床评价、预防及治疗展开论述。在中药研发生产、上市后的临床应用等多环节,建立涉及中药产品质量控制、患者安全教育、临床医师合理用药、定期监测、分级分型治疗等全方位的中草药相关肝损伤的管控体系,对于预防和处理肝损伤等不良反应事件非常重要,为中草药临床安全合理用药提供参考和借鉴。

Study on Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine for Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy on Refractory Drug Resistant Leukemia

The so-called multidrug resistance （MDR） of leukemic cells means the cross resistance of leukemic cells against multiple anti-tumor agents with different constitution and acting mechanism, which takes place simultaneous after resistance to a single contacted drug has been produced. Tumor cells with MDR would now show a low sensitivity to anti-tumor agents, making chemotherapy ineffective or of little effect. Moreover, MDR is one of the pathogenetic factors for inducing refractory leukemia.

生物信息学在诊疗阿尔茨海默病的应用研究进展

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s Disease,AD)发病机制复杂,诊断方法局限,且临床上缺乏有效的治疗药物,是现代医学领域的难点。生物信息学可为筛选AD关键病理学生物标志物、分析AD差异性表达基因、筛选AD有效药物作用靶点、研究AD的发病机制,以及发现抗AD新型药物提供了新的思路。然而,在生物信息学研究中数据的预处理和统计分析方式会对结果造成较大影响,且在实际研究中跨平台和跨实验室的分析方法缺乏一致协调性,导致难以进行数据间的对比。因此,建立标准的操作程序和质量控制协议、提高跨平台之间方法的可重复性、促进研究间的数据对比至关重要。

中草药相关肝损伤的研究进展与挑战

中草药相关肝损伤发生众多,对中药临床安全用药与产业健康发展等有重要影响,近年来中草药肝损伤研究受到广泛重视并取得显著进展,我国与国际学术组织均制订并更新了相关临床诊疗指南。本文比较分析了近期有关中草药相关肝损伤诊疗指南的特点,继而从毒性机制、临床诊断与病情评估、风险因素与临床防治等方面简述主要进展,提出部分尚未满足的需求、需要重视的研究难点与可能的防治措施。

A comprehensive analysis of the Bencao(herbal)small RNA Atlas reveals novel RNA therapeutics for treating human diseases

Cross-kingdom herbal mi RNA was first reported in 2012.Using a modified herbal extraction protocol,we obtained 73,677,287sequences by RNA-seq from 245 traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),of which 20,758,257 were unique sequences.We constructed a Bencao(herbal)small RNA(s RNA)Atlas(http://bencao.bmicc.cn),annotated the sequences by sequence-based clustering,and created a nomenclature system for Bencao s RNAs.The profiles of 21,757 mi RNAs in the Atlas were highly consistent with those of plant mi RNAs in mi RBase.Using software tools,our results demonstrated that all human genes might be regulated by s RNAs from the Bencao s RNA Atlas,part of the predicted human target genes were experimentally validated,suggesting that Bencao s RNAs might be one of the main bioactive components of herbal medicines.We established roadmaps for oligonucleotide drugs development and optimization of TCM prescriptions.Moreover,the decoctosome,a lipo-nano particle consisting of 0.5%–2.5%of the decoction,demonstrated potent medical effects.We propose a Bencao(herbal)Index,including small-molecule compounds(SM),protein peptides(P),nucleic acid(N),non-nucleic and non-proteinogenic large-molecule compounds(LM)and elements from Mendeleev's periodic table(E),to quantitatively measure the medical effects of botanic medicine.The Bencao s RNA Atlas is a resource for developing gene-targeting oligonucleotide drugs and optimizing botanical medicine,and may provide potential remedies for the theory and practice of one medicine.

13例服用中药偏方致铅中毒患者诊疗分析

目的分析中药偏方致铅中毒的诊疗过程,提高对偏方致铅中毒的认识并降低误诊率。方法分析2022年5月至2023年9月泰安市公共卫生医疗中心收治的13例偏方致铅中毒患者的临床资料及诊治心得。结果13例患者均以腹绞痛、腹胀为主要就诊症状,血铅水平均高于正常值,部分患者出现蛋白尿、肝功异常、贫血等症状。经驱铅治疗后患者各项指标恢复正常。结论对有使用偏方史且出现腹绞痛、不完全肠梗阻、肝功异常、贫血等症状者,应高度怀疑偏方致铅中毒,需采取积极驱铅治疗。

中医药治疗肝纤维化的优势与特色

肝纤维化是各种慢性肝病的共同病理过程,与肝脏疾病进展相关,是影响肝脏疾病转归和肝细胞癌风险的关键因素。早期过程可逆,若不及时干预治疗,程度逐渐加重终将发展为肝硬化,甚至肝细胞癌,危及人们健康。因此,积极防治肝纤维化具有重要的意义,而肝纤维化的发病机制复杂,西医治疗单一、局限,尚缺乏疗效确切且公认的抗纤维化药物,治疗存在巨大的医疗需求。随着国内外学者的努力研究,中医药治疗成为了逆转肝纤维化和抗纤维化进展的热点和重要突破点,且发现了多靶点、多途径的优势,本文将从辩证、治法、药物配伍及与现代分子机制结合等方面详细阐述中医药治疗肝纤维化的特色和优势。

Comparative efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal injections combined with transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization in treatment of liver cancer: a bayesian network Meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE: To address the optimal Chinese herbal injections(CHIs) against liver cancer, the present network Meta-analysis is designed to investigate the comparative efficacy and safety of different CHIs.METHODS: Several electronic databases were searched up to June 1 st, 2017. The quality assessment was conducted and network Meta-analysis was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of different CHIs plus transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization(TACE). Primary outcomes were 1-year and 2-year survival rate, the secondary outcomes includes the clinical effective rate, performance status and the adverse reactions(ADRs). Data analysis was applied Stata 13.0 and Win BUGS 1.4 software.RESULTS: A total of 105 randomized controlled trials(RCTs) were identified for inclusion in this analysis, with data for 7683 patients and 13 CHIs. The results suggested that Javanica oil emulsion,Huachansu injection plus TACE were more favorable for 1-year and 2-year survival rate than other CHIs. Kanglaite, Astragalus polysaccharide injection plus TACE showed superiority in the clinical effective rate and performance status over other CHIs.And Shenmai injection plus TACE was superior to reducing ADRs than other CHIs for patients with liver cancer.CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that receiving CHIs combined with TACE may have therapeutic benefits for patients with liver cancer in improving survival rate, clinical effective rate, the performance status and alleviating the ADRs.

白术炮制措施对中药饮片治疗溃疡性结肠炎效果的影响研究

目的研究白术炮制措施对中药饮片治疗溃疡性结肠炎效果的影响。方法回顾性分析汕头潮南民生医院于2021年2月—2022年11月接收的99例溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)患者临床资料,并根据服用不同的中药炮制方式制成的中药饮片分为三组(A组:土炒处理分级法;B组:焦制分级法;C组:炙制分级法),各33例。对比三组的药物疗效及不良药物反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)。结果三组UA患者的疗效各不相同,B组的治疗效果比A稍高,但两组的疗效结果对比,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.244,P=0.621);C组的UC患者服用经水处理前联合炮制综合法煎制的药液的总体治疗效果比A组患者的疗效佳,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.827,P=0.001);C组的UC患者服用经水处理前联合炮制综合法煎制的药液的总体治疗效果比B组患者的疗效佳,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=14.580,P=0.001)。三组的ADR发生率均有所不同,其中A组的ADR比例值与B组相近,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.096,P=0.757);C组的ADR发生率似乎低于其他两组,但差异无统计学意义(C/A:χ^(2)=1.158,P=0.282;C/B:χ^(2)=1.886,P=0.170)。结论将中药加工与预处理结合使用似乎可以提高中药的疗效,且不会对用药安全产生影响。

中药联合肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗原发性肝癌系统评价的再评价

目的:评价中药联合经肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗原发性肝癌系统评价的方法学偏倚及其结论的可靠性。方法:计算机检索Cochrane图书馆、Pub Med、Guideline、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国期刊全文数据库与万方数据库,收集高质量中药联合经肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗原发性肝癌的系统评价文献进行再评价。结果:共纳入12篇(项)系统评价。结果显示,中药联合肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗原发性肝癌可提高瘤体客观疗效、延长患者生存时间、提高生存质量,减少术后不良反应发生,且无严重中药相关不良反应报道。结论:中药联合经肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗原发性肝癌的临床疗效显著优于单纯行经肝动脉化疗栓塞术,且安全性较好。

补肾活血泄浊汤治疗大鼠局灶性节段性肾小球硬化的研究

目的 :观察中药补肾活血泄浊汤对大鼠局灶性节段性肾小球硬化的治疗作用及作用机制。方法 :采用单侧肾切除术 ,两次尾静脉注射阿霉素法复制局灶性节段性肾小球硬化模型 ,分为补肾活血泄浊汤治疗组、模型组和正常组。实验的前 6周每周测大鼠 2 4h尿蛋白 ,后 6周隔周测大鼠 2 4h尿蛋白 ,第 6 0d、10 0d时测定血清白蛋白、胆固醇、肌酐、尿素氮含量 ,并进行光镜、电镜、原位杂交、免疫组化等观察。结果 :治疗组各项指标与模型组相比均有显著性差异 ,形态学观察也显示治疗组损害轻于模型组。结论 :补肾活血泄浊汤能够明显保护病鼠肾功能 ,明显减轻病鼠细胞外基质沉积 。

中药配合同步放、化疗对晚期非小细胞肺癌的影响

目的：探讨中药辨证治疗配合同步放、化疗对晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的影响。方法：对56例（A组）晚期NSCLC患者采用中医辨证治疗加同步放、化疗，并与44例同步放、化疗（B组）及34例放、化疗（C组）进行对照，结果：A、B、C组近期有效率分别为87．5％、84．1％、55．9％，A、B两组优于C组（P＜0．01）；中位生存期A组为16．4个月，B组为11．8个月，C组为10．6个月；2、3年生存率A组明显高于B组（P＜0．05），且A组患者临床症状变化、卡氏评分、免疫功能明显改善（P＜0．05，P＜0．01）。结论：中药配合同步放、化疗对晚期NSCLC患者的免疫功能，生存质量，延长生存时间均优于单纯同步放、化疗及放、化疗。

原发性肝癌的中医治法与方药

目的:探讨中医药在治疗原发性肝癌方面的规律。方法:筛选建国以来国内公开报道的有关中医治疗原发性肝癌的论文,对文献中使用的治法、方剂及中药名称进行统计分析。结果:计有治法165种,以活血法为多;方名277种,以理气类为主;中药459种,以补气类最为常见。结论:中医药治疗原发性肝癌,以补气、理气、活血方药为主,兼顾清热、滋阴及袪湿。